1、Designation: C 302 95 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Test Method forDensity and Dimensions of Preformed Pipe-Covering-TypeThermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 302; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test me
3、thod covers the determination of the dimen-sions and density, after conditioning, of preformed pipe insu-lation.1.1.1 ProcedureAis applicable to sections of one-piece pipecovering or to sections of segmental pipe covering that can bejoined together concentrically and measured as one-piece.1.1.2 Proc
4、edure B is applicable to segmental pipe coveringwhere each section of material is measured.1.1.3 Procedure C is applicable to sections of one-piece pipecovering, such as soft foam or mineral wool materials, whereit is possible to penetrate the material.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are t
5、o be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices a
6、nd determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanketor Batt Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statemen
7、tsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC 870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-terialsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsSee Terminology C 168.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The material t
8、o be tested is conditioned to constantweight. The density of the pipe insulation is calculated from theconditioned mass and measured dimensions.5. Significance and Use5.1 Density measurements of preformed pipe insulation areuseful in determining compliance of a product with specifica-tion limits and
9、 in providing a relative gage of product weights.For any one kind of insulation some important physical andmechanical properties, such as thermal conductivity, heatcapacity, strength, etc., bear a specific relationship with itsdensity; however, on a density basis, these properties are notdirectly co
10、mparable with those for other kinds of material.5.2 The physical dimensions of preformed pipe insulationare important quantities not only for determining the density ofthe pipe insulation but also for determining the conformance tospecifications. The use of multilayer insulations is common,and the d
11、imensions are necessary to ensure proper nesting ofthe layers.6. Apparatus6.1 Flexible Steel Rule, graduated in132-in. or 1.0-mmintervals.6.2 Scale, with sufficient capacity to weigh the specimen towithin 0.01 lb or 5 g.6.3 Pin Probe, as defined in Test Methods C 167.6.4 Steel Rule, graduated in132-
12、in. or 1.0-mm intervals.6.5 Stainless Steel Shim Stock, 2 in. (75 mm) wide, longerthan the circumference of the pipe insulation, and 0.010 in.(0.25 mm) thick.6.6 Pi Tape, graduated to read a diameter directly to thenearest132 in. or 1.0 mm.6.7 Pieces of Pipe, on which to install the pipe insulationu
13、nder test (only required for Procedure 3).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on MechanicalProperties.Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originallyapproved in 1952. La
14、st previous edition approved in 2002 as C 302 95 (Reap-proved 2001)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM
15、 website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7. Test Specimen7.1 The test specimen shall be of a commercial size.7.2 If sectional pipe segments are to be used for Procedures1 or 3, the sections shall be joined together to
16、 form a hollowcylinder.8. Conditioning8.1 Remove any jacket on the specimen unless it is of a typethat would cause disintegration of the specimen upon removal.8.2 Condition the specimen to constant mass in accordancewith Practice C 870.9. ProceduresProcedure A9.1 One-Piece Pipe Section:9.1.1 Weigh t
17、he conditioned pipe section to the nearest 0.01lb or 5 g.9.1.2 Measure the length of the specimen in six locations,uniformly spaced around its circumference, to the nearest132in. or 1.0 mm.9.1.3 Measure the circumference of the specimen in sixlocations, uniformly spaced along its length, to the near
18、est132in. or 1.0 mm.9.1.4 Measure the wall thickness at six locations, uniformlyspaced, three on each end of the specimen, to the nearest132 in.or 1.0 mm.Procedure B9.2 Segmental Pipe Sections:9.2.1 Weigh the conditioned segmental pipe section to thenearest 0.01 lb or 5 g.9.2.2 Measure the length of
19、 the arc formed by the outersurface of the specimen at six locations, uniformly spacedalong its length, to the nearest132 in. or 1.0 mm.9.2.3 Measure the length of the arc formed by the innersurface of the specimen at six locations, uniformly spacedalong its length, to the nearest132 in. or 1.0 mm.9
20、.2.4 Measure the length of the specimen in six locations,uniformly spaced around the outer surface, to the nearest132 in.or 1.0 mm.9.2.5 Measure the wall thickness at six locations, uniformlyspaced, one on each end and two on each side of the specimen,to the nearest132 in. or 1.0 mm.Procedure C9.3 N
21、on-Rigid Pipe Insulations:9.3.1 Weigh the conditioned pipe section to the nearest 0.01lb or 5 g.9.3.2 Place the insulation on a pipe of the same outsidediameter as the nominal inside diameter of the specimen, andtie in place. Support the ends of the pipe such that the specimenis not resting on a sur
22、face.9.3.3 Measure the length of the specimen in six locations,uniformly spaced around its circumference, to the nearest132in. or 1.0 mm.9.3.4 Measure the diameter of the specimen in six locations,uniformly spaced along its length, to the nearest132 in. or 1.0mm, using the Pi tape. In order to avoid
23、 compressing theinsulation specimens under the Pi tape, wrap the shim stockaround the specimen and use the Pi tape over the shim stock.Subtract twice the thickness of the shim stock from thediameter measured and convert the diameter to a circumferenceby multiplying the average diameter by p.9.3.5 Me
24、asure the wall thickness at six locations, uniformlyspaced along the length of the specimen and uniformly spacedaround its surface, using the pin probe of 6.3, to the nearest132in. or 1.0 mm.10. Calculations10.1 Calculate the volume of the specimen using one of thefollowing equations:10.1.1 Procedur
25、es A and C:V 5 LtC 2pt!/1728 (1)where:V = volume of the specimen, ft3,L = average length of the specimen, in.,t = average thickness of the specimen, in., andC = average circumference of the specimen, in.orV 5 LtC 2pt! 3 102 9(2)C 302 95 (2007)2where:V = isinm3, and L, t, and C are in mm.NOTE 1If the
26、 jacket is not removed before measuring the outercircumference, deduct twice the jacket thickness times p from themeasured circumference.10.1.2 Procedure B:V 5 LtAo1 Ai!/3456 (3)where:V = volume of the specimen, ft3,L = average length of the specimen, in.,t = average thickness of the specimen, in.,A
27、o= average outer arc length of the specimen, in., andAi= average inner arc length of the specimen, in.orV 512Lt Ao1 Ai! X 1029(4)where:V = is in m3 and,L,T,Ao andAi = are in mm10.2 Calculate the density of the specimen from the condi-tioned mass and the calculated volume, and express the resultsin p
28、ounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic metre.NOTE 2If the jacket was not removed before weighing and measur-ing, deduct the mass of the jacket from the specimen mass. If the specimenwill be used for additional testing, a jacket from a specimen from the samesample will have to be sacrificed to m
29、easure the mass per lineal foot of thejacket.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 The average dimensions of the pipe insulation,11.1.2 The density of the specimen in pounds per cubic footor kilograms per cubic metre,11.1.3 The average thickness to the nearest132 in. or 1.0mm. State
30、 whether or not the jacket was removed,11.1.4 Individual dimensions and mass measurements onlywhen specified, and11.1.5 Preconditioning and conditioning temperatures andrelative humidities used in Section 8, unless they are specifiedin a separate standard.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Precision (Proced
31、ure A)The multi-laboratory 95 %repeatability limit for three materials was found to be 6.16 %,and the 95 % reproducibility limit was found to be 9.13 %when the round robin results were analyzed using PracticeE 691.12.2 Precision (Procedure B)Both the multi-laboratoryand single-operator coefficients
32、of variation were found to be1.3 %(Note 3). Therefore, the results on identical samples bytwo different laboratories or the results of two tests on identicalmaterial by the same operator should not differ by more than3.7 % on their average.NOTE 3(For Procedure 2 only), the percentage variation repre
33、sents,respectively, the (1s) and (D2s) limits.12.3 Precision (Procedure C)The multi-laboratory 95 %repeatability limit for three materials was found to be 6.10 %and the 95 % reproducibility limit was found to be 7.67 %when the round robin results were analyzed using PracticeE 691.12.4 BiasThe proced
34、ures in this test method for measur-ing the dimensions and the density of preformed pipe covering-type thermal insulation have no bias because no materialhaving an accepted reference value is available.13. Keywords13.1 pipe insulation density; pipe insulation dimensions;thermal insulationASTM Intern
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38、ards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C 302 95 (2007)3
