1、2008年在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷及答案与解析 Section A Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a si
2、ngle bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1 A: Bob, would you mind turning down the TV a little? Im talking on the phone, and Im having a hard time hearing. B: _ （ A） Please forgive me. （ B） Oh, sure! Im sorry about that. （ C） You should have told me earlier. （ D） Im
3、sorry to hear about it. 2 A: Hi, Im your neighbor in 405, next door. Im Sunny Chan. B: _ （ A） I moved here about a week ago. （ B） Hope we could become good neighbors. （ C） Hi! Everyone here seems very friendly. （ D） Jill Kingston. Nice to meet you. 3 A: Could you run me over to the office? Im late.
4、My clock must be slow. B: _ （ A） Yes, never mind. I would rather give you a lift. （ B） All right. But you should buy a new clock. （ C） Its my pleasure. May I help you fix your clock, too? （ D） Yeah, Ill be glad to drop you off on my way to work. 4 A: Im sorry. Hes not in his office. B: _ （ A） Are yo
5、u sure he will be back soon? （ B） Would you like to leave a message? （ C） Can you take a message for me? （ D） Shall I call him sometime later? 5 A: Do you mind if I take off my jacket? B: _ （ A） Of course not, make yourself at home. （ B） Oh, its very kind of you to do so. （ C） Ill be happy if I can
6、be of any Help. （ D） Yes, its pretty warm in here. Section B Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 c
7、hoices by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 6 Man: Bob and Sue seem never discipline their daughter. Shes real nuts. Woman: They are kept in the dark about their daughters behavior at school. Question: What can we lear
8、n about Bob and Sues daughter? （ A） She likes to eat nuts. （ B） She is self-disciplined. （ C） She behaves badly at school. （ D） She enjoys leaving her parents in the dark. 7 Woman: Now, Richard, would you care to explain how the answers to the test questions appeared on your desk? Man: I cant, Profe
9、ssor Harley. Someone must have left them on my desk. Question: What is the mans problem? （ A） He is suspected of cheating. （ B） He left the answers on his desk. （ C） He doesnt know how to explain. （ D） He didnt know the answers to the questions. 8 Woman: Dont forget to drop me a line when you settle
10、 down. Man: I wont. Ill keep you posted. Question: What does the man mean? （ A） Hell write to the woman. （ B） Hell tell the woman his new address. （ C） Hell visit the woman once in a while. （ D） Hell chat with the woman on the phone. 9 Man: Betty, how was your trip to the museum with tom this aftern
11、oon? Woman: Dont ask me. Question: What does the woman mean? （ A） Something about the museum interested her. （ B） Something was wrong with the trip. （ C） She doesnt know anything about the museum. （ D） She doesnt want to answer the mans question. 10 Man: Hey, Mary. I was invited to be a judge for th
12、e Miss America Beauty Contest. Woman: Oh, really? Come on, youre pulling my leg. Question: what does the woman mean? （ A） She has no chance to win. （ B） The man is encouraging her. （ C） Shell attend the contest. （ D） The man is trying to fool her. Section A Directions: In this section there are 10 s
13、entences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 11 The survey does not allow fo
14、r the fact that some students are attending part-time. （ A） explain （ B） deny （ C） consider （ D） recognize 12 British scientists have found how to diagnose the disease, which causes loss of memory and personality change. （ A） control （ B） determine （ C） prevent （ D） treat 13 Witnesses were allegedly
15、 tortured or subjected to pressure to fabricate evidence against him. （ A） fix up （ B） take up （ C） pack up （ D） make up 14 So instead we spent the whole afternoon hanging around in the gorgeous autumn sun. （ A） golden （ B） beautiful （ C） warm （ D） shining 15 I couldnt work out why anyone would inve
16、nt something so boring. （ A） draw up （ B） bring about （ C） put forward （ D） figure out 16 You can easily find out the benefits of flexible working for both you and your employer. （ A） loose （ B） effective （ C） elastic （ D） resourceful 17 The State Department has issued a regulation abolishing the sp
17、ecial privileges for government officials. （ A） grants （ B） rights （ C） advantages （ D） interests 18 Will Americans go for AT hydrogen-powered cars, electric cars and biofuels. Biofuels are gasoline substitutes produced from plants like corn or sugar cane. Plants absorb carbon dioxide as they grow,
18、but growing crops for fuel takes up wide strips of land. Hydrogen-powered cars emit no carbon dioxide, but producing hydrogen requires energy, and if that energy comes from coal-fired power plants, then the problem has not been solved. The problem with electric cars is that they have typically been
19、limited to a range of tens of miles as opposed to the hundreds of miles that can be driven on a tank of gas. Gasoline, it turns out, is an almost ideal fuel (except that it produces carbon dioxide). If it can be made out of carbon dioxide in the air, the Los Alamos concept may mean there is little r
20、eason to switch, after all. “Its definitely worth pursuing,“ said Martin I. Hoffert, a professor of physics at New York University. “It has a couple of pieces to it that are interesting.“ Other scientists also said the proposal looked promising but could not evaluate it fully because the details had
21、 not been published. 36 What is most remarkable about the proposal made by the two scientists? （ A） It is given a patriotic name. （ B） No law of physics is violated. （ C） It is based on existing technology. （ D） Carbon dioxide can be converted into fuel. 37 What is the biggest problem with hydrogen-
22、powered cars? （ A） There is no cheap source of hydrogen. （ B） There might be a safety problem in hydrogen production. （ C） They may still be a cause of global warming. （ D） They are not suitable for long-distance travel. 38 If what is proposed by the two scientists becomes true, _. （ A） air pollutio
23、n will become a thing of the past （ B） there will be no need for gasoline substitutes （ C） people will be able to use much cheaper energy （ D） there will be no more bio fuel-powered vehicles 39 Which of the following can best describe the attitude of Martin I. Hoffert to the proposal? （ A） Indiffere
24、nt. （ B） Positive. （ C） Suspicious. （ D） Critical. 40 The passage is mainly written to _. （ A） introduce a new concept （ B） compare different energy sources （ C） stress the importance of gasoline （ D） discuss solutions to global warming 41 In her international bestselling Talk to the Hand, author Ly
25、nne Truss argues that common courtesies such as saying “Excuse me“ are practically extinct. There are certainly plenty who would agree with her. Is it really true? We decided to find out by experiments. In dozens of American cities, our reporters performed two experiments: “door tests“ (would anyone
26、 hold one open for them?); and “document drops“ (who would help them retrieve a pile of “accidentally“ dropped papers?). Along the way, the reporters encountered all types; men and women of different races, ages, professions, and income levels. While 90 percent of the people passed the door test, on
27、ly 55 percent passed the document drop. Are people less likely to help others when doing so takes extra effort or time? Not always, the reporters found. Take the pregnant woman who thought nothing of bending down to help us with our papers. Or the woman named Liz who balanced two coffees, her keys a
28、nd her wallet on a takeout tray with one hand, while picking up papers off the wet pavement with the other, her reason for helping? “I was there,“ she said. Overall, men were the most willing to help, especially when it came to document drops. In those, men offered aid 63 percent of the time, compar
29、ed to 47 percent among women. Of course, men werent entirely democratic about whom theyd help. All of them held the door for the female reporter, and were more than twice as likely to help her pick up fallen papers than they were to help our male reporter. By far, the most common reason people cited
30、 for being willing to go out of their way to help others was their upbringing. “Its the way I was raised,“ said one young woman who held a door open despite struggling with her umbrella on a rainy day in Brooklyn. We realize this isnt a rigorous scientific study, but we believe it is a reasonable re
31、al-world test of good manners around the globe. And its comforting to know that in a place where millions of people push one another each day to get ahead, theyre able to do it with a smile. Hey, if they can make nice here, they can make nice anywhere. 41 Which of the following is the best word to d
32、escribe the experiments? （ A） Scientific （ B） Biased. （ C） Revolutionary. （ D） Realistic. 42 The examples of the pregnant woman and Liz are used to show that some people _. （ A） may take the trouble to help others （ B） wont take the trouble to help others （ C） may help others save time （ D） Wont hel
33、p others save time 43 According to the experiments, _. （ A） women are more careful （ B） women are more likely to need help （ C） men are more ready to help （ D） men are more democratic in helping others 44 Helping others is a behavior that is largely influenced by _. （ A） social norm （ B） family educ
34、ation （ C） specific situation （ D） personal character 45 The results of the experiments have shown that common courtesies _. （ A） are still with us （ B） are disappearing （ C） vary with professions （ D） needs rigorous study 46 Within a large concrete room, cut out of a mountain on a freezing-cold isl
35、and just 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, could lie the future of humanity. The room is a vault (地下库 ) designed to hold around 2 million seeds, representing all known varieties of the worlds crops. It is being built to safeguard the worlds food supply against nuclear war, climate change, terror
36、ism, rising sea levels, earthquakes and the collapse of electricity supplies. “If the worst came to the worst, this would allow the world to reconstruct agriculture on this planet,“ says Cary Fowler, director of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, an independent international organization promoting the
37、 project. The Norwegian (挪威的 ) government is planning to create the seed bank next year at the request of crop scientists. The $3 million vault will be built deep inside a sandstone mountain on the Norwegian Arctic island of Spitsbergen. The vault will have metre-thick walls of reinforced concrete a
38、nd will be protected behind two airlocks and high-security doors. The vaults seed collection will represent the products of some 10, 000 years of plant breeding by the worlds farmers. Though most are no longer widely planted, the varieties contain vital genetic properties still regularly used in pla
39、nt breeding. To survive, the seeds need freezing temperatures. Operators plan to replace the air inside the vault each winter, when temperatures in Spitsbergen are around -18 . But even if some disaster meant that the vault was abandoned, the permanently frozen soil would keep the seeds alive. And e
40、ven accelerated global warming would take many decades to penetrate the mountain vault. “This will be the worlds most secure gene bank,“ says Fowler. “But. its seeds will only be used when all other samples have gone for some reason.“ The project comes at a time when there is growing concern about t
41、he safety of existing seed banks around the world. Many have been criticized for their poor security, ageing refrigeration (冷藏 ) systems and vulnerable electricity supplies. The scheme won UN approval at a meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome in October 2005. A feasibility study
42、said the facility “would essentially be built to last forever“. 46 The Norwegian vault is important in that _. （ A） the seeds in it represent the rarest varieties of worlds crops （ B） the seeds in it could revive agriculture if the worst thing should happen （ C） it is built deep in a mountain on a f
43、reezing-cold Arctic island. （ D） it is strong enough against all disasters caused by man and nature 47 The seed band project was proposed by _. （ A） the Norwegian government （ B） Norwegian farmers （ C） Spitsbergen residents （ D） agricultural scientists 48 The seeds in the vault will be stored _. （ A
44、） as samples of world crop varieties （ B） as products of world plant breeding （ C） for their valuable genetic properties （ D） for their resistance to plant diseases 49 For the seed band project to be successful, the most important factor is probably _. （ A） constructing tight airlocks （ B） maintaini
45、ng high security （ C） keeping freezing temperatures （ D） storing large quantities of seeds 50 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） The Norwegian vault models after existing seed banks. （ B） The Spitsbergen seed bank is expected to last 10,000 years. （ C） The existing seed banks have poten
46、tial problems. （ D） The UN financed the Spitsbergen seed bank. 51 Probably the hardest part of setting goals is the first step of actually deciding to take action! The first barrier facing most people is the incorrect assumption that goals are only for business people. The reality is everyone sets g
47、oals mentally throughout the day. There are always occasions where something has to be done at a particular time or in a particular place. Simple examples could be getting up at a certain time in order to be at work, or to meet with a friend for a leisure activity. The beauty of having goals is the
48、uniqueness of each one to the goal setter. Whether it is personal, financial, business or spiritual, they are all specific to that person and their circumstances. The most important part initially is to write them down. Having goals written down gives you incredible power while helping you to focus
49、on this area. Aim for something that will stretch you while remaining achievable. If you achieve your goal too easily, it is not high enough to make any significant change in your life and needs to be adjusted. On the other hand, if you consistently miss the goals, re-evaluate, and consider setting them a little lower as you will only get discouraged and probably give up. The aim is to keep growing, and moving into a more satisfactory position for your particular
