1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 281及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal communication is usually referred to as the “hidden dimension“ of commu
3、nication, which is at times so 【 1】 _ that we 【 1】 _ hardly recognize it. Our intense emotions are usually conveyed by gestures, body position, facial expression, vocal 【 2】 _, eye contact, use of【 3】【 2】_ _, and touching. 【 3】 _ Two points about how nonverbal communication functions: -The nonverbal
4、 cues are sometimes the only way to communicate. -The nonverbal cues can help interpret the verbal message. The cues can signal the message of humor and 【 4】 _. 【 4】 _ Another area of nonverbal communication: Body bubbles, also termed proxemics, refers to our 【 5】 _ space. 【 5】 _ Were seldom conscio
5、us of body bubbles until somebody comes too close or 【 6】 _ our private space. We tend to adapt our body position when our 【 6】_ 【 7】 _ are invaded. 【 7】 _ Many factors that influence body bubbles: a. Personal 【 8】 _. 【 8】 _ b. The social context. c. Gender relationship. d. 【 9】 _. 【 9】 _ The conver
6、sational space between two Latin American people is 【 10】 _ than the space between two Asian people. 【 10】 _ 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer th
7、e questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to Bob, Sri Lanka is well-known for the following EXCEPT _. （ A） beach （ B） high mou
8、ntains （ C） jungles （ D） waterfalls 12 What is the purpose of Bobs trip to Sri Lanka? （ A） To spend his holidays. （ B） To participate in a business negotiation. （ C） To meet his Australian friend there. （ D） To attract Sri Lankan students to undertake degree studies in Australia. 13 What are the stu
9、dents from Sri Lanka most interested in according to Bob? （ A） Accountancy and computing. （ B） Business and finance. （ C） Law and business. （ D） Architecture and engineering. 14 Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the current situation in Sri Lanka? （ A） Students have difficulty in finding jobs. （
10、 B） There exists an internal strife. （ C） The economy is in a recession. （ D） The economy is developing rapidly. 15 What are the parents in Sri Lanka most concerned about if they send their children to Australia? （ A） Expenditure. （ B） Safety. （ C） Cultural difference. （ D） Accommodation SECTION C N
11、EWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 What is NOT true about Nicodemus? （ A） It has now developed into a modern c
12、ity. （ B） The first settlers there were all freed black slaves. （ C） It used to be a barren spot. （ D） It is part of the black pioneer culture. 17 The first public building in Nicodemus was （ A） a small hotel. （ B） a schoolhouse. （ C） a hut. （ D） two churches. 18 Which of the following statements is
13、 correct? （ A） The Maryland State Fair is held annually. （ B） The Maryland State Fair is held by farmers. （ C） The fair as we know it has a long history of hundreds of years. （ D） Fairs were originated a hundred years ago. 19 Health experts meet in Geneva to （ A） draw a map of affected area. （ B） ma
14、ke a plan for fighting against bird flu. （ C） make a combat. （ D） find ways to prevent human flu. 20 Director Klaus Stohr predicts that about _ people would be put into hospital for medical treatment. （ A） 3 million （ B） 7 million （ C） 28 million （ D） 40 million 20 She broke off with a little shudde
15、r. It was a relief to Framton Nuttel when the aunt bustled into the room with a whirl of apologies for being late in making her appearance. “I hope Vera has been amusing you?“ she said. “She has been very interesting,“ said Framton. “I hope you dont mind the open window.“ said Mrs. Sappleton briskly
16、. “My husband and brothers will be home directly from shooting, and they always come in this way. Theyve been out for snipe in the marshes today, so theyll make a fine mess over my poor carpets. So like you menfolk, isnt it?“ She rattled on cheerfully about the shooting and the scarcity of birds, an
17、d the prospects for duck in the winter. To Framton it was all purely horrible. He made a desperate but only partially successful effort to turn the talk on to a less ghastly topic; he was conscious that his hostess was giving him only a fragment of her attention, and her eyes were constantly strayin
18、g past him to the open window and the lawn beyond. It was certainly an unfortunate coincidence that he should have paid his visit on this tragic anniversary. “The doctors agree in ordering me complete rest, an absence of mental excitement, and avoidance of anything in the nature of violent physical
19、exercise,“ announced Framton, who laboured under the tolerably widespread delusion that total strangers and chance acquaintances are hungry for the least detail of ones infirmities, their cause and cure. “On the matter of diet they are not so much in agreement,“ he continued. “No?“ said Mrs. Sapplet
20、on, in a voice which only replaced a yawn at the last moment. Then she suddenly brightened into alert attention-but not to what Framton was saying. “Here they are at last!“ she cried. “Just in time for tea, and dont they look as if they were muddy up to the eyes!“ Framton shivered slightly and turne
21、d towards the niece with a look intended to convey sympathetic comprehension. The child was staring out through the open window with a dazed horror in her eyes. In a chill shock of nameless fear Framton swung round in his seat and looked in the same direction. In the deepening twilight three figures
22、 were walking across the lawn towards the window, they all carried guns under their arms, and one of them was additionally burdened with a white coat hung over his shoulders. A tired brown spaniel kept close at their heels. Noiselessly they neared the house, and then a hoarse young voice chanted out
23、 of the dusk: “I said, Bertie, why do you bound?“ Framton grabbed wildly at his stick and hat; the hall door, the gravel drive, and the front gate were dimly noted stages in his headlong retreat. A cyclist coming along the road had to run into the hedge to avoid imminent collision. “Here we are, my
24、dear,“ said the bearer of the white mackintosh, coming in through the window, “fairly muddy, but most of its dry. Who was that who bolted out as we came up?“ “A most extraordinary man, a Mr. Nuttel,“ said Mrs. Sappleton, “could only talk about his illnesses, and dashed off without a word of goodbye
25、or apology when you arrived. One would think he had seen a ghost.“ “I expect it was the spaniel,“ said the niece calmly. “He told me he had s horror of dogs. He was once hunted into a cemetery somewhere on the banks of the Ganges by a pack of pariah dogs, and had to spend the night in a newly dug gr
26、ave with the creatures snarling and grinning and foaming just above him, Enough to make anyone lose their nerve.“ Romance at short notice was her speciality. 21 It can be inferred from the passage that Mrs. Sappleton was all EXCEPT （ A） courteous. （ B） extroverted. （ C） talkative. （ D） deceitful. 22
27、 Which adjective can best describe Framtons feeling when talking with Mrs. Sappleton? （ A） Apprehensive. （ B） Churlish. （ C） Glum. （ D） Respectful. 23 The word “infirmities“ in the sixth paragraph probably means （ A） personalities. （ B） behaviors. （ C） ailments. （ D） accomplices. 24 Framton dashed o
28、ff without a word of goodbye or apology because （ A） he could not bear Mrs. Sappletons chattering. （ B） he suffered from a severe mental illness. （ C） he was afraid of the brown spaniel. （ D） he was horrified by the three men. 24 Long-married couples often schedule a weekly “date night“a regular eve
29、ning out with friends or at a favorite restaurant to strengthen their marital bond. But brain and behavior researchers say many couples are going about date night all wrong. Simply spending quality time together is probably not enough to prevent a relationship from getting stale. Using laboratory st
30、udies, real-world experiments and even brain-scan data, scientists can now offer longmarried couples a simple prescription for rekindling the romantic love that brought them together in the first place. The solution? Reinventing date night. Rather than visiting the same familiar haunts and dining wi
31、th the same old friends, couples need to tailor their date nights around new and different activities that they both enjoy, says Arthur Aron, a professor of social psychology at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. The goal is to find ways to keep injecting novelty into the relationship.
32、 The activity can be as simple as trying a new restaurant or something a little more unusual or thrillinglike taking an art class or going to an amusement park. The theory is based on brain science. New experiences activate the brains reward system, flooding it with dopamine and norepinephrine. Thes
33、e are the same brain circuits that are ignited in early romantic love, a time of exhilaration and obsessive thoughts about a new partner. (They are also the brain chemicals involved in drug addiction and obsessive-compulsive disorder. ) Most studies of love and marriage show that the decline of roma
34、ntic love over time is inevitable. The butterflies of early romance quickly flutter away and are replaced by familiar, predictable feelings of long-term attachment. But several experiments show that noveltysimply doing new things together as a couplemay help bring the butterflies back, recreating th
35、e chemical surges of early courtship. Over the past several years, Dr. Aron and his colleagues have tested the novelty theory in a series of experiments with long-married couples. In one of the earliest studies, the researchers recruited 53 middle-aged couples. Using standard questionnaires, the res
36、earchers measured the couples relationship quality and then randomly assigned them to one of three groups. One group was instructed to spend 90 minutes a week doing pleasant and familiar activities, like dining out or going to a movie. Couples in another group were instructed to spend 90 minutes a w
37、eek on “exciting“ activities that appealed to both husband and wife. Those couples did things they didnt typically doattending concerts or plays, skiing, hiking and dancing. The third group was not assigned any particular activity. After 10 weeks, the couples again took tests to gauge the quality of
38、 their relationships. Those who had undertaken the “exciting“ date nights showed a significantly greater increase in marital satisfaction than the “pleasant“ date night group. While the results were compelling, they werent conclusive. The experiment didnt occur in a controlled setting, and numerous
39、variables could have affected the final results. More recently, Dr. Aron and colleagues have created laboratory experiments to test the effects of novelty on marriage. In one set of experiments, some couples are assigned a mundane task that involves simply walking back and forth across a room. Other
40、 couples, however, take part in a more challenging exercisetheir wrists and ankles are bound together as they crawl back and forth pushing a ball. Before and after the exercise, the couples were asked things like, “How bored are you with your current relationship?“ The couples who took part in the m
41、ore challenging and novel activity showed bigger increases in love and satisfaction scores, while couples performing the mundane task showed no meaningful changes. Dr. Aron cautions that novelty alone is probably not enough to save a marriage in crisis. But for couples who have a reasonably good but
42、 slightly dull relationship, novelty may help reignite old sparks. And recent brain-scan studies show that romantic love really can last years into a marriage. Last week, at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology conference in Albuquerque, researchers presented brain-scan data on several
43、men and women who had been married for 10 or more years. Interviews and questionnaires suggested they were still intensely in love with their partners. Brain scans confirmed it, showing increased brain activity associated with romantic love when the subjects saw pictures of their spouses. Its not cl
44、ear why some couples are able to maintain romantic intensity even after years together. But the scientists believe regular injections of novelty and excitement most likely play a rote. 25 Acconding to the passage, which is the right way for long-married couples to have a date night? （ A） To find the
45、ir friends to chat in a cafe. （ B） To have a walk and talk about their future plans. （ C） To take a training class together. （ D） To go to see a movie they both enjoy. 26 The application of the novelty theory is NOT affected by （ A） brains reward system. （ B） brain chemicals. （ C） a couples present
46、relationship. （ D） the means of experiments. 27 The word “mundane“ in Paragraph 12 means （ A） original. （ B） ordinary. （ C） imaginative. （ D） novel. 28 In Dr. Arons early experiment, （ A） he gave a very systematic and conclusive experiment. （ B） he used brain scan to help him. （ C） he gained a relat
47、ively satisfactory result. （ D） he proves novelty can save an unsuccessful marriage. 29 Which of the following is NOT true about the novelty theory? （ A） It provides a way for long-married couples to improve their relationship. （ B） It helps to explain why some couples passion for each other can las
48、t long. （ C） It is the result of many means of scientific experiments. （ D） It reveals that some couples are doing wrong when they date. 29 Jonas Frisen had his eureka moment in 1997. Back then, scientists suspected that there was a special type of cell in the brain that had the power to give rise t
49、o new brain cells. If they could harness these so-called neural stem cells to regenerate damaged brain tissue, they might someday find a cure for such brain diseases as Alzheimers and Parkinsons. But first they had to figure out where neural stem cells were and what they looked like. Frisen, then a freshly minted Ph. D. at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, was peering through his microscope at some tissue taken from a rats injured s
