1、Designation: C 32 05American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M91-78Standard Specification forSewer and Manhole Brick (Made From Clay or Shale)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 32; the number immediately following the designation indicate
2、s the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of th
3、e Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in (1)drainage structures for the conveyance of sewage, industrialwastes, and storm water, and (2) related structures such asmanholes and catch basins.1.1.1 Sewer Brick:1.1.1.1 Grade SSBrick intended for use in str
4、ucturesrequiring low absorption and resistance to the action of sewagecarrying large quantities of abrasive material at velocitiesexceeding 8 ft (2.4 m)/s.1.1.1.2 Grade SMBrick intended for use in structuresrequiring resistance to the action of sewage carrying abrasivematerials at velocities less th
5、an 8 ft (2.4 m)/s.1.1.2 Manhole Brick:1.1.2.1 Grade MSBrick intended for use in manholes andcatch basins not requiring high degrees of abrasive resistancebut where a high and uniform degree of resistance to frostaction and disintegration is needed when the brick may befrozen when permeated with wate
6、r.1.1.2.2 Grade MMBrick intended for use in manholes notrequiring high degrees of abrasive resistance but where amoderate and nonuniform degree of resistance to frost actionand disintegration is needed when the brick may be permeatedwith water.1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at
7、thetime of purchase. The use of results from testing of brickextracted from masonry structures for determining conform-ance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section3) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.1.3 Brick covered by this standard are manufactured fromclay, s
8、hale, or similar naturally occurring substances andsubjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing).The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond betweenthe particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-bility requirements of this specification. (See firing and fir
9、edbond in Terminology C43.)1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound unitsgiven in parentheses may be approximate.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C43 Terminology of Structural Clay ProductsC67 Test Methods for Samplin
10、g and Testing Brick andStructural Clay Tile3. Physical Properties3.1 Brick for sewer or drainage structures shall conform tothe physical properties for the specified Grades SS or SM asestablished in Table 1.3.2 Brick for manholes, catch basins, and other relatedstructures shall conform to the physic
11、al properties for thespecified Grades MS or MM as established in Table 1.3.3 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, brick ofGrade SS shall be accepted instead of Grade SM; also GradeMS shall be accepted instead of Grade MM.3.4 Unless otherwise specified in the invitation for bids,brick shall b
12、e either solid or cored at the option of the seller.The net cross-sectional area of cored brick in any plane parallelto the bearing surface shall be at least 75 % of the grosscross-sectional area measured in the same plane. No part of anyhole shall be less than34 in. (19 mm) from any edge of thebric
13、k.4. Dimensions and Permissible Variations4.1 The size of the brick shall be specified by the purchaser,selecting any of the standard sizes of building brick.4.2 For any lot of sewer brick furnished under this specifi-cation, not more than 2 % of the brick shall vary from thenominal size requirement
14、s specified in 4.1 by more than 6181This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2005. Published January 2006. Originallyappro
15、ved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C 3204.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
16、.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.in. (3 mm) in either transverse dimension, or by more than614 in. (6 mm) in length.5. Finish and Appearance5.1 Sewer b
17、rick shall have plain or smooth surfaces on bothends and on the face side.5.2 Manhole brick shall have plain, slightly, or moderatelytextured surfaces.6. Sampling and Testing6.1 The brick shall be sampled and tested in accordancewith applicable sections in Test Methods C67.6.2 The manufacturer or th
18、e seller shall furnish specimensfor tests. The place or places of selection are to be designatedwhen the purchase order is placed.NOTE 1Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the cost oftests is typically borne as follows: If the results of the test show that brickdo not conform to the re
19、quirements of this specification, the cost istypically borne by the seller. If the results of the tests show that the brickdo conform to the requirements of this specification, the cost is typicallyborne by the purchaser.7. Inspection7.1 The brick, as delivered to the site, shall conform byvisual in
20、spection to the requirements specified by the purchaseror to the sample or samples approved as standard of compari-son and to the samples passing the tests for physical require-ments. Minor indentions and surface cracks incidental to theusual methods of manufacture, or the small chipping resultingfr
21、om the customary methods of handling in shipment anddelivery, should not be deemed grounds for rejection.7.2 Brick shall be of rectangular cross section with substan-tially straight edges and square corners.7.3 Kiln marks or depressions not exceeding316 in. (5 mm)in depth shall be permitted on the b
22、ackside of the brick.8. Keywords8.1 brick; clay; drainage structures; industrial waste; man-hole brick; physical properties; sewer brick; sewers; shale;storm waterSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C15 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (C 32 04)that may i
23、mpact the use of this standard.(1) Section 6 was revised to remove wording on cost and beconsistent with other C 15.02 standards.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard ar
24、e expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not
25、revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which yo
26、u may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United
27、 States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Physical PropertiesDesignationMinimum Compre
28、ssive Strength,Average Gross Area, psi (MPa)Maximum Water Absorptionby 5-h Boiling, %Averageof 5 BrickIndividualAverageof 5 BrickIndividualSewer brick:Grade SSGrade SMA8000 (55)5000 (34)6000 (41)3750 (26)6.012.09.015.0Manhole brick:Grade MSAGrade MMB3000 (21)2500 (17)2500 (17)2200 (15)17.022.020.025
29、.0AWhere a high and uniform degree of resistance to frost action in the presenceof moisture is required, Grades SM and MS shall conform to the additionalrequirements that the saturation coefficient (C/B), that is, ratio of absorption by24-h submersion in cold water to that after 5-h submersion in bo
30、iling water, shallnot exceed 0.80. If the average compressive strength is greater than 8000 psi orthe average water absorption is less than 8.0 % after 24-h submersion in coldwater, the requirement for saturation coefficient shall be waived.BMaximum saturation coefficient for Grade MM brick shall not exceed 0.90.C32052
