1、2016年职称英语（卫生类） C级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 This latest injury must surely mean that her tennis career is now at an end. （ A） ready （ B） over （ C） rewarding （ D） promising 2 I didn t particularly want to go, but I had to. （ A） mainly
2、（ B） usually （ C） especially （ D） rapidly 3 You need feedback to monitor progress. （ A） stop （ B） achieve （ C） access （ D） check 4 Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very brutal. （ A） careless （ B） strong （ C） cruel （ D） hard 5 We are aware of the potential problems. （ A） possible （ B） global （ C
3、） ongoing （ D） central 6 We must get to the root of the problem. （ A） approach （ B） heart （ C） cause （ D） solution 7 Class sizes will increase under the new scheme. （ A） direction （ B） context （ C） system （ D） environment 8 All houses within 100 metres of the seas are at risk of flooding. （ A） in da
4、nger （ B） out of control （ C） between equals （ D） in particular 9 He needs the money really badly. （ A） very urgently （ B） very much （ C） very quickly （ D） very efficiently 10 The best option would be to cancel the trip altogether. （ A） hope （ B） part （ C） decision （ D） estimate 11 He was incredibly
5、 rich. （ A） relatively （ B） seriously （ C） extremely （ D） fairly 12 The idea was quite brilliant. （ A） positive （ B） key （ C） clever （ D） original 13 The course gives you basic instruction in car maintenance. （ A） idea （ B） term （ C） aspect （ D） coaching 14 I think I managed to grasp the main points
6、 of the lecture. （ A） understand （ B） cover （ C） prove （ D） discuss 15 Anything to do with aeroplanes and flying fascinates him. （ A） affects （ B） helps （ C） worries （ D） interests 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个 句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选
7、择 C。 15 Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women A recent study in Tanzania found that when pregnant women took vitamins every day, fewer babies were born too small. Babies that weigh less than two and one-half kilograms at birth have a greater risk of dying. Those that survive are more likely to
8、experience problems with their development. And experts say that as adults they have a higher risk of diseases including heart disease. The World Health Organization estimates that every year twenty million babies are born with low birth weight. Nine out of ten of them are born in developing countri
9、es. The new study took place in Dubai. 4,200 pregnant women received multivitamins. The pills contained all of the vitamins in the B group along with vitamins C and E. They also contained several times more iron than the levels advised for women in developed nations. Pregnant women especially in poo
10、r countries may find it difficult to get enough vitamins and minerals from the foods in their diet. The scientists compared the findings with results from a group of 4,000 women who did not receive the vitamins. A report by the scientists,from the United States and Tanzania, appeared in the New Engl
11、and Journal of Medicine. Wafaie Fawzi of the Harvard University School of Public Health led the study. None of the women in the study had HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The scientists reported earlier that daily multi-vitamins were a low-cost way to reduce fetal deaths in pregnant women infected w
12、ith HIV. The earlier work in Tanzania also found improvement in the mothers in their number of blood cells known as lymphocytes(淋巴细胞 ). Lymphocytes increase the body s immunity against infection. The new study in pregnant women who were not infected with the AIDS virus found that multivitamins reduc
13、ed the risk of low birth weight. Just under eight percent of the babies born to women who took the multivitamins weighed less than 2,500 grams. The rate was almost nine and one-half percent in the group of women who received a placebo, an inactive pill, instead of the vitamins. But the vitamins did
14、not do much to reduce the rates of babies being born too early or dying while still a fetus. Still, the researchers say multivitamins should be considered for all pregnant women in developing countries. 16 The babies born underweight take a risk of being in poorer health conditions. （ A） Right （ B）
15、Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Pregnant women in developed countries needn t take in any iron. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Pregnant women who take multivitamins have a lower chance of dying from HIV. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The number of lymphocytes is very low in Af
16、rican women. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Women who take multivitamins will not have underweight babies. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Vitamins can be used to reduce the birth rate of underweight babies. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The placebo works more
17、effectively than the vitamins in reducing the risk of low birth weight. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Seek Health and Wellness 1 Whether you are busy stud
18、ying or starting clerkship, it is absolutely essential to maintain health and well-being throughout your medical career. Some ways are useful in trying to stay healthy and active. Hopefully you can take them! 2 Staring at a laptop screen for a prolonged(长时间的 )period of time not only dries out our ey
19、es but also begins to take a toll on our efficiency. If you find yourself staring at the same slide for more than 15 minutes,take a nice walk outside! 3 Different types of nuts are great brain food! Nuts of any kind can easily be absorbed into your daily meals. They go great with milk and salads. To
20、 add in the nutritious value of nuts, they serve as a source of protein(蛋白质 )while helping to raise HDL,the “good cholesterol(胆固醇 )“in our bodies. 4 If you re a coffee lover,try switching it up from time to time. Carbonated water is a good substitute every now and then. There are no calories, compar
21、ed to regular sodas(碳酸饮料 ),and the car-bonation adds a little fizz(嘶嘶声 )that can help keep you awake and refreshed. 5 It s easy to feel nervous about medical practice, but if you keep your mind focused on the big picture and acknowledge what you ve done instead of what you haven t, your mindset will
22、 take a turn for the greater good. Being confident and staying positive changes your mood and outlook,making the workload more manageable. 6 We may have something called “puppy therapy“. It s important to have something that is “your thing“ , something that you enjoy doing that helps you connect wit
23、h the outside world. That can be anything that can relax your mind and re-energize your body without taking a huge mass out of your busy day. A Eat some nuts B Think positive C Stare at the laptop screen D Reduce the workload schedule E Substitute coffee for a healthier drink F Take a walk 23 Paragr
24、aph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A a medical career B an attentive mind C nutritious nuts D carbonated water E the greater good F body and mind 27 Health and wellness are needed in_. 28 Puppy therapy refers to something that activates your_. 29 To reduce anxiety of becoming
25、a doctor, you need to set your mind on_. 30 It s advisable to replace coffee with_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Too Many Americans Have Out-of-control High Blood Pressure Nearly 1 in 3 Americans suffers from high blood pressure(hypertension)and many of them
26、 don t have it under control, says a recent study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCP). According to the report,most people with uncontrolled high blood pressure have health insurance and had actually seen a doctor at least twice in the previous year, yet their condition remaine
27、d unmanaged. Having high blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke; hypertensive people are 4 times more likely to die from a stroke and 3 times more likely to die from heart disease than people with normal pressure, according to CDCP director Dr. Thomas Frieden. Together, t
28、hose two conditions cause nearly 1,000 deaths a day in the US and account for $ 131 billion in yearly health-care costs. For the report, researchers looked at 2003 2010 data to examine high blood pressure awareness and treatment among adults with uncontrolled conditions. More than 20,000 adult parti
29、cipants answered survey questions and received a physical exam. The data suggest that some 67 million Americans have high blood pressure,and nearly 36 million of them dont have their condition under control. Among those, about 14 million don t know theyre hypertensive,nearly 6 million are aware but
30、not receiving treatment, and 16 million know they have high blood pressure and are receiving medication for it but still dont have their pressure under control. “We have to roll up our sleeves and make high blood pressure control a priority every day,with every patient at every doctors visit,“ said
31、Frieden. 31 High blood pressure will cause_. （ A） heart disease and stroke （ B） stroke and shock （ C） stroke and aging （ D） heart disease and facture 32 Compared with people with normal pressure, hypertensive people are_. （ A） 3 times more likely to die from cancer （ B） 4 times more likely to die fr
32、om a stroke （ C） 4 times more likely to die at their youth （ D） 3 times more likely to die at their adulthood 33 Heart disease and stroke in America_. （ A） cause 131 deaths a year （ B） cost $ 1 ,000 million a day （ C） cost $ 131 million a year （ D） cause 1 ,000 deaths a day 34 According to the data,
33、the number of Americans with uncontrolled hypertension is_ （ A） about 67 million （ B） about 36 million （ C） about 14 million （ D） about 6 million 35 Dr. Thomas Frieden might agree that hypertension control in America is _ （ A） insignificant （ B） irrelevant （ C） uncertain （ D） urgent 35 Walking Baref
34、oot Can Help Prevent Some Injuries Walking barefoot helps to improve balance,posture and prevent common foot injuries,according to an American researcher. Patrick McKeon,a professor at Ithaca College s School of Health Sciences in New York, says the more people go barefoot at home, in the office or
35、outside, the healthier their feet will be. He believes the small,often overlooked muscles in the foot play a vital but underestimated role in movement and stability, similar to the core muscles in the abdomen. The researcher explained their importance by describing the cycle of feedback between the
36、large “extrinsic“(外在的 )muscles in the legs and feet, the smaller “intrinsic“(内部的 )muscles in the feet,and the neural connections that send information from them to the brain. When this cycle is broken,it can lead to overuse injuries that most athletes are familiar with. Shoes can also have a negativ
37、e effect on this cycle, McKeon explained. “ When you put a big sole underneath,you put a big dampening effect(阻尼效应 )on that information. Theres a missing link that connects the body with its environment. “ Without the information provided by the small muscles in the foot, the larger muscles over-com
38、pensate and over-exert beyond the point of their natural ability to maintain and repair themselves. And when these muscles are no longer able to absorb the forces of activity, the forces are transferred to the tendons(肌腱 ), bones and ligaments(韧带 ), resulting in an increased risk of injury. McKeon s
39、ays the only way of reintroducing this link and reactivating the cycle is to take off our shoes and strengthen the muscles in our feet by walking barefoot. 36 The more people go barefoot,_ . （ A） the better they are at blood balance （ B） the bigger size of socks they will wear （ C） the longer their
40、legs will be （ D） the more likely they are away from foot injuries 37 The small muscles in the foot are often_. （ A） compared with the core muscles in the abdomen （ B） compared with the core muscles for stability （ C） estimated about their function in movement （ D） overlooked about their function in
41、 movement 38 Most athletes suffer from_. （ A） muscle injuries in the arms （ B） overuse injuries in the feet （ C） nere injuries in the heads （ D） bone injuries in the shoulders 39 According to McKeon, the big sole of the shoes is_. （ A） harmful to the feet （ B） good to the toes （ C） helpful to the fe
42、et （ D） favorable to the toes 40 The small muscles in the feet are important for the larger muscles to_. （ A） absorb forces （ B） strengthen the bones （ C） prevent the over-exertion of the latter （ D） activate the neural cycle 40 Covering the Cost All by Himself University life is in no way cheap in
43、Canada. It costs Peter Kemp, a computer science major at the British Columbia Institute of Technology in Vancouver, C $ 18,000 a year. Amazingly, the 21-year-old is covering the cost by himself. For the past three years, Kemp has done a range of part-time jobs to pay for his tuition(学费 )and living e
44、xpenses. Last semester alone, he worked five jobs for 32 40 hours a week. Life is bus-y, but Kemp enjoys it. “ Doing part-time jobs gives me economic independence,“ said Kemp, who will begin his senior year this fall. “Having economic independence gives me the ability to take control of my life and
45、make my own decisions,“ said Kemp. “ It has also helped me understand the value of money. “ Among Kemp s five jobs last semester,two were on campus. For one,he helped maintain the universitys computer labs. For the other, he worked at the IT service desk to help students and teachers solve their com
46、puter problems. He also worked for a small company that develops GPS systems. “This job paid him well at C $ 27 an hours. “These jobs made me put what I ve learned in university to practical use,“ Kemp said. “I accomplished creative and imaginative tasks by applying my abilities to the work. “ Good
47、time management skills help Kemp balance work and study. Hesa top student in his class. And he will be the student association chairman for his department beginning next semester. It s a position that he has desired for a long time. “ It will give me the opportunity to be the voice for my fellow stu
48、dents and make a difference,“ says Kemp. “I believe one of the key secrets to juggling(应付 )everything is to avoid putting off tasks. This can leave you stressed and reduce the quality of your work and health,“ he said. “ I often make a list of the things I need to do each day and rank them by their
49、importance. The list helps me decide what task I should do first and when I should complete it. Remember to ask for help when you think you can t finish something on time, or can t finish it by yourself. “ 41 Who is Peter Kemp? （ A） A computer student. （ B） An American student. （ C） A French student. （ D） A British student. 42 How did he manage to pay his tuition and living expenses? （ A） He did a variety of part-time job
