1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 385及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 To see how big carriers could control the online world, you must understand its structures. Earthlink giv
3、es Jennifer access to the Internet, much in the way than an onramp puts a driver on the national highway system. Earthlink is a local internet service provider, and it will send the【 1】 to an Internet “【 2】 provider“, to route it along its way. These Internet players typically own and lease long-hau
4、l fiber-optic cables spanning a large region. They also own the communications gear that directs【 3】 over the Internet. They connect to each other to exchange data between their customers, like the highway system over which most of the freight of the Internet travels to reach its【 4】 . Now, instead
5、of the National Science Foundation, there are many of them that-link together to provide the global【 5】 , that is the Internet. The problem was, as the Internet grew, the public points became overburdened and traffic showed at these bottlenecks. So they started making arrangements with each other. A
6、nd they arent changing peers now,but there is a lot of discussion about whether they should. And the industry has not figured out how to【 6】 who owes what to whom if fees should be changed. Since the Internet was【 7】 , it has grown by leaps and bounds into a remarkably successful communications medi
7、um without government【 8】 -and most want to stay that way. But the Internet has matured to a point that more uniform rules are needed to【 9】 competition. Those who can afford to pay the price can become peers. Peering would be determined by the【 10】 rather than by a private company with its own comp
8、etitive interests. SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five
9、 questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Where does the conversation take place? （ A） In the student recreation center. （ B） In the campus dining hall. （ C） In the university bookstore. （ D） In a classroom. 12 How does the woman plan to spend her evening? （ A） Studying. （ B） Preparing snacks. （ C
10、） Playing cards. （ D） Learning how to play bridg 13 What will the woman probably do if she is the dummy? （ A） Watch her player. （ B） Play her cards in cooperation with her partner. （ C） Quit the game. （ D） Teach the man how to play bridg 14 What does the man warn the woman not to do? （ A） Miss her c
11、ard game. （ B） Stay up too late. （ C） Take too heavy a work load next semester. （ D） Neglect her studies to play bridg 15 Why doesnt the man accept the womans offer? （ A） He already knows how to play. （ B） He doesnt like to play games. （ C） He doesnt have a partner. （ D） He doesnt have enough free t
12、im SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Ste. Genevieve is known for the following EXCEPT （ A） French
13、colonial architecture. （ B） French traditions. （ C） historic preservation. （ D） alternate ownership. 17 What is the main idea of the news item? （ A） Somalia is re-infected with polio virus. （ B） Somalia has successfully eradicated polio. （ C） Somalia suffers from indigenous polio. （ D） Polio still p
14、ersists in developing countries. 18 According to the WHO, what does the success that Somalia has achieved show? （ A） Polio can be re-infected with virus originating from other countries. （ B） Polio can be eventually wiped out however persistent it may seem. （ C） Polio can be eradicated from areas wh
15、ere no central government functions. （ D） Polio can be eliminated from developing countries where it persists. 19 How many people were on board when the tour bus crashed? （ A） Five. （ B） Six. （ C） Seven. （ D） Forty-five. 20 According to a police spokesman, what did initial inquiries show? （ A） Rick
16、Vega was found to have a bad driving record. （ B） Navaira had been drinking before the accident. （ C） Joe Casias had been speeding before the accident. （ D） Navaira was found to have no bus-driving license. 20 If you want to see what it takes to set up an entirely new financial center (and what is b
17、est avoided), head for Dubai. This tiny, sun-baked patch of sand in the midst of a war-torn and isolated region started with few advantages other than a long tradition as a hub for Middle Eastern trade routes. But over the past few years Dubal has built a new financial center from nothing. Dozens of
18、 the worlds leading financial institutions have opened offices in its new financial district, hoping to grab a portion of the $2 trillion-plus investment from the Gulf. Some say there is more hype than business, but few big firms are willing to risk missing out. Dealmaking in Dubai centers around Th
19、e Gate, a cube-shaped structure at the heart of the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC). A brainchild of the riding A1-Maktoum family, the DIFC is a tax-free zone for wholesale financial services. Finns licensed for it are not approved to serve the local financial market. The DIFC alms to be
20、come the leading wholesale financial centre in the Gulf, offering one-stop shopping for everything from stocks to sukuk (Islamic) bonds, investment banking and insurance. In August the Dubai bourse made a bid for a big stake in OMX, a Scandinavian exchange operator that also sells trading technology
21、 to many of the worlds exchanges. Dubai may have generated the biggest splash thus far, but much of the Gulf region has seen a surge of activity in recent years. Record flows of petrodollars have enabled governments in the area to spend billions on infrastructure projects and development. Personal w
22、ealth too is growing rapidly. According to Capgemini and Merrill Lynch, the number of people in the Middle East with more than $1m in financial assets rose by nearly 12% last year, to 300,000. Qatar, Bahrain and Abu Dhabi also have big aspirations for their financial hubs, though they keep a lower p
23、rofile than Dubai. They, too, are trying to learn from more established financial centers what they must do to achieve the magic mix of transparent regulation, good infrastructure and low or no taxes. Some of the fiercest competition among them is for talent. Most English-speaking professionals have
24、 to be imported. Each of the Gulf hubs, though, has its own distinct characteristics. Abu Dhabi is trying to present itself as a more cultured, less congested alternative to neighboring Dubai, and is building a huge Guggenheim museum. Energy-rich Qatar is an important hub for infrastructure finance,
25、 with ambitions to develop further business in wealth management, private equity, retail banking and insurance. Bahrain is well established in Islamic banking, but it is facing new competition from London, Kuala Lumpur and other hubs that have caught on to Islamic finance. “If youve got one string t
26、o your bow and suddenly someone takes it away, youre in trouble,“ says Stuart Pearce of the Qatar Financial Centre about Bahrain. Sandi Arabia, by far the biggest economy in the Gulf, is creating a cluster of its own economic zones, including King Abdullah City, which is aimed at foreign investors s
27、eeking a presence in the country. Trying to cut down on the number of “suitcase bankers“ who fly in from nearby centers rather than live in the country, the Saudis now require firms working with them to have local business licenses. Yet the bulk of the regions money is still flowing to established f
28、inancial centers in Europe, America and other parts of Asia. The financial hubs there offer lessons for aspiring centers in other parts of the developing world. Building the confidence of financial markets takes more than new skyscrapers, tax breaks and incentives. The DIFC, for instance, initially
29、suffered from suspicions of government meddling and from a high turnover among senior executives. Trading on its stock market remains thin, and the government seems unwilling to float its most successful companies there. Making the desert bloom was never easy. 21 According to the passage, Dubai has
30、built a new financial center （ A） because of its innate advantages over other countries. （ B） thanks to the $2 trillion-plus investment from the Gulf. （ C） from its past tradition as a trade center in the Gulf. （ D） for its a war-torn and isolated region in the world. 22 According to the passage, wh
31、ich of the following about Dubai is INCORRECT? （ A） It enjoys record flows of petrodollars. （ B） Personal wealth too is growing rapidly. （ C） It is the biggest economy in the Gulf. （ D） Billions are spent on infrastructure. 23 The fiercest competition among the countries aspiring for their financial
32、 hubs is （ A） regulation. （ B） infrastructure. （ C） tax. （ D） talent. 24 Which of the following is NOT true about Sandi Arabia? （ A） It is building a cluster of its own economic zones. （ B） It is trying to decrease the number of “suitcase bankers“. （ C） It is very strict about granting local busines
33、s licenses. （ D） It cant attract the bulk of the regions money to flow in. 25 By saying “making the desert bloom was never easy“ in the last paragraph, the author means （ A） new skyscrapers need to be built to guarantee the confidence of financial markets. （ B） cutting on taxes and giving more incen
34、tives brings the confidence of financial markets. （ C） the government is trying to bring the confidence of financial markets down. （ D） it takes great efforts to build the confidence and prosperity of financial markets. 25 Most people have experienced the feeling, after a taxing mental work-out, tha
35、t they cannot be bothered to make any more decisions. If they are forced to, they may do so intuitively, rather than by reasoning. Such apathy is often put down to tiredness, but a study published recently in Psychological Science suggests there may be more to it than that. Whether reason or intuiti
36、on is used may depend simply on the decision-makers blood-sugar levelwhich is, itself, affected by the process of reasoning. E.J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeister of Florida State University discovered this by doing some experiments on that most popular of laboratory animals, the impoverished undergradu
37、ate. They asked 121 psychology students who had volunteered for the experiment to watch a silent video of a woman being interviewed that had random words appearing in bold black letters every ten seconds along the perimeter of the video. This was the part of the experiment intended to be mentally ta
38、xing. Haft of the students were told to focus on the woman, to try to understand what she was saying, and to ignore the words along the perimeter. The other haft were given no instructions. Those that had to focus were exerting considerable self-control not to look at the random words. When the vide
39、o was over, half of each group was given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it and half was given a glass of lemonade with sugar substitute. Twelve minutes later, when the glucose from the lemonade with sugar in it had had time to enter the students blood, the researchers administered a decision-maki
40、ng task that was designed to determine if the participant was using intuition or reason to make up his mind. The students were asked to think about where they wanted to live in the coming year and given three accommodation options that varied both in size and distance from the university campus. Two
41、 of the options were good, but in different ways: one was far from the campus, but very large; the other was close to campus, but smaller. The third option was a decoy, similar to one of the good options, but obviously not quite as good. If it was close to campus and small, it was not quite as close
42、 as the good close option and slightly smaller. If it was far from campus and large, it was slightly smaller than the good large option and slightly farther away. Psychologists have known for a long time that having a decoy option in a decision-making task draws people to choose a reasonable option
43、that is similar to the decoy. Dr. Masicampo and Dr. Baumeister suspected that students who had been asked to work hard during the video and then been given a drink without any sugar in it would be more likely to rely on intuition when making this decision than those from the other three groups. And
44、that is what happened; 64% of them were swayed by the decoy. Those who had either not had to exert mental energy during the showing of the video or had been given glucose in their lemonade, used reason in their decision-making task and were less likely to be swayed by the decoy. It is not clear why
45、intuition is independent of glucose. It could be that humans inherited a default nervous system from other mammals that was similar to intuition, and that could make snap decisions about whether to fight or flee regardless of how much glucose was in the body. Whatever the reason, the upshot seems to
46、 be that thinking is, indeed, hard work. And important decisions should not be made on an empty stomach. 26 The word “taxing“ in the first paragraph means （ A） tiring. （ B） imposing taxation. （ C） paying taxation. （ D） relaxing. 27 In E. J. Masicampo and Roy Baumeisters study, about _ students who r
47、eceived no instructions in the video watching were given a glass of lemonade with sugar in it. （ A） 121 （ B） 60 （ C） 30 （ D） 15 28 Which group of students tended to be swayed by the decoy, according to the study? （ A） The no-watching-instructions group that had been given glucose in their lemonade.
48、（ B） The no-watching-instructions group having been given sugar substitute in their lemonade. （ C） The mental-energy-exerting group that had been given glucose in their lemonade （ D） The mental-energy-exerting group that had been given sugar substitute in their lemonade. 29 Which of the following is
49、 NOT true, according to the study? （ A） Peoples blood-sugar level is affected by the process of reasoning. （ B） Whether people resort to reasoning or intuition may depend on their blood-sugar level. （ C） Both reasoning and intuition are certainly affected by peoples blood-sugar level. （ D） It is not wise to make important decisions when one is hungry. 30 The last paragraph suggests that （ A） people are not able to make important decisions when hungry. （ B） decisions made on an empty stomach may be unreasonable （ C） people are less intelligent when they are h
