1、上海交通大学考博英语模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Although it is only a small business,its_is surprisingly high. （ A） turn-up （ B） turn-over （ C） turn-about （ D） turn-out 2 Unfortunately not all of us obtain our just_in this life. （ A） demands （ B） gains （ C） deserts （ D） wins 3 That contract, wi
2、th which we had a disagreement last month,has now gone_. （ A） through （ B） down （ C） over （ D） around 4 The_of two houses proved such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one. （ A） upsurge （ B） upshot （ C） upturn （ D） upkeep 5 _through the attic and see if you can find anything for the j
3、umble sale. （ A） Leash （ B） Rummage （ C） Flutter （ D） Scrape 6 How about a glass of orange juice to_your thirst? （ A） quash （ B） quell （ C） quench （ D） quieten 7 Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book,she is always_her place. （ A） missing （ B） slipping （ C） bothering （
4、D） losing 8 She was putting on her watch when the_broke and it fell to the ground. （ A） belt （ B） string （ C） tie （ D） strap 9 I washed this dress and the color_. （ A） flowed （ B） escaped （ C） ran （ D） removed 10 The recent economic crisis has brought about a_in world trade. （ A） sag （ B） tilt （ C）
5、droop （ D） slump 11 Although we decorated the room only six months ago, the paint on the ceiling is already_because of the damp. （ A） crumbling （ B） flaking （ C） disintegrating （ D） splintering 12 The false banknotes fooled many people,but they did not_to close examination. （ A） put up （ B） keep up
6、（ C） stand up （ D） look up 13 They Were making enough noise at the party to wake the_. （ A） dead （ B） living （ C） lunatic （ D） crippled 14 If you would like to send a donation,you can_a cheque to the Food Organization of Children. （ A） make up （ B） make for （ C） make out （ D） make off 15 The student
7、s visited the museum and spent several hours with the_,who was very helpful. （ A） curator （ B） bursar （ C） commissioner （ D） steward 16 The accused man was able to prove his innocence at the trial and was_. （ A） absolved （ B） acquitted （ C） pardoned （ D） executed 17 Mary was extremely lucky:when her
8、 great-uncle died,she_a fortune. （ A） came by （ B） came over （ C） came into （ D） came through 18 The drunken couple did nothing to keep the flat clean and tidy and hived in the utmost_. （ A） decay （ B） contamination （ C） squalor （ D） confinement 19 Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply
9、in the morning but_slightly in the afternoon. （ A） recovered （ B） recuperated （ C） retrieved （ D） regained 20 He tries to_himself with everyone by paying them compliments. （ A） please （ B） ingratiate （ C） placate （ D） remunerate 21 I was afraid to open the door lest the beggar_me. （ A） followed （ B）
10、 were to follow （ C） follow （ D） would follow 22 By the end of the day the flood water which had covered most of the town had_. （ A） reversed （ B） retired （ C） returned （ D） receded 23 Educational policies made_the hoof by successive secretaries of state are the main reason for low teacher morale. （
11、 A） in （ B） on （ C） by （ D） along 24 It was obvious that he had been drinking far too much from the way he came_down the street. （ A） toddling （ B） hobbling （ C） loping （ D） staggering 25 He was a generous friend but as a businessman he_a hard bargain （ A） dealt （ B） contracted （ C） drove （ D） faked
12、 26 My friends son,who is a soldier, was delighted when he was_only a few miles from home. （ A） placed （ B） stationed （ C） deported （ D） exorcized 27 In a coal-mining area,the land tends to_causing damage to roads and buildings. （ A） subside （ B） diminish （ C） confiscate （ D） cede 28 As the cat lay
13、asleep, it dreamed her whiskers_. （ A） twitched （ B） twisted （ C） jerked （ D） jogged 29 The total_from last months charity dance were far more than expected. （ A） warnings （ B） acquisitions （ C） proceeds （ D） subsidies 30 The new manager had many difficulties to overcome but he_them all in his strid
14、e. （ A） overlooked （ B） obtained （ C） tackled （ D） took 31 We were_in the middle of our conversation. （ A） cut off （ B） cut down （ C） cut in （ D） cut out 32 32._fire tests gold,so does adversity tests courage. （ A） Like （ B） Alike （ C） As （ D） Comparing 33 My grandpa gave me a watch,which is made of
15、 gold,_I keep to this day. （ A） and thus （ B） and （ C） so （ D） and which 34 I dont mind a bit if you bring your friends in for a drink,but it is rather too much when ten people arrive_for dinner. （ A） unusually （ B） excessively （ C） consequently （ D） unexpectedly 35 The police accused him of setting
16、 fire to the building but he denied_in the area on the night of the fire. （ A） to be （ B） to have been （ C） having been （ D） be 36 Look at this mess! If only I_your advice. （ A） follow （ B） had followed （ C） would follow （ D） have followed 37 Some companies have introduced flexible working time with
17、 less emphasis on pressure_. （ A） than more on efficiency （ B） and more efficiency （ C） and more on efficiency （ D） than efficiency 38 Though I had tried to explain it as clearly as possible,my explanation seemed not to_. （ A） get up （ B） get along （ C） get across （ D） get down 39 We will see_the ch
18、ildren are properly educated. （ A） to them （ B） to that （ C） to it whether （ D） to it that 40 The famous inventor was awarded an_doctorate by the university. （ A） honorary （ B） honorable （ C） honored （ D） honorific 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 Nowadays,with plentiful ice and electric churning,few peo
19、ple recall the shared excitement of the era when making ice cream was a rarely scheduled event. Then the iceman brought to the back door,on special order, a handsome 2-foot-square cube of cold crystal and everyone in the family took a turn at the crank. The critical question among us children was,of
20、 course,who might lick the dasher. A century or so ago the novelist Stendhal knew only hand-churned ice cream and,when he first tasted it.exclaimed, “What a pity this isnt a sin! “ Hand-churning is still tops for perfectionists for no power-driven machine has yet been invented that can achieve a com
21、parable texture. Even French Pot,the very best commercial method for making ice cream,calls for finishing by hand. Ice creams are based on carefully cooked well-chilled syrups and heavy custards,added to un-whipped cream. No form of vanilla flavoring can surpass that of vanilla sugar or of the bean
22、itself .steeped in a hot syrup. If sweetened frozen fruits are incorporated into the cream mixture instead of flesh fruits, be sure to adjust sugar content accordingly. Make up mixtures for chum-frozen ice creams the day before you freeze,to increase fill the container only 3/4 full to permit expans
23、ion. To pack the freezer,allow 3 to 6 quarts of chipped or cracked ice to 1 cup of coarse rock salt. Pack about 1/3 of the freezer with ice and add layers of salt and ice around the container until the freezer is full. Allow the pack to stand about 3 minutes before you start turning. Turn slowly at
24、first,about 40 revolutions a minute,until a slight pull is felt. Then triple speed for 5 to 6 minutes. If any additions,such as finely cut candied or flesh fruits or nuts are to be made,do so at this point. Then repack and taper off the churning to about 80 revolutions a minute for a few minutes mor
25、e. The cream should be ready in 10 to 20 minutes,depending on the quality. If the ice cream or ice is to be used at once,it should be frozen harder than if you plan to serve it later. Should the interval be 2 hours or more,packing will firm it. To pack,pour off the salt water in the freezer and wipe
26、 off the lid. Remove the dasher carefully,making sure that no salt or water gets into the cream container. Scrape the cream down from the sides of the container. Place a cork in the lid and replace the lid. Repack the container in the freezer with additional ice and salt,using the same proportions a
27、s before. Cover the freezer with newspapers,a piece of carpet or other heavy material. The cream should be smooth when served. If it proves granular,you used too much salt in the packing mixture,overfilled the inner container with the ice cream mixture or turned too rapidly. If you are mak-ing a lar
28、ge quantity with the idea of storing some in the deep-freeze,package in sizes you plan on serving. Should ice cream be allowed to melt even slightly and is then refrozen, it loses in volume and even more in good texture. 41 In the first paragraph, “took a turn at the crank“ could be paraphrased_. （
29、A） helped to mix the ice cream （ B） ate some ice cream （ C） helped break up the ice with a hammer （ D） protected the ice cream from children 42 According to the writer, truly perfect ice cream_. （ A） is now common and inexpensive at most stores （ B） is only possible with hand labor （ C） should be me
30、lted and then refrozen （ D） needs to be a sin 43 When ice cream is being hand-churned, it is surrounded by a mixture of_. （ A） syrup and cream （ B） syrup and ice （ C） salt and ice （ D） flesh fruit and ice 44 In Paraaraph Four, “taper off“ means_. （ A） cut up （ B） stop （ C） speed up （ D） slow down 45
31、 This passage reflects an era when_. （ A） people liked a little salt in their ice cream （ B） making ice cream was an occasional form of family entertainment （ C） ice cream was not popular （ D） people did not know now to make cheese with their cream 45 Food and drink play a major role in Christmas ce
32、lebrations in most countries,but in few more so than in Mexico. Many families over the festive season will do little more than cook and ingest a seemingly constant cycle of tortillas,fried beans,meat both roasted and stewed,and sticky desserts for days on end. Thus does the extended family keep on e
33、xtending further and further over their collective waistlines. Lucky them,you might think. Except that Mexicos bad eating habits are leading to a health crisis that most Mexicans seem blissfully unaware of. Obesity and its related disorder,diabetes,are now major health concerns in a country where la
34、rge rural regions are still concerned more with under than with over nourishment. In its perennial rivalry with the United States, Mexico has at last found an area in which it can match its northern neighbor mouthful for mouthful. The statistics are impressive,and alarming. According to the OECD, Me
35、xico is now the second fattest nation in that group of 30 countries. A health poll in 1999 found that 35%of women were overweight .and another 24% technically obese. Juan Rivera,an official at the National Institute of Public Health,says that the combined figure for men would be about 55%,and that a
36、 similar poll to be carried out next year will show the fat quotient rising. Only the United States,with combined figures of over 60%,is a head. That situation also varies geographically. Although Mexicans populate the north of their country more sparsely that the south,they make up for it weight-wi
37、se. A Study published by the Pan-American Health Organization a month ago showed that in the mostly Hispanic population that lives on either side of the American-Mexican border,fully 74% of men and 70%of women are either over weight or obese. Moreover,even experts have been surprised by how rapidly
38、the nation has swollen. Whereas the 1999 poll showed 59% of women overweight or obese,only 11 years previously that figure was just 33%. Nowhere is the transformation more noticeable than in the prevalence of diabetes,closely linked to overeating and obesity. In 1968,says Joel,Rodriguez of the Mexic
39、an Diabetes Federation,the disease was in 35th place as a direct cause of mortality in Mexico,but now it occupies first place,above both cancer and heart disease. With about 6. 5m diabetics out of a population of 100m,Mexico now has a higher rate than any other large country in the world. Not surpri
40、singly,Mr. Rodriguez argues that Mexico is in the grip of an “epidemic“. Nor does it tax the brain much to work out that the causes of these explosions in obesity and diabetes are the Mexican diet and a lack of exercise. For most Mexicans,food consumption,not just at Christmas but all year round,is
41、an unvarying combination of retried beans,tortillas,meat and refrescos.or fizzy drinksjthey consume 101 liters of cola drinks per person per year,just a little less than Americans and three times as much as Brazilians. Meanwhile,the lack of exercise,Mr. Rivera argues,is a symptom of rapid urbanizati
42、on over the past 30 years. Obesity and diabetes rates remain slightly lower in rural areas,indicating that manual labor endures as an effective way to stave off weight gain. In Mexico City,though,pollution and crime have progressively driven people out of the parks and the streets,so most now walk a
43、s little as possible preferably no further than from the valet-parking service to the restaurant. To combat the fat,health professionals say that the country must first realize that it is indeed in the grip of an epidemic. Other diseases,such as AIDS and cancer,have captured most of the publicity in
44、 recent yearsjobesity and diabetes have been comparatively neglected. But these are also,as in other developing countries,mainly problems of the urban poor. It is a symp-tan of their growing prosperity that these parts of the population have,probably for the first time,almost unlimited access to the
45、 greatest amount of calories for the smallest amount of money. But with little knowledge of nutritional values,their diets are now unbalanced and unhealthy. Low-carb products and other dietary imports from the United States have already made an appearance on the posher Mexican supermarket shelves. T
46、hey may go into be shopping baskets of the rake-thin and utterly unrepresentative models who dominate the countrys advertising hoardings. But they are still comparatively expensive. For the heaving mass of the population,things may have to get worse before the government,doctors and consumers realiz
47、e that things have got to start getting better. 46 The phrase “on end“ in the first paragraph can be replaced by_. （ A） until all been consumed （ B） upright （ C） continuously （ D） until the last day 47 Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage? （ A） Mexicans are eating a lot
48、because of the countrys affluence. （ B） Mexicans can match Americans in the nourishment of their diet. （ C） Mexicans only overeat during festive seasons. （ D） Mexico is now the second fattest nation in this world. 48 Judging by the context,the word “perennial“ in the second paragraph most probably m
49、eans_. （ A） perpetual （ B） recurring （ C） transient （ D） perilous 49 Which is the most significant cause of mortality in Mexico? （ A） Cancer （ B） Heart disease （ C） Diabetes （ D） Epidemic 50 It is known from the passage that from 1988 to 1999 the figure of women overweight or obese in Mexico rose by_. （ A） 30% （ B） 26% （ C） 0.35 （ D） 0.55 50 The image was riveting, as justice John Paul Stevens, a Chicago native
