1、Designation: C 444 03Standard Specification forPerforated Concrete Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 444; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses i
2、ndicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers perforated concrete pipe in-tended to be used for
3、underdrainage.1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C 444has been developedC 444M; therefore, no metric equivalentsare presented in this specification.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProducts23. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor
4、 definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shallbe of two classes known as Type 1 and Type 2, which covertwo arrangements of perforations to be used with pipe manu-factured according to any of the sta
5、ndard specifications forplain or reinforced concrete pipe, and any of the classificationswithin those standard specifications.4.1.1 Type 1 perforated pipe shall have circular perforationsconforming to 6.1 and Table 1.4.1.2 Type 2 perforated pipe shall have slotted perforationsconforming to 6.2 and T
6、able 2.4.1.3 It is intended that perforated pipe shall be specified byreference to this specification and the specification for the typeand class of pipe desired.NOTE 1Example “Perforated concrete pipe shall conform to therequirements of Specification C 444 Type 2, and all applicable require-ments o
7、f Specification C 14, Class 2.”5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by theresults of all applicable tests (Note 2) prescribed for the typeand class of pipe specified, and by inspection to determinewhether the pipe conforms to this specification as to design and
8、freedom from defects.NOTE 2It is intended that all tests will be applicable except thosehaving to do with permeability and the hydrostatic test.6. Perforations6.1 Type 1Perforations shall be circular, not more than516in. or less than316 in. in diameter, and arranged in rows parallelto the axis of th
9、e pipe. Perforations shall be 3 in. center-to-center, along rows. The spigot or tongue end shall not beperforated for a length equal to the depth of the socket, or depth1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitte
10、e C13.01 onNonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Drain, and Irrigation Pipe.Current edition approved January 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 1995 as C 444 95.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.TABLE 1 Number of Rows of Perforations Required
11、Internal Designated DiameterRows of Perforationsin.44648410 612 614 615 616 618 820 821 824 827 and larger space rows approximately 6 in.TABLE 2 Requirements for Length and Spacing of SlotsInternal Designated Diameter Slot Length Slot SpacingAin. in. in.4136112 382410 2 412 3 614 3 615 3 616 3 618 3
12、 620 3 621 3 624 3 627 and larger46ASee 6.2 for exceptions for plain-end pipe.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.of the groove plus34 in. and perforations shall continue atuniform spacing along the entire length of the b
13、arrel. The totalnumber of rows shall be as shown in Table 1. The rows shall bespaced over not more than 165 of circumference. Rows shallbe symmetrically arranged with respect to the intended top orbottom of the pipe.6.2 Type 2Slots shall be circumferential in direction, notmore than316 in. or less t
14、han18 in. in width, and of the lengthsshown in Table 2. There shall be two rows of slots, spaced 165apart, and centered, in the case of elliptically reinforced pipe,about the minor axis of the reinforcing. Slots shall be spaced asshown in Table 2, except as modified herein for plain-end pipe.The dis
15、tance from the spigot end, or from the shoulder of thetongue end, to the first pair of slots shall be not more than 1 in.greater than the specified slot spacing, nor less than 1 in. lessthan the specified slot spacing. Slots shall continue at uniformspacing along the length of the barrel.6.2.1 Slots
16、 in plain-end pipe shall be spaced as shown inTable 2 except that smaller spacing shall be used wherenecessary to provide not less than three equally spaced slots ineach row. Slots shall be centered with respect to the ends of thepipe and there shall be not more than the specified slot spacingfrom t
17、he pipe end to the first pair of slots, or less than one halfof the slot spacing employed.6.3 The manufacturer shall submit to the owner for ap-proval, prior to manufacture, sizes and arrangements of perfo-rations other than specified herein.7. Joints7.1 The joints shall be of such design and the en
18、ds of theconcrete pipe sections so formed that the pipe can be laidtogether to make a continuous line of pipe compatible with thepermissible variations given in Section 8.8. Permissible Variation in Dimensions8.1 The permissible variation in circular perforation size orslot width shall be as specifi
19、ed in Section 6. Slot lengthtolerance is +14 in. or 18 in. Variation in row spacing, or inthe spacing of holes or slots in any row, shall be 612 in. exceptas required to provide specified cover for reinforcing steel.9. Repairs9.1 Pipe repaired because of imperfections in manufactureor damage during
20、handling, will be acceptable, if in the opinionof the owner, the repairs are sound and properly finished andcured and the repaired pipe conforms to the requirements ofthis specification.10. Marking of Rejected Specimens10.1 All rejected pipe shall be marked clearly by the ownerand shall be replaced
21、by the manufacturer with pipe that willmeet the requirements of this specification, without additionalcost to the owner.11. Inspection11.1 The quality of all materials and the finished pipe shallbe subject to inspection and approval by the owner. Suchinspection shall be performed at the point of man
22、ufacture ordelivery. The method of marking as to acceptance or rejectionof the pipe shall be agreed upon, prior to inspection, betweenthe owner and manufacturer. Rejected pipe shall be replaced bythe manufacturer with pipe that meets the requirements of thisspecification.12. Rejection12.1 Pipe shall
23、 be subject to rejection on account of any ofthe applicable causes for rejection listed for the type and classof pipe specified, or on account of any of the following:12.1.1 Variations in dimensions exceeding those specified inSections 6 and 8, or12.1.2 Any spall more than34 in. in diameter or316 in
24、. indepth caused by making perforations or slots.13. Keywords13.1 concrete pipe; perforated; subsurface drainage;underdrainageASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are e
25、xpressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not rev
26、ised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you m
27、ay attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C444032
