1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 210及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 University Awards The BA (or Bachelor of Arts) and the BSc (or Bachelor of Science) are also called “【 1】
3、 “. Some British universities offer 4-year courses for foreign students which are made up of one【 2】 year plus three years of degree courses. Diploma courses are usually more narrowly【 3】 and more professionally【 4】 . Over the past twenty years, a large number of additional Master degrees have been
4、introduced which combine a quite small piece of research with a【 5】 amount of course work. The PhD (or Doctor of Philosophy), is only awarded for a piece of research which shows great depth and considerable【 6】 . The honorary degrees are actually given to people who have【 7】themselves in some field
5、of【 8】 activity outside. Course examinations can be divided into objective and subjective test. The objective test is considered to be a good test of【 9】 knowledge. The subjective tests are always in the forms of essays and【 10】 . 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 1
6、0】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now
7、listen to the interview. 11 Who is not qualified to use the library? （ A） post-graduate students （ B） senior university students （ C） professionals （ D） teachers of history 12 Which of the following things is NOT included in the process of application for membership? （ A） Fill in an application form
8、. （ B） Get the application form stamped at ones work unit. （ C） Pay a deposit. （ D） Pay library fee. 13 The total library fee for a foreign student in his three-year post-graduate program is _. （ A） 150 yuan （ B） 50 yuan （ C） 30 yuan （ D） 10 yuan 14 The utmost number of books one can borrow at a tim
9、e is _. （ A） six （ B） five （ C） four （ D） three 15 The video one borrowed must be returned _. （ A） within a month （ B） within two weeks （ C） within one week （ D） within five days SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
10、 the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which group is generally expected to win a majority in the new parliament? （ A） The pro-Syrian alliance （ B） The anti-Syrian alliance （ C） The Labor Party （ D） The Liberal Party 17 The
11、donors come from the following international groups EXCEPT _. （ A） AU （ B） UN （ C） EU （ D） NATO 18 If Iran resumes uranium enrichment, it will first face the examination of _. （ A） EU （ B） UN Security Council （ C） International Atomic Energy Agency （ D） UN General Assembly 19 How many US soldiers we
12、re there on board? （ A） seven （ B） eleven （ C） fifteen （ D） seventeen 20 Senior military and diplomatic representatives from _ held a meeting on Tuesday. （ A） Afghanistan, Palestine and the United States （ B） Afghanistan, Turkistan and the United States （ C） Turkistan, Pakistan and the United States
13、 （ D） Afghanistan, Pakistan and the United States 20 Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening v
14、ast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the premodern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely
15、two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almos
16、t every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550
17、,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years lots that could have housed five to six million people. Of
18、 course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by
19、 thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or Outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create deman
20、d as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth. 21 With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? （ A） Types of mass transportation. （ B） Instability of urban life. （ C） How
21、supply and demand determine land use. （ D） The effect of mass transportation on urban expansion. 22 Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago? （ A） To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth. （ B） To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation. （ C） To show mass trans
22、portation changed many cities. （ D） To contrast their rate of growth. 23 According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion? （ A） It was expensive. （ B） It happened too slowly. （ C） It was unplanned. （ D） It created a demand for public transportation. 24 The author mentions
23、 Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city, _. （ A） which is large （ B） which is used as a model for land development （ C） where the development of land exceeded population growth （ D） with an excellent mass transportation system 24 If you smoke and you still dont believe that theres a
24、 definite link between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This neednt make you too uncomfortable because you are in
25、good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of
26、the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death. You dont have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. Its almost like a ta
27、x on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivable, be harmful, it doesnt do to shout too loudly about it. This is surely
28、the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives ar
29、e lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether. Of course, we are not ready for such a drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples, youd think theyd conduct aggres
30、sive anti-smoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisement alwa
31、ys depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense! For a start, governments could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco a
32、dvertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning
33、 say, a picture of a deaths head should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals, we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves. 25 Why do a few governments take timid measures toward smoking? （ A） Becaus
34、e they are afraid of people. （ B） Because diseases cost a lot. （ C） Because they are afraid of the cutting down of their revenue. （ D） Because they are afraid of manufacturers. 26 The tone of this passage is _. （ A） critical （ B） ironical （ C） distaste （ D） amusing 27 What does the sentence “because
35、 you are in good company“ in Para. 1 mean? （ A） Because you are backed by the government. （ B） Because you are not alone. （ C） Because you have good colleagues. （ D） Because governments are blind to evils of smoking too. 28 Which of the following is the best idea of this passage? （ A） World governme
36、nts should conduct serious campaigns against smoking. （ B） World governments take timid measures against smoking. （ C） Smoking is the most important source of income to many countries. （ D） Tobacco industry spends a large sum of money on medical research. 28 Greece, economically, is in the black. Wi
37、th very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from “invisible earnings“ to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only 285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroa
38、d, the country takes in an additional 375 million and this washes out the almost 400 million by which imports exceed exports. It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus 66 million. Greece has a decen
39、t reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties to obtain parliamentary majorities. In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I dont mean to minimize the vast extent of Greeces problems. It is the p
40、oorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of 60 to 70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countrysides, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industri
41、al base. Some years ago I wrote here: “Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek governments re
42、d tape and shrewdness about small points.“ Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and t
43、o the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook. Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities, Tourism its
44、elf has jumped from approximately 31 million to over 90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome without
45、 the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either. 29 The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is _. （ A） Greek income and expenditures （ B） The improving economic situation in Greece （ C） The value of tourism （ D） Military expenditures 30 Many peasants earn less than _.
46、（ A） 60 a week （ B） 2 a week （ C） 1 a day （ D） 10 a month 31 The Greek Government spends _. （ A） more than 25% of its budget on military terms （ B） More than its collects （ C） A third of a billion dollars in gold （ D） Less than 25% of its budget on military terms 32 According to the passage, Greece
47、has _. （ A） a dictatorship （ B） a monarchy （ C） a single majority party （ D） too much red tape 33 Greece imports annually goods and materials _. （ A） totaling almost 700 million （ B） that balance exports （ C） that are paid by tourists （ D） costing 66 million 33 To produce the upheaval in the United
48、States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860s to the mid 1800s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced
49、 kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive “Young Yale“ movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the colleges poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by th
