1、Designation: C 579 01 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Methods forCompressive Strength of Chemical-Resistant Mortars,Grouts, Monolithic Surfacings, and Polymer Concretes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 579; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofori
2、ginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of
3、Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of thecompressive strength of chemical-resistant mortars, grouts,monolithic surfacings, and polymer concretes. These materialsmay be based on resin, silicate, silica, or sulfur binders.1.2 Test Method A outlines the testing procedure gen
4、erallyused for systems containing aggregate less than 0.0625 in. (1.6mm) in size. Test Method B covers the testing proceduregenerally used for systems containing aggregate from 0.0625to 0.4 in. (1.6 to 10 mm) in size. Test Method C is used forsystems containing aggregate larger than 0.4 in.1.3 These
5、 test methods provide two different methods forcontrolling the testing rate.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. Within this text, the SI units shown in parenthesesare provided for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety con
6、cerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 470/C 470M Specification for Molds f
7、or Forming Con-crete Test Cylinders VerticallyC 904 Terminology Relating to Chemical-Resistant Non-metallic MaterialsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods, see Terminology C 904.4. Significance and Use4.
8、1 These test methods offer a means of determining thecompressive strength of chemical-resistant mortars, grouts,monolithic surfacings, and polymer concretes.5. Apparatus5.1 Equipment, capable of weighing materials or specimensto 60.3 % accuracy.5.2 Specimen Molds:5.2.1 Test Method AThese molds shall
9、 be right cylinder 16132 in. (25 6 0.8 mm) in diameter by 1 6132 in. high. Themolds may be constructed in any manner that will allowformation of a test specimen of the desired size. Typical moldsconsist of a 1-in. thick, flat plastic sheet in which 1-in.diameter, smooth-sided holes have been cut, an
10、d to the bottomof which a14-in. (6-mm) thick, flat plastic sheet (withoutmatching holes) is attached by means of screws or bolts.Alternately, the molds may consist of sections of round plastictubing or pipe, 1-in. inside diameter and 1 in. long, havingsufficient wall thickness to be rigid and retain
11、 dimensionalstability during the molding operation, and a14-in. thick, flatplastic sheet on which one open end of each section can berested. With the latter style of mold, the tubing segment may besealed with a material, such as caulking compound or stopcockgrease. For most types of specimens it is
12、satisfactory to simplyseal one end of the tubing segment with masking tape.NOTE 1For use with sulfur mortars an additional piece of flat plasticsheet at least18 in. (3 mm) thick containing a14-in. (6-mm) hole and asection of plastic tubing or pipe 1 in. (25 mm) in diameter by 1 in. highare required.
13、 They are used to form a pouring gate and reservoir in thepreparation of sulfur mortar specimens.5.2.2 Test Method BMolds for the 2 in. (50 mm) cubespecimens shall be tight fitting and leakproof. The molds shallhave not more than three cube compartments and shall beseparable into not more than three
14、 parts. The parts of themolds, when assembled, shall be positively held together. Themolds shall be made of materials not attacked by the productbeing tested. The sides of the molds shall be sufficiently rigidto prevent spreading or warping. The interior faces of themolds shall be manufactured to en
15、sure plane surfaces with apermissible variation of 0.002 in. (0.05 mm). The distances1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C03 onChemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee C03.01 on Mortars and Carbon Brick.Current edition app
16、roved Sept. 15, 2006. Published October 2006. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 579 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,
17、refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.between opposite faces shall be 2 6116 in. (50 6 0.8 mm). Theheight of the molds, measured separately for each cubecompar
18、tment, shall be 2 6116 in. The angle between adjacentinterior faces and between interior faces and top and bottomplanes of the mold shall be 90 6 0.5 measured at pointsslightly removed from the intersection of the faces.5.2.3 Test Method CMolds shall be right cylinders madeof heavy gage metal or oth
19、er rigid nonabsorbent material. Thecylinder diameter shall be at least four times the nominalmaximum aggregate size in the mix. The minimum cylinderdiameter shall be 2 in. (50 mm). The cylinder height shall betwo times the diameter. The plane of the rim of the mold shallbe at right angles to the axi
20、s within 0.5. The mold shall be atright angles to the axis within 0.5. The mold shall not varyfrom the prescribed diameter by more than116 in. (1.5 mm) norfrom the prescribed height by more than18 in. (3 mm). Moldsshall be provided with a flat base plate with a means forsecuring it to the mold at a
21、right angle to the axis of thecylinder in the instance of reusable metal molds. For moldsother than metal, a mechanically attached smooth flat metal orintegrally molded flat bottom of the same material, as the sidesshall be used. Single-use molds shall conform to SpecificationC 470.NOTE 2The materia
22、l from which the mold is constructed must bechemically inert and have antistick properties. Polyethylene, polypropy-lene, polytetrafluorethylene, and metal forms having either a sinteredcoating of tetrafluoroethylene or a suitable release agent compatible withthe material being tested are satisfacto
23、ry. Because of their superior heatresistance, only trifluorochloroethylene and tetrafluoroethylene mold re-lease agents should be used with sulfur materials.5.3 The testing machine may be of any type of sufficientcapacity which will provide the rates of loading prescribed. Itshall have been verified
24、 to have an accuracy of 1.0 %, or better,within twelve months of the time of use in accordance withPractices E4. The testing machine shall be equipped with twosteel bearing blocks with hardened faces, one of which is aspherically seated block that will bear on the top bearing plate,and the other a p
25、lain rigid block that will support the bottombearing plate. The diameter of the spherical bearing block shallbe at least 75 % of the width of the specimen. The bearingfaces shall not depart from a plane by more than 0.001 in.(0.025 mm) in any 6-in. (150-mm) diameter circle.6. Test Specimens6.1 Make
26、all specimens for a single determination from asingle mix.6.2 Test Method APrepare test specimens to be used inaccordance with Test Method A as described in 6.5. Testspecimens shall be right cylinders 1 +132 ,116 in.(25 + 0.8, 1.6 mm) in diameter by 1 6116 in. (25 6 1.6 mm)high. If the faces of the
27、specimen are not flat, smooth, andnormal to the cylinder axis, they may be sanded, ground, ormachined to specification. Exercise care that the frictional heatdeveloped during such operations does not damage the speci-mens.6.3 Test Method BPrepare test specimens to be used inaccordance with Test Meth
28、od B as described in 6.5. Testspecimens shall be cubes with dimensions of 2 +116 ,18 in.(50 + 1.5, 3.0 mm). If the faces of the cube are not flat,smooth, and normal to each other, they may be sanded, ground,or machined to specification. Exercise care that the frictionalheat developed during such ope
29、rations does not damage thespecimens.6.4 Test Method CPrepare test specimens to be used inaccordance with Test Method C as described in 6.6.6.4.1 Do not test specimens if any individual diameter of acylinder differs from any other diameter of the same cylinderby more than 2 %.6.4.2 Neither end of co
30、mpressive test specimens, whentested, shall depart from perpendicular to the axis by more than0.5 (approximately equivalent to18 in. in 12 in. (3 mm in 300mm). Cap the ends of compression test specimens that are notflat within 0.002 in. (0.05 mm) in accordance with 6.6, sawedor ground. Determine the
31、 diameter used for calculating thecross-sectional area of the test specimen to the nearest 0.01 in.(0.25 mm) by averaging two diameters measured at rightangles to each other at about mid-height of the specimen.6.5 Specimen Preparation for Test Methods A and B:6.5.1 Resin, Silicate, and Silica Materi
32、alsMix a sufficientamount of the components in the proportions and in the mannerspecified by the manufacturer of the materials. Fill the moldsone-half full. Remove any entrapped air by using a cutting andstabbing motion with a spatula or rounded-end rod. Fill theremainder of the mold, working down i
33、nto the previouslyplaced portion. Upon completion of the filling operation, thetops of the specimens should extend slightly above the tops ofthe molds. When the molds have been filled, strike off theexcess material, even with the top of the mold. Permit thematerial to remain in the mold until it has
34、 set sufficiently toallow removal without danger of deformation or breakage.6.5.1.1 Silicate MaterialsSome silicates may require cov-ering during the curing period. After removal from the molds,acid-treat the specimens, if required, in accordance with therecommendations given by the manufacturer. No
35、 other treat-ment shall be permitted. Record the method of treatment in9.1.8.6.5.2 Sulfur Materials:6.5.2.1 Sulfur MortarsSlowly melt a minimum of 2 lb(900 g) of the material in a suitable container at a temperatureof 265 to 290F (130 to 145C) with constant agitation. Stir tolift and blend the aggre
36、gate without beating air into the melt.Place the piece of plastic sheet containing the14-in. (6-mm)round hole over the open face of the mold with the holecentered on the face. On top of the piece of plastic sheet andsurrounding the hole, place a section of plastic tubing or pipe1 in. (25 mm) in diam
37、eter by 1 in. high. Pour the meltedmaterial through the hole into the mold and continue to pouruntil the section of tubing or pipe is completely filled. Theexcess material contained in the hole in the plastic sheet acts asa reservoir to compensate for shrinkage of the material duringcooling.6.5.2.2
38、Allow the specimen to remain in the mold until ithas completely solidified. Upon removal, file, grind, or sandthe surface flush, removing the excess material remaining atthe pouring gate.6.5.2.3 Sulfur ConcreteHeat and mix a sufficient amountof aggregate components and sulfur cement in the proportio
39、nsC 579 01 (2006)2and in the manner specified by the manufacturer to a tempera-ture of 265 to 290F (130 to 145C). Fill the molds one-halffull. Rod 25 times using a rounded58-in. (15-mm) diameterrod. Distribute the strokes uniformly over the cross section ofthe mold. Repeat with two additional portio
40、ns allowing the rodto penetrate about12 in. (12 mm) into the underlying layer.After consolidation, the tops of the specimens should extendslightly above the tops of the molds. Finish the top surface bystriking off the excess material even with the top of the mold.Permit the material to remain in the
41、 mold until it has cooledsufficiently to allow removal without danger of deformation orbreakage.6.5.3 Number of Test SpecimensPrepare six test speci-mens for each material formulation.6.6 Specimen Preparation for Test Method CPreparespecimens in accordance with 6.5 with the following additionalconsi
42、derations:6.6.1 Use of vibrators is generally not required for sulfurconcrete but may be required for other materials using TestMethod C. The type and method of vibrating will be asrecommended by the manufacturer and shall be specified in thetest report.6.6.2 Filling and Capping for Cylindrical Resi
43、n, Silica, andSilicate SpecimensThe top layer may be filled to slightlybelow the top edge of the mold except for sulfur materials. Forsulfur materials, fill slightly above the top edge and strike offflush with the top edge. The top surface of the specimen shallbe finished as much as practicable to a
44、 plane perpendicular tothe axis of the specimen. The flatness of the finished specimenshall be within 0.010 in. (0.25 mm). Specimens exceeding thistolerance shall be machined flat or a capping compound shallbe applied if the test load is to be applied to the surface.6.6.2.1 Capping, if used, shall b
45、e made as thin as practicableand shall be applied before removal of the polymer concretefrom the molds.6.6.2.2 If a polymer paste or mortar is used for capping, it ispreferable that the polymer used be the same as the one used tomake the specimen. Fillers used may be the fine portion usedin the poly
46、mer concrete or another mineral powder.6.6.2.3 For capping in the mold, a suitable capping com-pound may be made from a polymer mortar. The surface of thepolymer concrete shall be wiped off after hardening, and apolymer mortar or polymer paste with suitable fillers shall bedeposited and pressed down
47、 uniformly to the top edge of themold with a capping plate. In order to prevent the capping platefrom bonding to the paste or mortar, the underside of thecapping plate shall be covered with a release agent.6.6.2.4 For capping after mold removal, stiff polymer pasteor mortar or a low-melting-point al
48、loy for capping shall beused. A suitable apparatus to maintain parallel ends on thespecimens shall be used.NOTE 3Any capping compound to be used with polymer concreteshould be tested to ascertain that its strength is high enough to preventpremature failure in the cap when testing in high compressive
49、 strengthpolymer concretes. Cap failure may result in substantially lower compres-sive strength results.7. Conditioning7.1 Resin and Silica MaterialsAge the test specimens inair at 73 6 4F (23 6 2C) for a period of seven days,including the time in the mold before testing.7.2 Silicate MaterialsFollow the same procedure as givenin 7.1, the only exception being that the relative humidity of thesurrounding air must be kept below 80 %.7.3 Sulfur MaterialsAge the test specimens in air at 73F6 4F for at least 24 h including the time i
