1、Designation: C 1401 09Standard Guide forStructural Sealant Glazing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indic
2、ates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 Structural sealant glazing, hereinafter referred to asSSG, is an application where a sealant not only can function asa barrier against the passage of air and wate
3、r through a buildingenvelope, but also primarily provides structural support andattachment of glazing or other components to a window,curtain wall, or other framing system.1.2 This guide provides information useful to design pro-fessionals, manufacturers, contractors, and others for the de-sign and
4、installation of a SSG system. This information isapplicable only to this glazing method when used for a buildingwall that is not more than 15 from vertical; however, limitedinformation is included concerning a sloped SSG application.1.3 Only a silicone chemically curing sealant specificallyformulate
5、d, tested, and marketed for structural sealant glazingis acceptable for a SSG system application.1.4 The committee with jurisdiction for this standard is notaware of any comparable standard published by other organi-zations.1.5 The calculations and values stated in SI units are to beregarded as the
6、standard. Values in parenthesis and inch-poundunits are for information only. SI units in this guide are inconformance with IEEE/ASTM SI 10.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard t
7、o establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusC99 Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of DimensionStoneC119 Terminology Relat
8、ing to Dimension StoneC 162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsC 503 Specification for Marble Dimension StoneC 509 Specification for Elastomeric Cellular PreformedGasket and Sealing MaterialC 510 Test Method for Staining and Color Change ofSingle- or Multicomponent Joint SealantsC 568 Specificat
9、ion for Limestone Dimension StoneC 615 Specification for Granite Dimension StoneC 717 Terminology of Building Seals and SealantsC 719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elasto-meric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (HockmanCycle)C 794 Test Method for Adhesion-in-Peel of ElastomericJoint Se
10、alantsC 864 Specification for Dense Elastomeric CompressionSeal Gaskets, Setting Blocks, and SpacersC 880 Test Method for Flexural Strength of DimensionStoneC 920 Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsC 1036 Specification for Flat GlassC 1048 Specification for Heat-Treated Flat GlassKindHS, Ki
11、nd FT Coated and Uncoated GlassC 1087 Test Method for Determining Compatibility ofLiquid-Applied Sealants with Accessories Used in Struc-tural Glazing SystemsC 1115 Specification for Dense Elastomeric Silicone Rub-ber Gaskets and AccessoriesC 1135 Test Method for Determining Tensile AdhesionProperti
12、es of Structural SealantsC 1172 Specification for LaminatedArchitectural Flat GlassC 1184 Specification for Structural Silicone SealantsC 1193 Guide for Use of Joint SealantsC 1201 Test Method for Structural Performance of ExteriorDimension Stone Cladding Systems by Uniform Static AirPressure Differ
13、enceC 1248 Test Method for Staining of Porous Substrate byJoint SealantsC 1249 Guide for Secondary Seal for Sealed InsulatingGlass Units for Structural Sealant Glazing ApplicationsC 1253 Test Method for Determining the Outgassing Poten-tial of Sealant BackingC 1265 Test Method for Determining the Te
14、nsile Propertiesof an Insulating Glass Edge Seal for Structural GlazingApplications1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C24 on Building Sealsand Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.10 on Specifi-cations, Guides and Practices.Current edition approved April
15、15, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 140107.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the sta
16、ndards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.C 1294 Test Method for Compatibility of Insulating GlassEdge Sealants with Liquid-Applied Glazing MaterialsC 1330 Specification for Cylin
17、drical Sealant Backing forUse with Cold Liquid-Applied SealantsC 1369 Specification for Secondary Edge Sealants forStructurally Glazed Insulating Glass UnitsC 1392 Guide for Evaluating Failure of Structural SealantGlazingC 1394 Guide for In-Situ Structural Silicone Glazing Evalu-ationC 1472 Guide fo
18、r Calculating Movement and Other EffectsWhen Establishing Sealant Joint WidthC 1487 Guide for Remedying Structural Silicone GlazingC 1521 Practice for Evaluating Adhesion of InstalledWeatherproofing Sealant JointsC 1564 Guide for Use of Silicone Sealants for ProtectiveGlazing SystemsD 1566 Terminolo
19、gy Relating to RubberD 2203 Test Method for Staining from SealantsD 4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of CoatingsUsing Portable Adhesion TestersE 283 Test Method for Determining Rate of Air LeakageThrough Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure Differences Across the
20、SpecimenE 330 Test Method for Structural Performance of ExteriorWindows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by UniformStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE 331 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Win-dows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by UniformStatic Air Pressure DifferenceE 547 Test Met
21、hod for Water Penetration of Exterior Win-dows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic StaticAir Pressure DifferenceE 631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE 783 Test Method for Field Measurement of Air LeakageThrough Installed Exterior Windows and DoorsE 1105 Test Method for Field Determi
22、nation of WaterPenetration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights,Doors, and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static AirPressure DifferenceE 1233 Test Method for Structural Performance of ExteriorWindows, Doors, Skylights, and Curtain Walls by CyclicAir Pressure DifferentialE 1300 Practice for
23、Determining Load Resistance of Glassin BuildingsE 1424 Test Method for Determining the Rate of Air Leak-age Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure and Temperature DifferencesAcross the SpecimenE 1425 Practice for Determining the Acoustical Perfor-mance of Exterior
24、 Windows and DoorsE 1825 Guide for Evaluation of Exterior Building WallMaterials, Products, and SystemsE 1886 Test Method for Performance of Exterior Windows,Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective SystemsImpacted by Missile(s) and Exposed to Cyclic PressureDifferentialsE 1996 Specification for
25、Performance of Exterior Windows,Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective SystemsImpacted by Windborne Debris in HurricanesE 2128 Guide for Evaluating Water Leakage of BuildingWallsE 2203 Specification for Dense Thermoplastic ElastomersUsed for Compression Seals, Gaskets, Setting Blocks,Spacers an
26、d AccessoriesE 2099 Practice for the Specification and Evaluation ofPre-Construction Laboratory Mockups of Exterior WallSystemsE 2431 Practice for Determining the Resistance of SingleGlazed Annealed Architectural Flat Glass to ThermalLoadingsG15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and CorrosionTesting
27、2.2 IEEE/ASTM Standard:2IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.3 Aluminum Association Manual:Aluminum Design Manual32.4 ANSI/ASCE Standard:ANSI/ASCE 7, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings andOther Structures42.5 AAMA Standards:501.1 Standa
28、rd Test Method for Metal Curtain Walls forWater Penetration Using Dynamic Pressure5501.2 Field Check of Metal Curtain Walls for Water Leak-age5TIR-A111996 MaximumAllowable Deflection of FramingSystems for Building Cladding Components at DesignWind Loads52.6 ANSI Standard:Z97.1 Safety Performance Spe
29、cifications and Methods ofTest for Glazing Materials Used in Buildings42.7 CPSC Standard:16 CFR 1201 Standard on Architectural Glazing Materials63. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Refer to Terminology C119 for definitions of thefollowing terms used in this guide: dimension stone, granite,hysteresis
30、, limestone, and marble.3.1.2 Refer to Terminology C 162 for definitions of thefollowing terms used in this guide: chip, chipped glass, doubleglazing unit, flat glass, glass, heat-strengthened glass, heat-treated, laminated glass, lite, pyrolitic coating, safety glass,skylight, spandrel glass, tempe
31、red glass, thermal stress, tough-ened glass, and wave.3.1.3 Refer to Terminology C 717 for definitions of thefollowing terms used in this guide: adhesive failure, bicellular3Available from theAluminumAssociation, 900 19th St., N.W. Washington, DC20006.4Available from American National Standards Inst
32、itute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.5Available from the Architectural Aluminum Manufacturers Association(AAMA).6Available from the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), Washing-ton, D.C. 20207.C1401092sealant backing, bite, bond breaker, butt glazing, cell, chemi-cally curing se
33、alant, closed cell, closed cell material, closedcell sealant backing, cohesive failure, compatibility, com-pound, cure, durability, durability limit, elastomeric, elonga-tion, gasket, glazing, glazing construction site, hardness, joint,lite, modulus, open cell, open cell material, open cell sealantb
34、acking, outgassing, premature deterioration, primer, seal,sealant, sealant backing, secant modulus, service life, settingblock, shop glazing, silicone sealant, spacer, structural sealant,substrate, thickness, and tooling.3.1.4 Refer to Terminology D 1566 for the definition of thefollowing term used
35、in this guide: compression.3.1.5 Refer to Terminology E 631 for the definitions of thefollowing terms used in this guide: air-leakage, anchorage,anchorage system, building envelope, cladding system, curtainwall, glaze, mechanical connection, mockup, operable, panel,performance standard, sealed insul
36、ating glass, shop drawing,specification, static load, tolerance, water-vapor retarder, weep-hole, and working drawing.3.1.6 Refer to Terminology G15for the definition of thefollowing term used in this guide: chemical conversion coat-ing.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aspect
37、 ratio (AR), nthe ratio of the long dimensionof the glass to the short dimension of the glass. AR is alwaysequal to or greater than 1.0.3.2.2 negative pressure, nan applied load, usually windinduced, that tends to pull a glass lite or panel away from abuilding surface.3.2.3 opacifier, nan opaque mat
38、erial applied to the inte-rior facing surface of a glass spandrel panel, which can includematerials, such as adhesively applied organic films, a liquid-applied silicone coating, or a fired-on ceramic enamel frit.3.2.4 panel, na cladding material other than glass that ismanufactured or fabricated fro
39、m solid, laminated or compositeassemblies of materials such as dimension stone, metal orplastic.3.2.5 positive pressure, nan applied load, usually windinduced, that tends to push a glass lite or panel inward from abuilding surface.3.2.6 snap time, nthe time in minutes at which a multi-component seal
40、ant tears within itself and does not string whena spatula is removed from the curing sealant.3.2.7 stick system, na metal framing system of numerouselements that is construction site assembled and field glazed,usually in-place on the face of a building.3.2.8 thermal bridge, na method that transfers
41、thermalenergy, usually by means of a metallic path from the interior tothe exterior of a window or curtain wall system.3.2.9 unitized system, na panelized metal framing systemthat is preassembled and usually shop-glazed, with the panelstransported to a construction site for erection on a building.3.
42、3 Symbols:A = solar absorptivity coefficient.a = coefficient of linear thermal movement mm/mm/C(in./in./F).B = structural sealant joint bite mm (in.).C = perpendicular distance between parallel sides m (ft).DL = thermal movement mm (in.).DTs= summer temperature differential C (F).DTw= winter tempera
43、ture differential C (F).Fd= allowable structural sealant dead load stress kPa(psi).Ft= allowable structural sealant tension stress kPa (psi).Fv= allowable structural sealant shear stress kPa (psi).ft= computed tensile stress kPa (psi).fv= computed shear stress kPa (psi).H = heat capacity constant.L
44、= side of lite or panel m (ft).L1= long side of lite or panel m (ft).L2= short side of the lite or panel m (ft).% = shear movement percent.Pw= lateral load due to wind kPa (psf).R = radius of a lite or panel m (ft).T = structural sealant joint thickness mm (in.).Ta= ambient summer temperature C (F).
45、Ts= summer surface temperature C (F).Tw= ambient winter temperature C (F).W = unit weight of lite or panel kg/m2(lb/ft2).f = angle in degrees.4. Summary of Guide4.1 GeneralThis guide has been subdivided into majorheadings. A very brief description of each major heading isprovided to assist the reade
46、r in locating general areas ofinformation. For a more detailed listing of guide topics andsection headings, refer to Appendix X1 for a complete listingof the numbered sections and their descriptors.4.2 Predesign Considerations (Section 6), in general, theresponsibilities and relationships of the var
47、ious participants inSSG system development and implementation.4.3 Performance Criteria Considerations (Sections 7-14),SSG system structural loads, movements, construction toler-ances, weather tightness, sound transmission, fire resistance,and durability.4.4 System Design Considerations (Sections 15-
48、18), infor-mation is provided about the basic types of SSG and relatedsystems, as well as system weatherproofing concepts.4.5 Component Design Considerations (Sections 19-26),framing systems, framing finishes, glass, panels, structuralsealants, weather seal sealants, and accessory material infor-mat
49、ion.4.6 Structural Sealant Design Considerations (Sections 27-31), structural joint location and configuration, adhesion andcompatibility concerns, theoretical structural design, and otherdesign and weather seal considerations.4.7 Testing Considerations (Sections 32-37), predesignscale model wind and snow load testing, design and fabricationcomponent testing for quality, adhesion, and compatibility, andfull-size assembly mock-up testing information.4.8 Shop Glazing Considerations (Sections 38-42), materi-als prequalification, quality control programs, and insp
