1、2013年职称英语（卫生类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The odd thing was that he didnt recognize me. （ A） strange （ B） real （ C） whole （ D） same 2 He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. （ A） taught （ B） kept （ C） changed （ D）
2、attracted 3 The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. （ A） structure （ B） bottom （ C） surface （ D） top 4 We found shelter from the rain under the trees. （ A） defense （ B） standing （ C） protection （ D） room 5 We have to change the publics perception that money is everything. （ A） sig
3、ht （ B） belief （ C） interest （ D） pressure 6 It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. （ A） right （ B） obvious （ C） unbelievable （ D） unclear 7 This was an unexceptionally brutal attack. （ A） cruel （ B） open （ C） sudden （ D） direct 8 “There is no other choice, “she said in a harsh
4、voice. （ A） firm （ B） soft （ C） deep （ D） unkind 9 She gets aggressive when she is drunk. （ A） offensive （ B） worried （ C） sleepy （ D） anxious 10 I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. （ A） threw （ B） seized （ C） broke （ D） stretched 11 Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00
5、 in the morning. （ A） border （ B） goal （ C） peak （ D） level 12 That performance was pretty impressive. （ A） completely （ B） beautifully （ C） very （ D） equally 13 She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. （ A） found by chance （ B） passed by （ C） took a notice of （ D） woke up 14 I tried
6、to detach myself the reality of these terrible events. （ A） bring （ B） put （ C） set （ D） separate 15 I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. （ A） at （ B） with （ C） from （ D） about 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请
7、选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Promising Results from Cancer Study A new experimental vaccine(疫苗 )has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer. In a small Texas-based study, a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas, USA, cured lung cancer in some
8、patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others. Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study. Forty-three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials. Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirty-three in the advanced stages of th
9、e disease. They were injected with the vaccine every two weeks for three months, and were carefully monitored for three years. In three of the patients in the advanced stages of cancer, the disease disappeared and in the others, it did not spread for five to twenty-four months. However, no great dif
10、ference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness. This new vaccine uses the patients own immune system. It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg. It stimulates(刺激 )the bodys immune system, which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful,
11、 and attacks and destroys them. The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer. It offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general, although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used. 16 The vaccine cured all the participants in the trial. （ A） Right
12、（ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Over forty people participated in the study. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Patients in the early stages of the disease recovered more quickly in the trial. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 All the patients were from Dallas. （ A） Right （ B） Wr
13、ong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Every patient was injected with the same vaccine. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The vaccine activates the immune system. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The vaccine may be useful for treating other cancers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned
14、三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Music Used As a Healing Therapy 1. Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems. In 400 BC, its healing properties were documented by
15、 the ancient Greeks. More recently, in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy(疗法 )with people suffering from trauma(外伤 ). Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer, and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning
16、disabilities. 2. There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can improve our health. In the Welcome Trust study, which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London, patients were asked to listen to musical performances. As a res
17、ult, it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced, recovery times were improved, and fewer drugs were needed. 3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being(良好 的健康状况 ). It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life, they ar
18、e more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process. 4. However, not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Pro
19、fessor Robertson, a scientist and musician, some effects of music are mysterious and are, therefore, being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimulate the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles. 5. Science, however, demands facts and har
20、d evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music, since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “pr
21、escribe“(开处方 )music, but that could be a long time in the future. A. Potential dangers of music therapy B. Increase in general well-being C. History of music therapy D. Other mysterious effects of music E. Positive physical changes caused by music F. Music and your body 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph
22、2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A. recover from disease quickly B. there is not enough hard evidence C. use their minds actively D. it improves general well-being E. listen to musical performances F. it brings many other benefits 27 Researchers have found that patients stress levels decrease w
23、hen they_. 28 Music can treat patients partly because_. 29 Those who always look on the bright side of life are more likely to_. 30 Many doctors dont believe that music can treat diseases because_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The Development of Ballet Balle
24、t is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed. Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens, as well as other nobility(贵族 ), to participate in pageants t
25、hat included music, poetry, and dance. As these entertainments moved from the Italian courts to the French ones, court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement, they were able to perform elaborate(复杂的 )walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that wom
26、en dancers shortened their skirts, changed to flat shoes, and began doing some of the leaps and turns performed by men. It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from
27、which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs(假发 )and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise
28、on their toes to make it appear that they were floating. Classical ballet as we know it today was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the mid-1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th c
29、entury was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company, the Ballets Russes, brought a new energy and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants, George Balanchine, went on to found the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers. 31 This passage deals mainly with_. （ A） f
30、amous names in ballet （ B） how ballet has developed （ C） Russian ballet （ D） why ballet is no longer popular 32 The word “pageants“ in Paragraph 2 means_. （ A） dances （ B） big shows （ C） instruction （ D） royal courts 33 Professional ballet was first performed in_. （ A） Italy . （ B） Russia （ C） Ameri
31、ca （ D） France 34 Who had an important influence on early ballet_. （ A） Balanchine （ B） Antoinette （ C） Louis XIV （ D） Diaghilev 35 We can conclude from this passage that ballet_. （ A） is a dying art （ B） will continue to change （ C） is currently performed only in Russia （ D） is often performed by d
32、ancers with little training 35 Late-night Drinking Coffee lovers, be careful. Having a quick “pick-me-up“ cup of coffee late in the day will interrupt your sleep. As well as being a stimulant(兴奋剂 ), caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin(褪黑激素 ), the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. M
33、elatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again. “Its the neurohormone(神经激素 )that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake, “says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research
34、 Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the bodys levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated cof
35、fee than after drinking the same amount of decaf(脱咖啡因咖啡 ). On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off, twice as long as usual. In the second phase of the experiment, the researcher
36、s woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine(尿 )sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep
37、Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme(酶 )that drives melatonin production. Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body. Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch. 36 The author mentions “pick-me-up“ to indicate t
38、hat （ A） melatonin levels need to be raised. （ B） coffee is a stimulant. （ C） neurohormone can wake us up. （ D） caffeine can balance our brain hormone. 37 Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? （ A） It blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production. （ B） It inte
39、rrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping. （ C） It halves the bodys levels of sleep hormone. （ D） It stays in the body for many hours. 38 What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? （ A） Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. （ B） Lotan Shilos research design o
40、n sleep. （ C） What the subjects did after drinking decaf at night. （ D） Why some subjects took half an hour to all asleep. 39 The experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 finds that caffeine drinkers （ A） produce less melatonin. （ B） sleep longer than decaf drinkers. （ C） produce more urine at night. （ D
41、） wake up every three hours. 40 Ohayon advises coffee lovers （ A） to drink less coffee during the day. （ B） to take decaf after lunch. （ C） not to go to bed after taking coffee. （ D） not to drink coffee after supper. 40 The Worlds Best-Selling Medicine Since ancient times, people all over the world
42、have used willow to stop pain. The willow tree contains salicylic acid(水杨酸 ). This stops pain, but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In 1853, a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach. However, his mixture was difficult to make, and he did
43、 not try to produce or sell it. In 1897, in Germany, Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid. He tried it himself first and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain. His fathers pain went away, and the mixture did not hurt his stomach. Hoffmann worked
44、 for Bayer, a German company. He showed his new drug to his manager, who tested the drug and found that it worked well. Bayer decided to make the drug. They called it aspirin and put the Bayer name on every pill. Aspirin was an immediate success. Almost everyone has pain of some kind, so aspirin ans
45、wered a true need. Aspirin was cheap, easy to take, and effective. It also lowered fevers. Aspirin was a wonder drug. At first, Bayer sold the drug through doctors, who then sold it to their patients. In 1915, the company started to sell aspirin in drugstores. In the United States, Bayer had a paten
46、t(专利权 )on the drug. Other companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries, but only bayer could make and sell aspirin in the United States. In time, Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States. Other companies could make it there, too. However, Bayer aspiri
47、n was the most well known, and for many years, it was the market leader. By the 1950s, new painkillers were on the market. Aspirin was no longer the only way to treat pain and reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make. However, in the 1970s they got a surprise. Doctors n
48、oticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people. A British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks. In 1982, he won the Nobel prize for his research. Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin ever
49、y day to prevent heart attacks. It has made life better for the many people who take it. It has also made a lot of money for companies like Bayer that produce and sell it! 41 Why didnt the French scientist continue to make the medicine that stopped pain? （ A） It didnt work well. （ B） It was not cost-effective. （ C） It hurt the stomach. （ D） It was hard to make. 42 Why was Felix Hoffmann looking for a painkiller? （ A） His company told him to do that. （ B）
