1、Designation: C 35 01 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forInorganic Aggregates for Use in Gypsum Plaster1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 35; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers perlite, ver
3、miculite, naturaland manufactured sand for use as gypsum plaster aggregates.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This
4、standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The text of this spe
5、cification references notes andfootnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C11 Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Build-ing
6、 Materials and SystemsC 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Density (Unit Weight)and Voids in AggregateC40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggre-gates for ConcreteC 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC 471M Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Gypsumand Gypsum Produ
7、ctsD75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesE11 Specification for Wire-Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions shall be in accordance with TerminologyC11.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 manufactured sand, nthe fine material resultingfrom the crushing and
8、 classification by screening, or otherwise,of rock, gravel, or blast furnace slag.3.2.2 natural sand, nthe fine granular material resultingfrom the natural disintegration of rock or from the crushing offriable sandstone.3.2.3 perlite aggregate, na siliceous volcanic glass ex-panded by heat.3.2.4 ver
9、miculite aggregate, na micaceous mineral ex-panded by heat.4. Chemical Composition4.1 Water-soluble impurities in sand shall not exceed 0.15weight % and sodium ion content shall not exceed 0.02 weight% when tested in accordance with Section 7.4.2 Sand shall develop a color no darker than the standar
10、d,when subjected to the colorimetric test for organic impurities inaccordance with Test Method C40, unless it is established byadequate tests that the impurities causing the color are notharmful in plaster.5. Mechanical Requirements5.1 GradingShall be as follows when tested in accor-dance with Secti
11、on 7:5.1.1 Perlite and vermiculite shall be graded within thelimits specified in Table 1.5.1.2 Natural and Manufactured SandShall be gradedwith not more than 50 % retained between any two consecutivesieves shown in Table 1, nor more than 25 % between the No.50 (300 m) and No. 100 (150 m) sieves.5.2
12、Density:5.2.1 Perlite shall have a density of not less than 6 nor morethan 12 lb/ft3(96 to 192 kg/m3) when tested in accordance withTest Method C 29/C 29M using the shoveling procedure.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 onGypsum and Related Building Materials and Sys
13、tems and is the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee C11.02 on Specifications and Test Methods for Accessories andRelated Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 35 01.2For referenced ASTM standa
14、rds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
15、 19428-2959, United States.5.2.2 Vermiculite shall have a density of not less than 6 normore than 10 lb/ft3(96 to 160 kg/m3) when tested in accordancewith Test Method C 29/C 29M using the shoveling procedure.6. Sampling6.1 ApparatusSuitable thief tube.6.2 Bulk AggregateObtain specimens of sand in ac
16、cor-dance with Practice D75.6.3 Bagged AggregateObtain from 1 bag randomly se-lected from each 100 bags but not less than 6 bags from theshipment. For smaller shipments, not less than 6 % of thenumber of bags shall constitute the sample.6.3.1 Secure specimens by inserting a suitable thief tube thefu
17、ll distance between diagonally opposite corners of the bagwith the bag lying in a horizontal position. Combine theportions to produce a composite specimen having a volume notless than 1 ft3(0.028 m3). Prepare and test not less than 1composite specimen separately for each 2000 bags of aggre-gate.6.4
18、Reduce specimens obtained in accordance with 6.2 or6.3 by quartering or riffling to obtain specimens of proper sizefor individual tests.7. Test Methods7.1 Apparatus:7.1.1 SieveSpecification E11, Nos. 4, 8, 16, 30, 50, 100,200 (4.75, 2.36, 1.18 mm, 600 m, 300 m, 150 m, 15 m).7.1.2 Graduated 250 mL Cy
19、linder.7.1.3 250 mL Beaker.7.1.4 Tared Evaporating Dish.7.1.5 Fast Paper Filter.7.1.6 100 mL Volumetric Flask.7.1.7 Deionized Water.7.1.8 Spatula.7.1.9 Weighing Scale.7.1.10 Oven.7.1.11 Desiccator.7.1.12 Mechanical Shaker.7.1.13 500 mL Graduated Cylinder.7.2 Sieve Analysis for SandUse Test Method C
20、136.7.3 Sieve Analysis for Perlite or VermiculiteUse TestMethod C 136 except as modified as follows:7.3.1 Use a specimen of 500 mL bulk volume.7.3.1.1 Measure the volume of each sieve fraction in a 250mL graduated cylinder. Pour the specimen loosely into thegraduate without tamping or shaking. Level
21、 the surface with aspatula and read the volume to within 62 mL.7.3.2 Express the volumes of the individual sieve fractionsas percentages of the sum of the volumes of all fractions.7.3.3 Calculate the cumulative percentages on each desig-nated sieve by summing the individual percentages of allfractio
22、ns larger than that sieve.7.4 Density of Lightweight Aggregate Test Method C 29/C 29M; use shoveling procedure.7.5 Water Soluble Impurities of Sand:7.5.1 Significance and UseImpurities can affect the set-ting properties, strength, and bond performance of gypsumplaster. These procedures determine the
23、 water soluble impuri-ties of the sand being evaluated.7.5.2 Apparatus:7.5.2.1 Analytical Balance, with a precision of 0.0001 g.7.5.2.2 Balance, capable of weighing at least 10 g to aprecision of 0.1 g.7.5.2.3 Desiccator, containing calcium chloride or equiva-lent desiccant.7.5.2.4 Drying Oven, capa
24、ble of being controlled to 250F(121C).7.5.2.5 Filter PaperA “fast” filter paper shall be used.37.5.2.6 Atomic Absorption or Ion Chromatography Equip-ment.7.5.2.7 Mechanical Shaker.7.5.3 Procedure (Water Soluble Impurities):7.5.3.1 Weigh approximately 10 g of air-dried sand andrecord the weight to 0.
25、1 g. Transfer to a 250-mL beaker. Add100 mL of distilled water. Heat to boiling and allow to simmeron a hot plate for 5 min. Filter through a fast paper into a taredevaporating dish. Wash with hot distilled water until thevolume of filtrate is about 125 mL. Evaporate to dryness in anoven without all
26、owing the temperature of the dish to rise above250F (121C). Cool residue in a dessicator, weigh to 0.001 gand calculate the percentage of residue on the initial weight ofsand.7.5.3.2 ReportReport percentage as water soluble impu-rities.7.5.3.3 Precision and BiasNo estimate of the precision orbias, o
27、r both, is available at this time.7.5.4 Procedure (Sodium Ion Content):7.5.4.1 Weigh approximately5gofsand and record theweight to 0.01 g. Transfer to 100-mL volumetric flask. Addapproximately 80 mL of deionized water to the flask. Shake ona mechanical shaker for 4 h. Remove and bring to a full volu
28、mewith deionized water and allow to settle. Analyze for Na ionaccording to general atomic absorption in accordance with TestMethods C 471M or ion chromatography procedures.43The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis VWR Scientific. If you are aware of alternati
29、ve suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.4The sole source of supply of ion chromatographs known to the committee atthis time is Dionex Inc.
30、, Sunnyvale, CA. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your com-ments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technicalcommittee,1which you may attend.TABLE 1 Grading RequirementsSieve SizePercentage R
31、etained on Each Sieve, CumulativePerlite,by volumeVermiculite,by volumeSand,by weightMax Min Max Min Max MinNo. 4 (4.75-mm) 0 . 0 . 0 .No. 8 (2.36-mm) 5 0 10 0 5 0No. 16 (1.18-mm) 60 5 75 40 30 5No. 30 (600-m) 95 45 95 65 65 30No. 50 (300-m) 98 75 98 75 95 65No. 100 (150-m) 100 85 100 90 100 90No. 2
32、00 (15-m) 100 95C 35 01 (2005)2NOTE 1To minimize contamination, care must be exercised to be sureall equipment is clean.7.5.4.2 Calculation and ReportCalculate and report thepercent Na as follows:Curve concentration 3 any dilution factorg/g 53 100 mL final volumeinitial weight of sampleg/g10 0005 %
33、metal ion Na1!7.5.4.3 Precision and BiasNo estimate of the precision orbias is available at this time.7.5.5 Organic ImpuritiesTest Method C40.8. Inspection8.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the producer or supplier as part of thepurchase agreement.9. Rejecti
34、on and Rehearing9.1 Rejection of material shall be reported to the producer orsupplier within ten working days from the receipt of theshipment by the purchaser. Rejection of the material shall bebased either on the specific cause of failure to conform to therequirements of this specification or the
35、failure of the materialto meet the minimum weight or approximate volume as statedon the shipment.9.2 Failure to meet the minimum weight or approximatevolume shall be determined as follows:9.2.1 Individual Packages:9.2.1.1 The contents, on a weight basis, are 5 % less thanthat indicated on the packag
36、es, or9.2.1.2 The contents, on a volume basis, are 10 % less thanthat indicated on the package.9.2.2 The Entire Shipment:9.2.2.1 On a weight basis when the average contents of 2packages for each 100 but not less than 6 packages selected atrandom, in any one shipment, are less than that indicated on
37、thepackage. The net weight of the contents shall be determined byweighing the package or packages and deducting the weight ofthe container.9.2.2.2 On a volume basis when the average contents of 2packages for each 100 but not less than 6 packages selected atrandom, in any one shipment, differ by more
38、 than 5 % more or10 % less from that indicated on the package. The volume ofthe contents in the package shall be calculated by determiningthe weight of the contents of the package and then obtainingthe weight per unit of volume of the aggregate, from anaverage weight package of the samples selected
39、in 6.3.1,bytheshoveling procedure given in Test Method C 29/C 29M, andthen dividing the weight of the contents of the bag by the unitof volume of the aggregate.10. Certification10.1 When specified in the purchase order, the producers orsuppliers certification shall be furnished to the purchaserstati
40、ng that the material was prepared or manufactured inaccordance with this specification and has been found to meetthe specified requirements.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 When lightweight aggregates covered by this specifi-cation are delivered in packages, the name of the type ofaggregate, an
41、d minimum weight and approximate volume ofthe contents shall be plainly indicated thereon.11.2 When delivered in bulk quantities, the bill of ladingshall show the quantity by weight or unit of volume, and thename of the supplier.11.2.1 Bulk materials shall be delivered in clean transportvessels, fre
42、e of contaminants.12. Keywords12.1 aggregates; gypsum plaster; inorganic; manufacturedsand; natural sand; perlite; vermiculiteASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are e
43、xpressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not rev
44、ised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you m
45、ay attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C 35 01 (2005)3
