1、上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 In a materialistic and_society peoples interest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit. （ A） adaptive （ B） addictive （ C） acquisitive （ D） arrogant 2 Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue to live_. （ A） subtly （ B） frug
2、ally （ C） explicitly （ D） cautiously 3 Moshe Katzma, 24, denied any_with the beating given to the homeless man, who was found outside a National Headquarters office. （ A） involvement （ B） admission （ C） isolation （ D） access 4 As the sky lightened even more, they began to_their surroundings more cle
3、arly. （ A） fall out （ B） fall into （ C） make up （ D） make out 5 Chinas _cultural heritage should be better protected through increased efforts to preserve endangered art. （ A） inalienable （ B） intangible （ C） intelligible （ D） indivisible 6 The matter is_settled; we may look upon it as being settled
4、. （ A） as long as （ B） for good （ C） for sure （ D） as good as 7 The_in our soaps should come only from essential oils, which are steamed or pressed from plants. （ A） scents （ B） scenarios （ C） scenes （ D） scales 8 Desperation, hunger, thirst, and resentment all make it more likely that people will_a
5、 more powerful figure who promises them help and/ or salvation. （ A） be prone to （ B） give in to （ C） live up to （ D） put an end to 9 Several experts have been called in to plan_for boating, tennis, refreshments and childrens games in the projected town park. （ A） equipment （ B） instruments （ C） imp
6、lement （ D） facilities 10 You can try_with the landlord for more time to pay the money. （ A） pleading （ B） requesting （ C） demanding （ D） dealing 11 Its a result more of_than anything else to win the top prize in a lottery. （ A） effort （ B） opportunity （ C） blessing （ D） chance 12 One of the_of the
7、training program is that it enables the young people to be better candidates for employment. （ A） viewpoints （ B） virtues （ C） adventures （ D） measures 13 All representatives insisted that the problems requiring immediate solution be given_. （ A） urgency （ B） emergency （ C） superiority （ D） priority
8、 14 If everybody takes an active part and says what he thinks, the discussion will surely be （ A） fruitful （ B） constructive （ C） profound （ D） lengthy 15 The weather wasnt favorable and both teams had to_icy rain and a strong wind during the match. （ A） get stuck in （ B） contend with （ C） take cont
9、rol of （ D） pin down 16 A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the_ sight on TV. （ A） pathetic （ B） frightened （ C） terrible （ D） threatened 17 Being a tough guy, he has perfect control of his won_. （ A） temper （ B） affection （ C） sentiment （ D） passion 18 The w
10、ildlife biologist told my father the Sandhill Cranes_through Warner were rare and vanishing creature. （ A） moving （ B） entering （ C） migrating （ D） emigrating 19 The doctor_Billys operation with x-rays and special exercises to make him stronger. （ A） took on （ B） followed up （ C） started up （ D） wen
11、t after 20 The joys of travel, having long_the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means. （ A） neglected （ B） missed （ C） discarded （ D） omitted 21 The governments radical policies, together with international sanctions, _ the unemployment rate in the country. （ A） accelerated （
12、 B） diffused （ C） impacted （ D） converted 22 The most_argument for persuading people to wear seat belts is the number of lives they save. （ A） imposing （ B） telling （ C） evoking （ D） citing 23 The opposition leader accused government ministers of _ the statistics to suit themselves. （ A） tempting （
13、B） blending （ C） manipulating （ D） confusing 24 To get the ship back into full working order would_spending huge amounts of money and effort. （ A） elate （ B） elaborate （ C） eject （ D） entail 25 The problem_serious moral and ethical dilemmas much more worthy of consideration than those of genetic eng
14、ineering and the like. （ A） probes （ B） poses （ C） exposes （ D） deports 26 No matter what he said to you, his manner showed an_that he did not actually agree with the proposal. （ A） objection （ B） implication （ C） enlightenment （ D） approach 27 During the period of economic recession, daily necessit
15、ies were in short supply and had to be （ A） rationed （ B） separated （ C） assigned （ D） designated 28 As she has a kindly, outgoing nature, she is a _ hostess and has a wide circle of very good friends. （ A） sober-minded （ B） stringent （ C） superb （ D） assiduous 29 He believes that religion has the c
16、apacity to function as the “cement“ holding all of a societys institutions together in a_whole. （ A） conscientious （ B） prosperous （ C） cohesive （ D） dimensional 30 All plants need light, a suitable climate, and a(n)_supply of water and minerals from the soil, but some species grow best in the sun a
17、nd others thrive in the shade. （ A） boundless （ B） supplementary （ C） continual （ D） ample 31 His sprained ankle_his chances of winning the tournament. （ A） damaged （ B） broke （ C） ruined （ D） demolished 32 When he realized he has been_to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal p
18、roceedings to cancel the agreement. （ A） elicited （ B） excited （ C） deduced （ D） induced 33 While attempting to look into the case, _. （ A） he found it was difficult （ B） the case was difficult （ C） it happened that the case is difficult （ D） difficult as the case 34 _you cannot pick me up at the ai
19、rport, please call me immediately. （ A） In order that （ B） In the event that （ C） If only （ D） Unless 35 _in doing an examination, the time passed by quickly. （ A） Being absorbed （ B） Having been absorbed （ C） When they were absorbed （ D） Be absorbed 36 His account of his experience in Antarctic can
20、not be dismissed as_. （ A） unfair （ B） incredible （ C） unpractical （ D） credulous 37 As the semester is drawing to an end, the student union is calling on its youth to_the temptation to cheat on exams. （ A） reject （ B） retreat （ C） resist （ D） refuse 38 The treaty request that all the member countri
21、es_with the price and share the profit as agreed upon. （ A） consent （ B） comply （ C） submit （ D） yield 39 _of half-starving wolves were roaming the snow-covered countryside. （ A） Swarms （ B） Packs （ C） Flocks （ D） Herds 40 Its strange that he should refuse a job in government_a university appointmen
22、t. （ A） in favor of （ B） at an advantage of （ C） in charge of （ D） in excess of 二、 Cloze 40 American suffers from an overdose of work【 C1】 _who they are or what they do. They spend【 C2】 _time at work than at any time since World War II. In 1950, the U. S. had fewer working hours than any other【 C3】
23、_country. Today, it【 C4】 _every country but Japan, where industrial employees log 2,155 hours a year compared【 C5】 _1, 951 in the U. S. and 1, 603【 C6】 _West employees. Between 1969 and 1989, employed American【 C7】 _an average of 138 hours to their yearly work schedules. The work-week【 C8】 _at about
24、 40 hours, but people are working more weeks each year. 【 C9】 _, paid time off-holidays, vacations, sick leave 【 C10】 _15 percent in the 1990s. As corporations have【 C11】 _stiffer competition and slower growth in productivity, they【 C12】 _employees to work longer. Cost-cutting layoffs in the 1980s【
25、C13】 _the professional and managerial ranks, leaving fewer people to get the job done. In lower-paid occupations【 C14】 _wages have been reduced, workers have added hours【 C15】 _overtime or extra jobs to【 C16】 _their living standard. The Government estimates that more than seven million people hold a
26、 second job. For the first time, large【 C17】 _of people say they want to cut【 C18】_on working hours, even if it means earning less money. But most employers are【 C19】 _to let them do so. The government, which has stepped back from its traditional【 C20】 _as a regulator of work time, should take steps
27、 to make shorter hours possible. 41 【 C1】 （ A） as regards to （ B） regardless of （ C） with regard to （ D） in regard to 42 【 C2】 （ A） much less （ B） abundant （ C） a lot more （ D） surplus 43 【 C3】 （ A） advanced （ B） industrialized （ C） developed （ D） mechanized 44 【 C4】 （ A） exceeds （ B） outnumbers （ C
28、） overtakes （ D） outstrips 45 【 C5】 （ A） with （ B） to （ C） in （ D） on 46 【 C6】 （ A） in the former （ B） of the past （ C） in the early （ D） in the earlier 47 【 C7】 （ A） added （ B） increased （ C） brought （ D） totaled 48 【 C8】 （ A） arrived （ B） stopped （ C） set （ D） remained 49 【 C9】 （ A） However （ B） N
29、evertheless （ C） Moreover （ D） And 50 【 C10】 （ A） lessened to （ B） shrank by （ C） deduced （ D） restrained in 51 【 C11】 （ A） suffered （ B） experienced （ C） undertaken （ D） endured 52 【 C12】 （ A） have pressed （ B） have squeezed （ C） would urge （ D） would push 53 【 C13】 （ A） minimized （ B） reduced （ C）
30、 lessened （ D） relieved 54 【 C14】 （ A） because （ B） though （ C） as （ D） where 55 【 C15】 （ A） by （ B） for （ C） to （ D） in 56 【 C16】 （ A） preserve （ B） conserve （ C） improve （ D） protect 57 【 C17】 （ A） numbers （ B） amounts （ C） figures （ D） quantities 58 【 C18】 （ A） off （ B） out （ C） back （ D） down 59
31、 【 C19】 （ A） discouraged （ B） unwilling （ C） forbidden （ D） inclined 60 【 C20】 （ A） position （ B） function （ C） task （ D） role 三、 Reading Comprehension 60 The spectacular auroral light displays that appear in Earths atmosphere around the north and south magnetic poles were once mysterious phenomena.
32、 Now, scientists have data from satellites and ground-based observations from which we know that the auroral brilliance is an immense electrical discharge similar to that occurring in a neon sign. To understand the cause of auroras, first picture the Earth enclosed by its magnetosphere, a huge regio
33、n crated by the Earths magnetic field. Outside the magnetosphere, blasting, toward the Earth is the solar wind, a swiftly moving plasma of ionized gases with its own magnetic field. Charged particles in this solar wind speed earthward along the solar winds magnetic lines of force with a spiraling mo
34、tion. The Earths magnetosphere is a barrier to solar wind, and forces the charged particles of the solar wind to flow around the magnetosphere itself. But in the polar regions, the magnetic lines of force of the Earth and of the solar wind bunch together. Here many of the solar winds charged particl
35、es break through the magnetosphere and enter Earths magnetic field. They then spiral back and forth between the Earths magnetic poles very rapidly. In the polar regions, electrons from the solar wind ionize and excite the atoms and molecules of the upper atmosphere, causing them to emit auroral radi
36、ations of visual light. The colors of an aurora depend on the atoms emitting them. The dominant greenish-white light comes from low energy excitation of oxygen atoms. During huge magnetic storms oxygen atoms also undergo high energy excitation and emit a crimson light. Excited nitrogen atoms contrib
37、ute bands of color varying from blue to violet. Viewed from outer space, auroras can be seen as dimly glowing belts wrapped around each of the Earths magnetic poles. Each aurora hangs like a curtain of light stretching over the polar regions and into the higher latitudes. When the solar flares that
38、result in magnetic storms and auroral activity are very intense, auroral displays may extend as far as the southern regions of the United States. Studies of auroras have given physicists new information about the behavior of plasmas, which has helped to explain the nature of outer space and is being
39、 applied in attempts to harness energy from the fusion of atoms. 61 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） The periodic variation in the displays of auroras. （ B） The information and appearance of auroras around the Earths poles. （ C） The factors that cause the variety of colors in auroras. （ D）
40、 The methods used to observe auroras from outer space. 62 The passage describes the magnetosphere as a barrier because_. （ A） it is strongest in the polar regions and the magnetic lines bunch together （ B） it increases the speed of the particles from the solar wind （ C） it prevents particles from th
41、e solar wind from easily entering the Earths atmosphere （ D） its position makes it difficult to be observed from the Earth 63 The word “undergo“ in Paragraph 3 most probably means_. （ A） endure （ B） encounter （ C） experience （ D） confront 64 Auroras may be seen in the southern regions of the United
42、States when_. （ A） the speed of the solar wind is reduced （ B） they are wrapped around the Earths magnetic poles （ C） magnetic storms do not affect the Earth （ D） solar flares are very intense 65 The passage supports which of the following statements about scientists understanding of auroras? （ A） B
43、efore advances in technology, scientists knew little about auroras. （ B） Scientists cant yet explain the causes of the different colors in auroras. （ C） New knowledge about the fusion of atoms allowed scientists to learn more about auroras. （ D） Until scientists learn more about plasma physics, litt
44、le knowledge about auroras will be available. 65 No matter how many times you have seen images of the golden mask of boyking Tutankhamen, come face to face with it in Egypts Cairo museum, and you will suck in your breath. It was on Nov. 4, 1923, that British archaeologist Howard Carter stumbled on a
45、 stone at the base of the tomb of another pharaoh(法老 )in Luxor that eventually led to a sealed doorway. Then, on Nov. 23, Carter found a second door and when he stuck his head through it, what he saw was to suck the world. Inside lay the great stone coffin, enclosing three chests of gilded wood. A f
46、ew months later, when a crane lifted its granite cover and one coffin after another was removed; Carter found a solid block of gold weighing 110kg. In it was the mummy(木乃伊 )of the 19-year-old Tutankhamen, covered in gold with that splendid funeral mask. And all this lay buried for more than 3, 000 y
47、ears. Months after my trip to Egypt, I can relive the rush of emotion I felt and sense the hush that descended on the crammed Cairo museums Tutankhamen gallery. Cairo, a dusty city of 20 million people, is a place where time seems to both stand still and rush into utter chaos. It is a place where th
48、e ancient and contemporary happily go along on parallel tracks. Take the Great Pyramids of Giza, sitting on the western edge of the city. Even as the setting sun silhouettes these gigantic structures against the great desert expanse, a call for prayer floats over semifinished apartment blocks filled with the activity of city life. While careful planning for the afterlife may lie buried underground in Cairo, it is noise and confusion on the streets. Donkey carts battle for space with pedestrians and the only operative road rule is “ might is right. “ But it i
