1、Designation: C 1482 09Standard Specification forPolyimide Flexible Cellular Thermal and Sound AbsorbingInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the composition and physicalproperties of lightweight, flexible open-cell polyimide foami
3、nsulation intended for use as thermal and sound-absorbinginsulation for temperatures from -328F up to +572F (-200Cand +300C) in commercial and industrial environments.1.1.1 Annex A1 includes faced polyimide foam as specifiedby the U.S. Navy for marine applications.1.1.2 This standard is designed as
4、a material specificationand not a design document. Physical property requirementsvary by application and temperature. No single test is adequatefor estimating either the minimum or maximum use tempera-ture of polyimide foam under all possible conditions. Consultthe manufacturer for specific recommen
5、dations and physicalproperties for specific applications.1.1.3 The use of an appropriate vapor retarder is required inall applications where condensation could occur and cause adecrease in thermal performance or affect other system prop-erties.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be rega
6、rdedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe theresponse of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flameunder controlled conditi
7、ons, but does not by itself incorporateall factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of thematerials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the us
8、er to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory requirementsprior to use.NOTE 1The subject matter of this material specification is not coveredby any other ASTM specification. There is no known ISO standardcovering the subject of this standard.2.
9、Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatu
10、sC 302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Tem
11、perature Thermal InsulationC 423 Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Ab-sorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room MethodC 447 Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Tempera-ture of Thermal InsulationsC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat
12、 Flow Meter ApparatusC 634 Terminology Relating to Building and Environmen-tal AcousticsC 665 Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal In-sulation for Light Frame Construction and ManufacturedHousingC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC
13、1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Thin-Heater ApparatusD 395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompressionSetD 543 Practices for Evaluating the
14、Resistance of Plastics toChemical Reagents1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May
15、2009. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 1482 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary
16、 page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 3574 Test Methods for
17、Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD 3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of FlexibleCellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
18、MaterialsE 176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE 662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of SmokeGenerated by Solid MaterialsE 795 Practices for Mounting Test Specimens DuringSound Absorption TestsE 800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Gener-ated During FiresE 1354 Test Method for Heat an
19、d Visible Smoke ReleaseRates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-sumption CalorimeterE 2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting ofPipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess SurfaceBurning Characteristics2.2 U.S. Federal Standards:FAR 25.853(a), Appendix F, Part 1, (a) (1) (i)
20、 Test Criteriaand Procedures for Showing Compliance with Sec.25.853, or 25.8553FAR 25.856(a), Appendix F, Part VI, Test Method toDetermine the Flammability and Flame Propagation Char-acteristics of Thermal/Acoustic Insulation MaterialsMIL-C-20079 Cloth, Glass; Tape, Textile Glass; andThread, Glass4M
21、IL-A-3316 Adhesive, Fire-Resistant, Thermal Insulation4DOD-E-24607 Enamel, Interior, Nonflaming (Dry), Chlori-nated Alkyd Resin, Semigloss (Metric)42.3 Private Sector Standards:Boeing BSS 7239 Test Method for Toxic Gas Generation byMaterials on Combustion5TAPPI T 803 Puncture and Stiffness Test of C
22、ontainerBoard6TM-232 Vertical Pipe-Chase Test to Determine Flame-Propagation Characteristics of Pipe Covering73. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms used in this specification are definedin Terminology C 168, Terminology C 634, and TerminologyE 176. In the case of a conflict, Terminology C 168 shall be
23、thedominant authority.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flexible cellular producta cellular organic polymericmaterial that will not rupture when a specimen 8 by 1 by 1 in.(200 by 25 by 25 mm) is bent around a 1 in. (25 mm) diametermandrel at a uniform rate of one lap in 5 sec.
24、 at a temperaturebetween 64 and 85F (18 and 29C), in accordance with thedescription of a flexible cellular product (currently Subsection3.1.3) in Test Methods D 3574.3.2.2 slaba rectangular section, piece, or sheet of foamthat is cut from a bun, or block of foam.3.2.3 polyimide foama flexible cellul
25、ar product in whichthe bonds formed between monomers during polymerizationare imide or amide bonds. The theoretical mole fraction ofimide bonds must be greater than the theoretical mole fractionof amide bonds.4. Classification4.1 The flexible polyimide cellular insulations of this speci-fication are
26、 classified into Types I through VI as listed in Tables1 and 2 (Note 2). Type I is further subdivided into two gradesbased on maximum allowable thermal conductivity at 75 F(24 C). The Types II and III are subdivided into classes (Note3).NOTE 2Although all types find application in a wide variety ofm
27、arkets, the current primary market for each type is as follows:Type Imarine and industrial applications.Type IIType II is Type I foam faced and used in specific marineapplications, as specified for the U.S. Navy in Annex A1.Type IIIType III is Type I foam pipe shaped and used in specificmarine appli
28、cations, as specified for the U.S. Navy in Annex A1.Types IV and Vaerospace applications depending on density.Type VIapplications requiring improved high temperature and fireperformance.NOTE 3The Type II and Type III designations as well as thesubdivision of Types into Classes is to maintain uniform
29、ity with existingU.S. Navy nomenclature (Annex A1).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Polyimide foam shall be manufactured from the appro-priate monomers, and necessary compounding ingredients toconform to 3.2.3. This is not intended to imply that foamproducts made using different materials are equival
30、ent withrespect to all physical properties.6. Physical Properties6.1 The insulation shall conform to the requirements inTables 1 and 2 for each type, unless specifically statedotherwise by agreement between the supplier and the pur-chaser. Tests shall be made in accordance with the methodsspecified
31、in 11.1-11.20.6.1.1 Upper Temperature LimitUpper temperature limitshall be determined according to 11.4 at the applicationsintended maximum use temperature or at a temperature deter-mined by agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer.3Federal Aviation Regulations Part 25 (Airworthiness Standar
32、ds, TransportCategory Aircraft, and Section 25.853. Procedure in appendix F, Part I, (a) (1) (i)and (ii). Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Sectio
33、n D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.5Available from Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, Material Division, P.O.Box 3707, Seattle, WA 98124-2207.6Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI),15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross,
34、GA 30092, http:/www.tappi.org.7Available from Armstrong World Industries, Inc., Research and Development,P.O. Box 3511, Lancaster, PA 17604.C14820926.1.2 Burning CharacteristicsThe uncoated and unfacedfoam shall conform to the requirements in Tables 1 and 2 foreach type, when tested in accordance wi
35、th 11.12-11.19, withoutthe use of flame/smoke or heat suppressant barriers or coatings.6.1.3 Sound Absorbing PerformanceUnless specificallyotherwise agreed to between the supplier and the purchaser, alltests shall be made in accordance with the methods specified in11.19.6.2 The values stated in Tabl
36、es 1 and 2 are not to be used asdesign values. It is the responsibility of the buyer to specifydesign requirements and obtain supporting documentationfrom the material supplier.7. Workmanship and Appearance7.1 The slab offered as saleable material shall be free offoreign materials and defects that w
37、ill adversely affect itsperformance in service.7.2 Voids and Surface DamageSurface damage due tohandling, and voids that are between 0.24 in. (6 mm) and 1.4in. (35 mm) in diameter, and extend through the entire slab,may be repaired by gluing, plugging, or cutting and splicing.Voids greater than 1.4
38、in. (35 mm) in diameter shall be causefor rejection of the affected material. Plugging may beachieved using compression fit or by using adhesives. Adhe-sives used for repair shall not affect the overall smoke, fire, orTABLE 1 Polyimide Foam Classification (inch-pound)TYPE IGrade 1TYPE IGrade 2TYPE I
39、V TYPE V TYPE VIDensity, max, lb/ft30.48 0.48 0.37 0.55 0.50Maximum Apparent Thermal Conductivity Btu-in./h ft2F238 F 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.1458 F 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.2375 F 0.32 0.29 0.34 0.30 0.34212 F 0.51 0.47 0.54 0.47 0.50356 F 0.74 0.70 0.81 0.70 0.74572 F NAANAANAANAA1.15Upper Temperature
40、Limit test temperature for C411, F 400 400 400 400 572High Temperature Stability%ofinitial tensile strength retained after 336 hoursin air oven at 400 F, min, %60 60 NAANAANAAHigh Temperature Stability%ofinitial tensile strength retained after 336 hoursin air oven at 572 F, min, %NAANAANAANAA70Tensi
41、le Strength, min, lb/in.28.5 8.5 2.8 8.5 3.9Compressive Strength, min, lb/in.2at 25% deflection 0.5 0.5 NAANAA0.550% Compression Deflection, min, lb/in21.2 1.2 NAANAANAACompression Set, max, % NAANAA40 40 NAASteam AgingChange in Tensile Strength, max, %Dimensional and weight changes, max, %25102510N
42、AANAANAANAA2510Corrosiveness pass pass pass pass passChemical Resistance pass pass pass pass passSurface Burning Characteristics, 2 in. thicknessFlame Spread Index, maxSmoke Development, Index, max10151015152015201015Radiant Panel Surface Flammability, Flame Spread Index, max 55552Vertical BurnBBurn
43、 Length, max, in. NAANAA22.4NAAAfter Flame Time, max, sec NAANAA11ATotal heat release (2 min), max, Btu/ft279 79 NAANAANAAMaximum heat release rate, max, Btu/min-ft2106 106 NAANAANAASpecific Optical Smoke Density, Dm, maxnon-flaming modeflaming mode51051051051055Total Hydrogen Halide (HCl, HBr, and
44、HF) Gases in Smoke, Flaming Exposure,max, ppm (Above background for empty chamber)10 10 10 10 10Toxic Gas Generation: max, ppmCO 300 300 300 300 300HCN 55555HFHCl 10 10 10 10 10HBr 55555SO2NOx 10 10 10 10 10Acoustical Absorption Coefficient 2 in. thickness, min Noise ReductionCoefficient (NRC)0.75 0
45、.70 0.75 0.85 0.70ANA = not applicableBThe material shall not melt, drip, or flow when tested as required.C1482093acoustic performance required for the material in this specifi-cation. Material used for repairs shall be of the same compo-sition and quality as undamaged material. The acceptance oftyp
46、e and amount of repair shall be as agreed upon by thesupplier and the user.8. Sampling8.1 SamplingThe insulation shall be sampled in accor-dance with Practice C 390. Otherwise, specific provisions forsampling shall be as agreed upon between the user and thesupplier.8.2 SpecimenFor polymide foam insu
47、lation, specimens ofdimensions 12 in. by 12 in. by 1 in. (300 mm by 300 mm by25 mm) are sufficient for purposes of acceptance inspection ofsamples.9. Qualification Requirements9.1 The following requirements are generally employed forinitial material or product qualification:9.1.1 Upper Temperature L
48、imit79.1.2 Tensile Strength9.1.3 Compressive Strength9.1.4 Compression Set9.1.5 Chemical Resistance9.1.6 Apparent Thermal Conductivity at 75 F (24 C)9.1.7 Specific Optical Smoke Density9.1.8 Hydrogen Halide Gases in Smoke9.1.9 Surface Burning Characteristics9.1.10 Radiant Panel Surface Flammability9
49、.1.11 Heat Release Rate9.1.12 Sound Absorption Coefficients10. Inspection10.1 The following requirements are generally employedfor acceptance sampling of lots or shipments of qualifiedpolyimide foam insulation:TABLE 2 Polyimide Foam Classification (SI units)TYPE IGrade 1TYPE IGrade 2TYPE IV TYPE V TYPE VIDensity, max, kg/m37.7 7.7 5.9 8.8 8.0Maximum Apparent Thermal Conductivity W/m-K150 C 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.02050 C 0.033 0.032 0.033 0.033 0.03324 C 0.046 0.042 0.049 0.043 0.049100 C 0.074 0.068 0.078 0.068 0.072180 C 0
