1、Designation: C 444 03 (Reapproved 2009)Standard Specification forPerforated Concrete Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 444; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe
2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers perforated concrete pipe in-tende
3、d to be used for underdrainage.1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion toSpecification C 444M; therefore, no SI equivalents are pre-sented in the specification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility
4、 of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProducts3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor defin
5、itions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shallbe of two classes known as Type 1 and Type 2, which covertwo arrangements of perforations to be used with pipe manu-factured according to any of the standard
6、specifications forplain or reinforced concrete pipe, and any of the classificationswithin those standard specifications.4.1.1 Type 1 perforated pipe shall have circular perforationsconforming to 6.1 and Table 1.4.1.2 Type 2 perforated pipe shall have slotted perforationsconforming to 6.2 and Table 2
7、.4.1.3 It is intended that perforated pipe shall be specified byreference to this specification and the specification for the typeand class of pipe desired.NOTE 1Example “Perforated concrete pipe shall conform to therequirements of Specification C 444 Type 2, and all applicable require-ments of Spec
8、ification C 14, Class 2.”5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by theresults of all applicable tests (Note 2) prescribed for the typeand class of pipe specified, and by inspection to determinewhether the pipe conforms to this specification as to design andfreedo
9、m from defects.NOTE 2It is intended that all tests will be applicable except thosehaving to do with permeability and the hydrostatic test.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.01 onNon-Reinforced Concr
10、ete Sewer, Drain and Irrigation Pipe.Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approvedin 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 444 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. Fo
11、r Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Number of Rows of Perforations RequiredInternal Designated DiameterRows of Perforationsin.44648410 612 614 615 616 618 820 821 824 827 and larger space rows approximately 6 in.T
12、ABLE 2 Requirements for Length and Spacing of SlotsInternal Designated Diameter Slot Length Slot SpacingAin. in. in.4136112 382410 2 412 3 614 3 615 3 616 3 618 3 620 3 621 3 624 3 627 and larger46ASee 6.2 for exceptions for plain-end pipe.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
13、 C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Perforations6.1 Type 1Perforations shall be circular, not more than516in. or less than316 in. in diameter, and arranged in rows parallelto the axis of the pipe. Perforations shall be 3 in. center-to-center, along rows. The spigot or tongue en
14、d shall not beperforated for a length equal to the depth of the socket, or depthof the groove plus34 in. and perforations shall continue atuniform spacing along the entire length of the barrel. The totalnumber of rows shall be as shown in Table 1. The rows shall bespaced over not more than 165 of ci
15、rcumference. Rows shallbe symmetrically arranged with respect to the intended top orbottom of the pipe.6.2 Type 2Slots shall be circumferential in direction, notmore than316 in. or less than18 in. in width, and of the lengthsshown in Table 2. There shall be two rows of slots, spaced 165apart, and ce
16、ntered, in the case of elliptically reinforced pipe,about the minor axis of the reinforcing. Slots shall be spaced asshown in Table 2, except as modified herein for plain-end pipe.The distance from the spigot end, or from the shoulder of thetongue end, to the first pair of slots shall be not more th
17、an 1 in.greater than the specified slot spacing, nor less than 1 in. lessthan the specified slot spacing. Slots shall continue at uniformspacing along the length of the barrel.6.2.1 Slots in plain-end pipe shall be spaced as shown inTable 2 except that smaller spacing shall be used wherenecessary to
18、 provide not less than three equally spaced slots ineach row. Slots shall be centered with respect to the ends of thepipe and there shall be not more than the specified slot spacingfrom the pipe end to the first pair of slots, or less than one halfof the slot spacing employed.6.3 The manufacturer sh
19、all submit to the owner for ap-proval, prior to manufacture, sizes and arrangements of perfo-rations other than specified herein.7. Joints7.1 The joints shall be of such design and the ends of theconcrete pipe sections so formed that the pipe can be laidtogether to make a continuous line of pipe com
20、patible with thepermissible variations given in Section 8.8. Permissible Variation in Dimensions8.1 The permissible variation in circular perforation size orslot width shall be as specified in Section 6. Slot lengthtolerance is +14 in. or 18 in. Variation in row spacing, or inthe spacing of holes or
21、 slots in any row, shall be 612 in. exceptas required to provide specified cover for reinforcing steel.9. Repairs9.1 Pipe repaired because of imperfections in manufactureor damage during handling, will be acceptable, if in the opinionof the owner, the repairs are sound and properly finished andcured
22、 and the repaired pipe conforms to the requirements ofthis specification.10. Marking of Rejected Specimens10.1 All rejected pipe shall be marked clearly by the ownerand shall be replaced by the manufacturer with pipe that willmeet the requirements of this specification, without additionalcost to the
23、 owner.11. Inspection11.1 The quality of all materials and the finished pipe shallbe subject to inspection and approval by the owner. Suchinspection shall be performed at the point of manufacture ordelivery. The method of marking as to acceptance or rejectionof the pipe shall be agreed upon, prior t
24、o inspection, betweenthe owner and manufacturer. Rejected pipe shall be replaced bythe manufacturer with pipe that meets the requirements of thisspecification.12. Rejection12.1 Pipe shall be subject to rejection on account of any ofthe applicable causes for rejection listed for the type and classof
25、pipe specified, or on account of any of the following:12.1.1 Variations in dimensions exceeding those specified inSections 6 and 8,or12.1.2 Any spall more than34 in. in diameter or316 in. indepth caused by making perforations or slots.13. Keywords13.1 concrete pipe; perforated; subsurface drainage;u
26、nderdrainageASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such
27、 rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additi
28、onal standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the
29、ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C 444 03 (2009)2
