1、2014年 6月大学英语六级真题试卷（三）及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to jump to conclusions upon seeing or hearing something. You can give examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 wo
2、rds. Section A （ A） They might be stolen goods. （ B） They might be fake products. （ C） They might be faulty products. （ D） They might be smuggled goods. （ A） They are civil servants. （ B） They are job applicants. （ C） They are news reporters. （ D） They are public speakers. （ A） The man has decided t
3、o quit his computer class. （ B） The woman wants to get a degree in administration. （ C） A computer degree is a must for administrative work. （ D） The man went to change the time of his computer class. （ A） A lot of contestants participated in the show. （ B） The fifth contestant won the biggest prize
4、. （ C） It was not as exciting as he had expected. （ D） It was sponsored by a car manufacturer. （ A） Reading a newspaper column. （ B） Looking at a railway timetable. （ C） Driving from New York to Boston. （ D） Waiting for someone at the airport. （ A） He wears a coat bought in the mall. （ B） He got a n
5、ew job at the barbershop. （ C） He had a finger hurt last night. （ D） He had his hair cut yesterday. （ A） He cannot appreciate the Picasso exhibition. （ B） Even his nephew can draw as well as Picasso. （ C） He is not quite impressed with modern paintings. （ D） Some drawings by kindergarten kids are ex
6、cellent. （ A） He should not put the cart before the horse. （ B） His conduct does not square with his words. （ C） His attitude to student government has changed. （ D） He has long been involved in student government. （ A） She left her own car in Manchester. （ B） Something went wrong with her car. （ C）
7、 She wants to go traveling on the weekend. （ D） Her car wont be back in a weeks time. （ A） Safety. （ B） Comfort. （ C） Size. （ D） Cost. （ A） Third-party insurance. （ B） Value-added tax. （ C） Petrol. （ D） CDW. （ A） How to update the basic facilities. （ B） What to do to enhance their position. （ C） Whe
8、re to locate their plant. （ D） How to attract investments. （ A） Their road link to other European countries is fast. （ B） They are all located in the south of France. （ C） They are very close to each other. （ D） Their basic facilities are good. （ A） Try to avoid making a hasty decision. （ B） Take ad
9、vantage of the train links. （ C） Talk with the local authorities. （ D） Conduct field surveys first. （ A） Future product distribution. （ B） Local employment policies. （ C） Road and rail links for small towns. （ D） Skilled workforce in the hilly region. Section B （ A） One fifth of them were on bad ter
10、ms with their sisters and brothers. （ B） About one eighth of them admitted to lingering bitter feelings. （ C） More than half of them were involved in inheritance disputes. （ D） Most of them had broken with their sisters and brothers. （ A） Less concern with money matters. （ B） More experience in worl
11、dly affairs. （ C） Advance in age. （ D） Freedom from work. （ A） They have little time left to renew contact with their brothers and sisters. （ B） They tend to forget past unhappy memories and focus on their present needs. （ C） They are more tolerant of one another. （ D） They find close relatives more
12、 reliable. （ A） They have bright colors and intricate patterns. （ B） They can only survive in parts of the Americas. （ C） They are the only insect that migrates along fixed routes. （ D） They have strong wings capable of flying long distances. （ A） In a Michigan mountain forest. （ B） In a Louisiana m
13、ountain forest. （ C） In a Kentucky mountain foresl. （ D） In a Mexican mountain forest. （ A） Each flock of butterflies lays eggs in the same states. （ B） They start to lay eggs when they are nine months old. （ C） Each generation in a cycle lays eggs at a different place. （ D） Only the strongest can r
14、each their destination to lay eggs. （ A） Evolution of monarch butterflies. （ B） Living habits of monarch butterflies. （ C） Migration patterns of monarch butterflies. （ D） Environmental impacts on monarch butterfly life. （ A） Time has become more limited. （ B） Time has become more precious. （ C） Time
15、 is money. （ D） Time is relative. （ A） Americans now attach more importance to the effective use of time. （ B） Americans today have more free time than earlier generations. （ C） The number of hours Americans work has increased steadily. （ D） More and more Americans feel pressed for time nowadays. （
16、A） Our interpersonal relationships improve. （ B） Our work efficiency increases greatly. （ C） Our living habits are altered. （ D） Our behavior is changed. Section C 26 The first copyright law in the United States was passed by Congress in 1790. In 1976 Congress enacted the latest copyright law, 【 B1】
17、 _the technological developments that had occurred since the passage of the Copyright Act of 1909. For example, in 1909, anyone who wanted to make a single copy of a【 B2】 _work for personal use had to do so by hand. The very process【 B3】 _a limitation on the quantity of materials copied. Today, a ph
18、otocopier can do the work in seconds; the limitation has disappeared. The 1909 law did not provide full protection for films and sound recordings, nor did it【 B4】 _the need to protect radio and television. As a result,【 B5】 _of the law and abuses of the intent of the law have lessened the 【 B6】 _rew
19、ards of authors, artists, and producers. The 1976 Copyright Act has not prevented these abuses fully, but it has clarified the legal rights of the injured parties and given them an【 B7】 _for remedy. Since 1976 the Act has been【 B8】 _to include computer software, and guidelines have been adopted for
20、fair use of television broadcasts. These changes have cleared up much of the confusion and conflict that followed【 B9】 _the 1976 legislation. The fine points of the law are decided by the courts and by acceptable common practice over time. As these decisions and agreements are made, we modify our be
21、havior accordingly. For now, we need to【 B10】 _the law and its guidelines as accurately as we can and to act in a fair manner. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Millions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned t
22、han ever about retirement. They know they need to save, but how much? And what exactly are they saving for to spend more time【 C1】 _the grandkids, go traveling, or start another career? It turns out that husbands and wives may have【 C2】 _different ideas about the subject. The deepest divide is in th
23、e way spouses envisage their lifestyle in their later years. Fidelity Investments Inc. found 41 percent of the 500 couples it surveyed【 C3】_on whether both or at least one spouse will work in retirement. Wives are generally right regarding their husbands retirement age, but men【 C4】 _the age their w
24、ives will be when they stop working. And husbands are slightly more【 C5】_about their standard of living than wives are. Busy juggling(穷于应付 )careers and families, most couples dont take the time to sit down, 【 C6】 _or together, and think about what they would like to do 5, 10 or 20 years from now. Th
25、ey【 C7】 _they are on the same page, but the【 C8】 _is they have avoided even talking about it. If you are self-employed or in a job that doesnt have a standard retirement age, you may be more apt to delay thinking about these issues. It is often a【 C9】_retirement date that provides the catalyst(催化剂 )
26、to start planning. Getting laid off or accepting an early-retirement【 C10】 _can force your hand. But dont wait until you get a severance(遣散费 )check to begin planning. A)assume B)confidential C)disagree D)formula E)forthcoming F)illustrating G)mysteriously H)observe I)optimistic J)package K)radically
27、 L)reality M)separately N)spoiling O)underestimate 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 What If Middle-Class Jobs Disappear? A)The most recent recession in the United States began in December of 2007 and ended in June 2009, according
28、 to the National Bureau of Economic Research. However, two years after the official end of the recession, few Americans would say that economic troubles are behind us. The unemployment rate, in particular, remains above 9%. Some labor market indicators, such as the proportion of long-term unemployed
29、, are worse now than for any postwar recession. B)There are two widely circulated narratives to explain whats going on. The Keynesian narrative is that there has been a major drop in aggregate demand. According to this narrative, the slump can be largely cured by using monetary and fiscal(财政的 )stimu
30、lus. The main anti-Keynesian narrative is that businesses are suffering from uncertainty and over-regulation. According to this narrative, the slump can be cured by having the government commit to and follow a more hands-off approach. C)I want to suggest a third interpretation. Without ruling out a
31、role for aggregate demand or for the regulatory environment, I wish to suggest that structural change is an important factor in the current rate of high unemployment. The economy is in a state of transition, in which the middle-class jobs that emerged after World War II have begun to decline. As Eri
32、k Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee put it in a recent e-book Race Against the Machine: “The root of our problems is not that were in a great recession, or a great stagnation(停滞 ), but rather that we are in the early throes(阵痛 )of a great restructuring.“ D)In fact, I believe that the Great Depression o
33、f the 1930s can also be interpreted in part as an economic transition. The impact of the internal combustion engine(内燃机 )and the small electric motor on farming and manufacturing reduced the value of uneducated laborers. Instead, by the 1950s, a middle class of largely clerical(从事文秘工作的 )workers was
34、the most significant part of the labor force. Between 1930 and 1950, the United States economy underwent a great transition. Demand fell for human effort such as lifting, squeezing, and hammering. Demand increased for workers who could read and follow directions. The evolutionary process eventually
35、changed us from a nation of laborers to a nation of clerks. E)The proportion of employment classified as “clerical workers“ grew from 5.2 % in 1910 to a peak of 19.3% in 1980.(However, by 2000 this proportion had edged down to 17.4%.)Overall, workers classified as clerical workers, technical workers
36、, managers and officials exceeded 50% of the labor force by 2000. Corresponding declines took place in manual occupations. Workers classified as laborers, other than farm hands or miners, peaked at 11.4% of the labor force in 1920 but were barely 6% by 1950 and less than 4% by 2000. Farmers and farm
37、 laborers fell from 33% of the labor force in 1910 to less than 15% by 1950 and only 1.2% in 2000. F)The introduction of the tractor and improvements in the factory rapidly reduced the demand for uneducated workers. By the 1930s, a marginal farm hand could not produce enough to justify his employmen
38、t. Sharecropping, never much better than a subsistence occupation, was no longer viable(可行的 ). Meanwhile, machines were replacing manufacturing occupations like cigar rolling and glass blowing for light bulbs. G)The structural-transition interpretation of the unemployment problem of the 1930s would
39、be that the demand for uneducated workers in the United States had fallen, but the supply remained high. The high school graduation rate was only 8.8% in 1912 and still just 29% in 1931. By 1950, it had reached 59%. With a new generation of workers who had completed high school, the mismatch between
40、 skills and jobs had been greatly reduced. H)What took place after the World War II was not the revival of a 1920s economy, with its small farming units, urban manufacturing, and plurality of laborers. Instead, the 1950s saw the creation of a new suburban economy, with a plurality of white-collar wo
41、rkers. With an expanded transportation and communications infrastructure(基础设施 ), businesses needed telephone operators, shipping clerks, and similar occupations. If you could read, follow simple instructions, and settle into a routine, you could find a job in the post-war economy. I)The trend away f
42、rom manual labor has continued. Even within the manufacturing sector, the share of production and non-supervisory workers in manufacturing employment went from over 85% just after World War II to less than 70% in more recent years. To put this another way, the proportion of white-collar work in manu
43、facturing has doubled over the past 50 years. On the factory floor itself, work has become less physically demanding. Instead, it requires more cognitive skills and the ability to understand and carry out well-defined procedures. J)As noted earlier, the proportion of clerical workers in the economy
44、peaked in 1980. By that date, computers and advanced communications equipment had already begun to affect telephone operations and banking. The rise of the personal computer and the Internet has widened the impact of these technologies to include nearly every business and industry. K)The economy tod
45、ay differs from that of a generation ago. Mortgage and consumer loan underwriters(风险评估人 )have been replaced by credit scoring. Record stores have been replaced by music downloads. Book stores are closing, while sales of books on electronic readers have increased. Data entry has been moved off shore.
46、 Routine customer support also has been outsourced(外包 )overseas. L)These trends serve to limit the availability of well-defined jobs. If a job can be characterized by a precise set of instructions, then that job is a candidate to be automated or outsourced to modestly educated workers in developing
47、countries. The result is what David Autor calls the polarization of the American job market. M)Using the latest Census Bureau data, Matthew Slaughter found that from 2000 to 2010 the real earnings of college graduates(with no advanced degree)fell by more in percentage terms than the earnings of high
48、 school graduates. In fact, over this period the only education category to show an increase in earnings was those with advanced degrees. N)The outlook for mid-skill jobs would not appear to be bright. Communications technology and computer intelligence continue to improve, putting more occupations
49、at risk. For example, many people earn a living as drivers, including trucks and taxicabs. However, the age of driverless vehicles appears to be moving closer. Another example is in the field of education. In the fall of 2011, an experiment with an online course in artificial intelligence conducted by two Stanford professors drew tens of thousands of registrants(报名者 ). This increases the student-teacher ratio by a factor of close to a thousand. Imagine the number of teach
