1、BEC商务英语（高级）阅读模拟试卷 78及答案与解析 一、 PART ONE 0 Look at the statements below and at the five extracts on the opposite page from an article about how employees are motivated. Which section of the article (A, B, C, D or E) does each statement (1-8) refer to? For each statement (1-8), mark one letter (A, B, C
2、, D or E) on your Answer Sheet. You will need to use some of these letters more than once. A Ensuring employees arrive at work geared up and ready to give their all is a major challenge facing managers today. It used to be so easy. A fat pay cheque and the promise of promotion was all that was neede
3、d to keep people committed, loyal and happy. But the world of work has changed, and nowadays, organisations cannot rely on the corporate cheque book to give them the edge. Numerous employee surveys have shown that although pay still makes people tick, a whole raft of other issues have entered the mo
4、tivation equation. B One of the problems is that managers often dont appreciate they are playing in a completely new ball game, and a reliance on old-style motivational techniques just wont work in todays technology-driven, fast-paced business environment. For example, an employee could be working i
5、n South Africa, with a boss sitting in London and the main client they are dealing with based in Asia. So for someone who is very motivated by face-to-face contact and a collegiate environment, that could be a huge problem. C What most employees expect is the chance to work flexibly, on interesting
6、and stimulating tasks that give them the opportunity to develop their skills and talents. Managers on the ground may not always be able to influence pay and working practices - but, if they are to extract top performance from their teams, they need to know how to press the right buttons and create a
7、 culture that will inspire their workforce, a culture in which achievement is acknowledged and people feel valued. D Organisations should focus on asking people what they want - a relatively simple task that is too often considered unnecessary. However, questions about motivation have to be asked sk
8、ilfully, or you wont get to the bottom of what really makes people go that extra mile. Two people may both say they want an interesting and stimulating job, but have widely divergent ideas of what would constitute such a position: a city trader would probably find business consultancy boring, and a
9、consultant might be scared by the city traders job, but both may be very satisfied with their own job. E There are huge gaps between what employees expect from employers and what they actually get. For instance, employers emphasis on employability (equipping workers with marketable skills) may be so
10、mewhat misguided. One study showed that what people really wanted was not employability but job security. As a result, employees had the feeling that their employer wasnt delivering, which had a detrimental effect on the employees workplace performance and attitudes. The problem lies partly in a lac
11、k of communication: to ensure mutual understanding and to align employees values and goals with those of the organisation, much more conversation is needed. 1 People may perceive the same type of work very differently. 2 It is important that staff gain recognition for what they have done. 3 The beha
12、viour of staff may be influenced by disappointment with what their organisation provides. 4 Traditional ways of motivating staff cannot be put into practice these days. 5 A good salary alone is no longer enough to motivate staff. 6 It is desirable for staff and their employers to have similar object
13、ives. 7 Staff should be able to improve their abilities through their work. 8 Not all companies see a need to find out what motivates their staff. 二、 PART TWO 8 Read this text taken from an article about wholesaler marketing decisions. Choose the best sentence to fill each of the gaps. For each gap
14、9-14, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once. Wholesaler Marketing Decisions Wholesalers, like retailers, must make decisions on their target market, product assortment, pricing, promotion and place. Many wholesalers make the mistake of serving too many cust
15、omers. They need to define their target market. H On the other hand, they need to discourage the customers who are not profitable enough by requiring larger orders or adding surcharges to smaller ones. The wholesalers product is his assortment. Unfortunately, many of them carry too wide a range of g
16、oods. (9) . They need to identify the more profitable lines and vary inventory levels accordingly. Wholesalers usually mark up the cost of goods by about 20 percent to cover their expenses. This often leaves a margin of about 3 percent profit. (10) . They are cutting margins on some lines in order t
17、o win new customers, and on other lines they are asking for special prices when they can increase the suppliers sales. (11) . Their use of trade advertising, sales promotion, publicity and personal selling is largely haphazard. (12) . They certainly need to develop an overall promotion strategy. Fin
18、ally, wholesalers typically locate in Iow- rent, low-tax areas and put very little money into their physical setting and offices. In many cases they dont invest enough in material- handling and order-processing systems. (13) . Progressive wholesales have already moved over to the automated warehouse
19、 where orders are fed into a computer, items are picked up by mechanical devices and conveyed on a belt to the dispatch area for packing. (14) . A They should not carry too many lines or too much stock. B Many wholesalers are now using computers to carry out accounting, billing, inventory control an
20、d forecasting. C They need to adopt some of the image-making techniques used by retailers. D Most wholesalers are not promotion-minded enough. E They need to adopt some methods used by sellers. F Wholesalers are beginning to experiment with new approaches to prices. G To meet rising costs, they need
21、 to study the advantages of automated handling procedures. H They need to identify the more profitable customers and design stronger offers and build relationships with them. 三、 PART THREE 14 Starbucks Because of rapid globalisation over recent years, the competition around the world becomes more in
22、tense, especially for the service industry with the similar products. The most critical point for business to succeed is not only the quality of products they supply, but also the atmosphere of cooperating and the amount from yield of teamwork in retail sales. The employees who always deal with cust
23、omers and can realise what customers really need are first-line staff. Therefore, it turns to be essential for companies to motivate, reward and train their employees to be the best quality personnel. Starbucks began by three friends, Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl, and Gordon Bowker, who knew each other
24、in the University of Seattle. In 1971, the first name of their store is “Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice“ in Seattle, Washingtons Pike Place Market. Starbucks Corpotation, the most famous chain of retail coffee shops in the world, mainly benefits from roasting， selling special coffee beans and vario
25、us kinds of coffee or tea drinks. It owns about 4,000 branches in the whole world. Moreover, it has been one of the most rapidly growing corporations in America as well. The reasons why Starbucks is worldwide popular are not only the quality of coffee, but also its customer service and cozy environm
26、ent. Starbucks established comfortable surroundings for people to socialise with a fair price, which attracts consumers of various ages to get into the stores. Besides, it is also noted for its satisfaction of employees. Starbucks is one of the optimal business models for cooperation and teamwork. T
27、eamwork can not only construct a small social structure in orgunisation for employees to socialise, but also is a composite of various kinds of members who are equipped with different background of skill and knowledge on account of the mission. Each member plays an important role in the teamwork; th
28、erefore, everyone in that team can meet his need for getting acquainted with different colleagues and learn new skill from each other. Thus the definition of teamwork is a social system including more than three people in an organisation or context. These members identify others as one member of the
29、 team and they have the same goal. The managers in Starbucks treat each workpeople equally and an of the staff are called partners, even the supervisors of each branch are so called as well. In order to narrow the gap between managers and employees, they also co-work with the basic level staff in th
30、e front line. Due to this, they can maintain a good management system and create a much closer and more familiar atmosphere than other places, which makes not only employees enjoy their job but also customers affected by their enthusiasm. Starbucks has a well-organised communication channel for empl
31、oyees. It places a great importance on labours. For example, managers plan the working hours per worker and arrange the schedule of time off, and meet their requirements according to their wants. There are interviews every week to see what employees need is. A special survey called “Partner View Sur
32、vey“ is taken off approximately every two years. The managers can receive feedbacks through the event on which part should be improved or what issue should be paid more attention to. The partners have the right to figure out what is the best policy for them, and the directors show a respect for each
33、 suggestion. Starbucks even wants every employee to join in making and developing plans, then achieving their goals all together. As a result, the policies and principles are communicated between all staff, and there is no limitation in employees personal opinions. For this reason, business could im
34、prove, even innovate their strategies by different ideas. 15 The employees who can understand what customers really need are （ A） managers. （ B） important staff. （ C） supervisors. （ D） best quality personnel. 16 Which of the following is not true according to the second paragraph? （ A） Starbucks mai
35、nly benefits from roasting, selling coffee beans and coffee or tea drinks. （ B） Starbucks is worldwide popular due to the price of coffee. （ C） Starbucks is famous for its satisfaction of employees. （ D） Starbucks is worldwide popular due to comfortable surroundings. 17 According to the third paragr
36、aph, we can deduce Starbucks attach great importance to （ A） individual effort. （ B） individual ability. （ C） teamwork. （ D） serious atmosphere. 18 In order to narrow the gap between managers and employees, they also co-work with the basic level staffs in the front line, which can maintain （ A） a go
37、od management system and create a more intimate and familiar atmosphere. （ B） a good management system and create a leisurely atmosphere. （ C） a loose management system and create a much closer and more familiar atmosphere. （ D） a loose management system and create a more relaxing atmosphere. 19 Wha
38、t is the purpose of “Partner View Survey“ ? （ A） Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can receive feedbacks to improve their work. （ B） Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can plan the working hours per worker. （ C） Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can arrange the schedule of time off. （
39、D） Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can meet the requirements of employees 20 Why could Starbucks improve its business according to the last paragraph? （ A） Because the partners can figure out their best policies. and the directors respect their suggestions. （ B） Because Starbucks closes its e
40、ars to partners suggestions. （ C） Because Starbucks allows every employee to make and develop plans. （ D） Because Starbucks has a well-organised communication channel for employees. 四、 PART FOUR 20 Read the article below about the employee turnover in a company employees three different kinds of way
41、s of moving in their company. Choose the correct word or phrase to fill each gap from A, B, C, or D. For each question 21 30, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet. Promotions, Transfers, and Separations In the past, employees stayed with a company for most or all of their working lif
42、e. Todays employees, however, are more likely to change jobs several times as they search for better opportunities. In the United States, most organizations experience (21) , costly employee (22) as employees leave for one reason or another. Turnover occurs because of promotions, transfers, and sepa
43、rations. A promotion is an advancement, or (23) movement within an organization to a position with increased authority, responsibility, and salary. In some companies, (24) the length of time a person has been with the company is the key issue in determining who should be promoted. A transfer is a ho
44、rizontal move from one job to another within a company. Transfers allow workers to obtain new skills or to find a new (25) within an organization when their old position has been (26) because of automation, decreased sales, or some other factors. A separation is the departure of the employee from th
45、e organization. Separations occur because of resignation, layoff, and retirement. Resignation is giving up ones job (27) . A layoff is (28) of employment due to slow business conditions, the elimination of specific jobs, or the closing of work facilities. Retirement is separation because of age or a
46、fter a specified number of years of service. A well-organized human resources department strives to (29) losses due to separations and transfers because recruiting and training new employees is very expensive. A high turnover (30) in an organization may signal problems with the selection or training
47、 process or with the compensation program. （ A） considerable （ B） considerate （ C） consolable （ D） comprehensive （ A） work （ B） transfer （ C） separation （ D） turnover （ A） horizontal （ B） flat （ C） vertical （ D） fluctuating （ A） number （ B） seniority （ C） experience （ D） sense （ A） role （ B） positio
48、n （ C） duty （ D） responsibility （ A） evaluated （ B） changed （ C） turned （ D） eliminated （ A） voluntarily （ B） by oneself （ C） automatically （ D） passively （ A） decrease （ B） sensibility （ C） suspension （ D） pause （ A） reduce （ B） increase （ C） minimize （ D） black out （ A） speed-up （ B） rate （ C） deg
49、ree （ D） grade 五、 PART FIVE 30 Read the text below about business on line.For each question (31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.There is an example at the beginning, (0).Internet: A Cost-effective Way to Promote Business The Internet is changing the way people shop and purchase goods. It has created a new market (0) great opportunities for people running a small home-business and gives them a big edge over the typical retail establishment. Before, if a customer wanted to buy a stereo, for example, they ha
