1、Designation: C508/C508M 00 (Reapproved 2009)1American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M189-81IStandard Specification forAsbestos-Cement Underdrain Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C508/C508M; the number immediately following the desig
2、nation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was corrected editor
3、ially in March 2010.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers asbestos-cement perforatedand plain pipe intended for use in the conveyance of drainagewater for the subsurface drainage of highways, airports, farms,foundations, and other similar drainage work.1.2 The text of this standard references notes
4、and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach sys
5、tem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theres
6、ponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C150 Specification for Portland CementC458 Test Method for Organic Fiber Content of Asbest
7、os-Cement ProductsC500 Test Methods for Asbestos-Cement PipeC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC608 Method of Test for Brittle Ring Tensile Strength ofChemically Setting Silicate and Silica Chemical-ResistantMortars3C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan
8、 for Use in ConcreteD2946 Terminology for Asbestos and AsbestosCementProducts2.2 Federal Standard:No. 123 Marking for Shipment Civil Agencies42.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage42.4 Other Standards:Uniform Freight Classification Rules5National Motor Freight Classificat
9、ion Rules63. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 coupling, ncomponent made from a larger diameterpipe of the same type or class, or of Type II and a higher class,or produced otherwise to yield at least equal performance, forjoining asbestos-cement pipe that when properly installed,forms a silt-tight jo
10、int, allows alignment corrections and slightchanges in direction, and provides an assembled joint equiva-lent in serviceability and strength to the pipe sections.3.1.2 loteach 400 m 1300 ft of pipe or less of a giventype and size manufactured on each machine during a 24-hperiod.3.2 Additional termin
11、ology is given in Terminology D2946.4. Sizes and Types4.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe furnished under thisspecification shall be known as “asbestos-cement underdrainpipe.” It shall be furnished in nominal inside diameters of 10,15, 20, 25, and 30 cm 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 in. The types of pipeshall
12、 be known as Type I and Type II corresponding to thechemical requirements given in Section 9.NOTE 1To assist the purchaser in choosing the type of pipe mostsuitable for his use, guidelines for the definition of aggressiveness of waterand of soil environments for selection of the proper type of asbes
13、tos-cement pipe are covered in the appropriate sections of Test Methods C500.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of C17.03 onAsbestos - Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved N
14、ov. 1, 2009. Published March 2010. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C508 00(2004). DOI:10.1520/C0508_C0508M-00R09E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMS
15、tandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from the Uniform Classification Commission, Room 1106,
16、 222 S.Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606.6Available from National Motor Freight Inc., 1616 P. St., N.W., Washington, DC20036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain
17、pipe shall be composed ofan intimate mixture of portland cement or portland blast-furnace slag cement described in Specification C150 or port-land blast-furnace slag or pozzolan cements described inSpecification C595 and asbestos fiber with or without finesilica or additives containing such silica m
18、eeting SpecificationC608 that is capable of reacting completely to yield calciumsilicate reaction products upon autoclaving; and asbestos fiber.The mixture shall not contain more than 0.2 % of nondelete-rious organic matter as determined by Test Method C458. Thematerial shall be of laminar construct
19、ion, formed under pres-sure to a homogeneous structure, and cured to meet thephysical and chemical requirements of this specification.6. Crushing Strength6.1 Crushing tests shall be conducted before shipment. Pipeof 30 cm 1 ft lengths cut from unmachined portions of thepipe shall have the minimum cr
20、ushing strength prescribed inTable 1 when tested in accordance with the Procedure sectionof Test Methods C500, except that when the perforatedunderdrain pipe is tested, the sample shall contain four circum-ferential rows of holes with the first row 4 cm 1.5 in. from theend. The specimen shall be tes
21、ted with the line of symmetry ofthe rows facing downward, with the rows of holes being in thelower two quadrants.6.2 In case a specimen fails to meet the crushing testrequirement, refer to 13.3.7. Couplings7.1 Each standard, short, or random length of pipe shall beprovided with a coupling for the pu
22、rpose of maintainingalignment and to ensure close joints.8. Fittings8.1 Asbestos-cement underdrain pipe fittings shall be suit-able in size, type, crushing strength, and design for the pipewith which they will be furnished.9. Chemical Requirements9.1 When tested in accordance with the Procedure sect
23、ion ofTest Methods C500, the amount of uncombined calciumhydroxide shall not exceed 1.0 % for Type II pipe.NOTE 2There are no chemical requirements for Type I Pipe.9.2 If the uncombined calcium hydroxide exceeds 1 %, referto 13.4.10. Sizes and Dimensions10.1 The nominal standard length for asbestos-
24、cement un-derdrain pipe shall be either 3 or 4 m 10 or 13 ft.Amaximumof 15 % of the total footage of any one size and type for anyorder may be furnished, at the manufacturers option, in pipelengths shorter than specified nominal, but not shorter than 2 m7 ft. These shall be termed random lengths.10.
25、2 A tolerance of 25 mm 1 in. shall apply to nominalstandard lengths, and 152 mm 6 in. shall apply to randomlengths. For billing purposes, random lengths shall be classifiedto 150-mm 6-in. increments, allowing a tolerance of + 125and 25 mm + 5 and 1 in.10.3 The average inside diameter of the pipe sha
26、ll not beless than nominal by 6 mm 0.25 in. or 112 %, whichever isgreater.11. Perforations11.1 Perforations, when required, shall be circular holes, 66 1.5 mm 0.25 6 0.05 in. in diameter, arranged in rowsparallel to the axis of the pipe. Perforations shall be approxi-mately 75 mm 3 in. center-to-cen
27、ter, along the rows. Rowsshall be arranged in two equal groups on either side of thevertical center line of the pipe, and the total number of rowsshall be as shown in Table 2. The lowermost rows of perfora-tions in each group shall be separated by an arc of 1.6 rad 90and the upper most rows of perfo
28、rations in each group shall beseparated by an arc of 2.8 rad 160. The spacing of rowsbetween these limits shall be uniform. Holes are not prohibitedfrom appearing at the ends of short and random lengths.12. Sampling12.1 All material tested under this specification shall be in anormal processed condi
29、tion and at moisture equilibrium withthe atmosphere.12.2 For crushing tests, select one full length of pipe fromeach lot of each size and type of pipe. Cut one test specimen 30cm 12 in. long from the unmachined portion of the selectedlength of pipe. (WarningWhen cutting asbestos-cementproducts minim
30、ize the dust that results. Prolonged or frequentbreathing of significant airborne concentrations of silica orasbestos dust is hazardous. When such dusts are generated,effective measures shall be taken to prevent inhalation. Refer toapproved techniques.7.)12.3 When uncombined calcium hydroxide tests
31、are re-quested (Section 9), one sample shall be taken from each lot ofpipe. The sample to be tested shall be taken from any one of thespecimens selected for the crushing test.7Available from Asbestos International Association, 1235 Jefferson DavisHighway, PMB 114, Arlington, VA 22202.TABLE 1 Crushin
32、g StrengthNominal Size Min Crushing Loadcm in. kNm lbf/ft10 4 15 100015 6 16 110020 8 19 130025 10 20 140030 12 22 1500TABLE 2 PerforationsNominal Size Rows of Perforationscm in.10 4 415 6 420 8 425 10 630 12 6C508/C508M 00 (2009)1213. Inspection and Rejection13.1 All material furnished under this s
33、pecification shallconform to the requirements stated herein and shall be sub-jected to the factory inspection and tests prescribed in thisspecification. When requested by the purchaser on his order,the manufacturer shall notify the purchaser of the time that theinspection and testing will take place
34、 so that the purchaser shallarrange for witnessing such tests and inspections at his ownexpense. In lieu of such inspection, when requested, themanufacturer shall be prepared to certify that his productconforms to the requirements of this specification.13.2 Each pipe and coupling shall be inspected
35、by themanufacturer before shipment for compliance with the stan-dards for dimensions, tolerances, and workmanship and finish(see Section 10).13.3 Failure of any specimen tested for crushing strength towithstand 75 % of the load specified in Section 6 shall be causefor rejection of the lot from which
36、 the test specimen was taken.When any specimen tested for crushing strength withstandsover 75 % but under 100 % of the load specified in Section 6,one specimen shall be cut from each of two additional pipes ofthe same lot. Failure of either of these additional specimens tomeet the strength requireme
37、nts of Section 6 shall be cause forrejection of the entire lot from which the original sample wastaken.13.4 If the results of the uncombined calcium hydroxide testshow the sample failed to meet the specification requirements,two additional specimens shall be selected and sampled fortest. The failure
38、 of one of these two additional samples to meetthe specification requirements of Section 9 shall be cause forrejection of the lot.14. Marking and Shipping14.1 Standard and Random LengthsEach standard orrandom length of pipe shall be marked clearly on the outsidesurface with the trade name, nominal i
39、nside diameter, type, anddate of manufacture in alkali resistant ink or indelible paint.14.2 All pipe and couplings, unless otherwise specified,shall be prepared for standard commercial shipment.15. Keywords15.1 asbestos-cement; drainage; perforated; pipe; subsur-face; underdrainSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIR
40、EMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply when material is supplied under thisspecification for U.S. Government procurement.S1 PackagingS1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the materialshall be packaged in accordance with the producers standardpractice which will be acce
41、ptable to the carrier at lowest rates.Containers and packing shall comply with Uniform FreightClassification Rules or National Motor Freight ClassificationRules. Marking for shipment of such material shall be inaccordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies andMIL-STD-129 for military agencies
42、.S2. Responsibility for InspectionS2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the producer is responsible for the testing of all materialto assure compliance with the requirements specified herein.Except as otherwise specified in the contract or order, theproducer shall use his
43、 own or any other suitable facilities forthe performance of the inspection and test requirements speci-fied herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The purchasershall have the right to perform any of the inspections and testsset forth in this specification where such inspections aredeemed neces
44、sary to assure that material conforms to pre-scribed requirements.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any s
45、uch patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invi
46、ted either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received
47、a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of thi
48、s standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C508/C508M 00 (2009)13
