1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 39及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Problems of the Computer Age Computer plays more and more important roles in our daily life. Is there a da
3、rk side to the computer【 1】 _? Perhaps you think how your home computer turns its game gun on you. In 【 1】 _ fact, any new【 2】 _has a “dark“ side. The internal combustion engine is a good example. 【 2】 _ Development of the engine led to change of cars, trucks and the way of life. Furthermore, it mak
4、es millions of Americans find jobs. But the【 3】 _age also brought problems along with it. Many 【 3】 _ people lose their lives in the traffic accidents. It also pollutes the air and influence peoples life. Here, it doesnt mean we should【 4】 _cars and trucks, of course. We have had to find ways to 【 4
5、】 _ deal with the problems these vehicles cause. Laws were passed to reduce pollution from car【 5】 【 5】 _ _fumes, and to require safety features in cars. One similarity is that computers will change the way the nation works, much as the automobile did. Many assembly line jobs, for examples will be t
6、aken over by robots. The problems posed by the computer revolution are quite different, of course. 1) It makes many workers out of work. One solution to this problem has been developed in Japan, where employees replaced by robots are given other jobs in the same company. 2) The growing【 6】 _are that
7、 computers may violate peoples 【 6】 _ 【 7】 _. This problem was recently discussed by many people. 【 7】 _ 3】 Another problem is computer【 8】 _. Clever criminals are finding ways to break com- 【 8】 _ puter codes and【 9】 _millions of dollars to their accounts. 【 9】 _ The list could go on. But if we wan
8、t computers to work for us, well have to find ways to【 10】 【 10】 _ _people from using computers against us. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the
9、 questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 According to the interview, what happened since Mary Ann were 100? （ A） She had a blimp ride. （
10、 B） She had a horse ride. （ C） She touched the Hollywood sign. （ D） She stayed at home. 12 Where was Mary Ann born? （ A） In a small village. （ B） North of Chicago. （ C） In Washington. （ D） In Hawaii. 13 What does she want to do for her 106th? （ A） She wants to meet pop singer. （ B） She wants to meet
11、 a superstar. （ C） She wants to see a movie star. （ D） She wants to see a movie. 14 According to the interview, which of the following is not true? （ A） The older she got the more comfortable she was with herself. （ B） As she got older she no longer ran sacred anymore. （ C） Now, a lot of people thin
12、k that part of aging is that they dont get to do the things that they could do, they become inactive, they sit around and watch television. （ D） When they are getting older they can go out and have fun. 15 From the interview, we can know what is the most important when you are getting old? （ A） Heal
13、th. （ B） Possessions. （ C） Attitude towards aging. （ D） Daily life. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
14、 16 At present, John R. Bolton is _. （ A） US ambassador to the UN （ B） the head of Central Intelligence Agency （ C） the arms control chief of the State Department （ D） a member of Senate Foreign Relation 17 Which of the following may NOT be cited as case against John Boltons nomination? （ A） His exp
15、erience in the State Department. （ B） His remarks about disbanding the United Nations. （ C） His repulsion and retaliation against any dissidents. （ D） His uncompromising and hotheaded conservative idea. 18 According to the news item, _. （ A） both the dollar and the euro were strong （ B） both the dol
16、lar and the euro were weak （ C） the dollar was strong while the euro was weak （ D） the dollar was weak while the euro was strong 19 There were worries about the political and economic outlook of the European Union, _. （ A） for both France and the Netherlands rejected the EU constitution in referendu
17、ms （ B） for EU jobs growth of last month was the worst in 21 months （ C） for EU manufacturing activity was the slowest in almost two years （ D） for the euro was down a quarter of a percent against the yen 20 What was British attitudes towards a referendum on the EU constitution? （ A） Call off the pl
18、an of referendum. （ B） Cancel the plan of referendum. （ C） Go on with the plan of referendum. （ D） Put aside the plan of referendum. 20 When you are small, all ambitions fall into one grand category: when Im grown up. When Im grown up, you say, Ill go up in space. Im going to be an author. Ill kill
19、them all and then theyll be sorry. Ill be married in a cathedral with sixteen bridesmaids in pink lace. I ll have a puppy of my own and no one will be able to take him away. None of it ever happens, of course-or dam little, but the fantasies give you the idea that there is some thing to grow up for.
20、 Indeed one of the saddest things about gilded adolescence is the feeling that from eighteen on, its all downhill; I read with horror of an American hippie wedding where someone said to the groom (aged twenty) “you seem so kind a grown-up somehow“, and the lad had to go round seeking assurance that
21、he wasnt. No, really he washt. A determination to be better adults than the present incumbents is fine, but to refuse to grow up at all is just plain unrealism. Right, so then you get some of what you want, or something like it, or something that will do all right; and for years you are too busy to
22、do more than live in the present and put one foot in front of the other, your goals stretching little beyond the day when the boss has a stroke or the moment when the children can bring you tea in bed-and the later moment when they actually bring you hot tea, not mostly slopped in the saucer. Howeve
23、r, I have now discovered an even sweeter category of ambition. When my children are grown up. When my children are grown up, Ill learn to fly an airplane. I will career round the sky, knowing that if I do “go pop“, there will be no little ones to suffer shock and maladjustment; that even ff the wors
24、t does come to the worst, I will at least dodge the geriatric ward and all that look for your glasses in order to see where youve left your teeth. When my children are grown up, Ill have fragile lovely things on low tables; Ill have a white carpet; IU go to the pictures in the afternoons. When the c
25、hildren are grown up, Ill actually be able to do a days work in a day, and go away for a weekend without planning as if for a trip to the Moon. When Im grown up-I mean when theyre grown up-Ill be free. Of course, I know its got to get worse before it gets better. Twelve-year-old, Im told, dont go to
26、 bed at seven, so you dont even get your evenings. Once theyre past ten you have to start worrying about their friends instead of simply shooing the intruders off the doorstep, and to settle down to a steady ten years of criticism of everything youve ever thought or done or worn. Boys, it seems, may
27、 be less of a trial than girls, since they cant get pregnant and they dont borrow your clothes-if they do borrow your clothes, of course, you ye got even more to worry about. The young dont respect their parents any more, thats what. Goodness, how sad. Still, like eating snails, it might be all righ
28、t once youve got over the idea; it might let us off having to bother quite so much with them when the lime comes. But one is simply not going to be able to drone away ones days, toothless by the fire, brooding on the past. 21 What interests the author about young children is that they_. （ A） have so
29、 many unselfish ambitious （ B） have such long term ambitions （ C） dont all want to be spacemen （ D） all long for adult comforts 22 The author maintains that fantasies _. （ A） satisfy ambition （ B） lessen ambition （ C） stimulate ambition （ D） frustrate ambition 23 Young people often feel that the age
30、 of eighteen is the _. （ A） right age to get married （ B） gateway to happiness （ C） hardest part of life （ D） best time of life 24 The author feels that as au adult one must _. （ A） achieve ones ambitious at all costs （ B） continue to be ambitious （ C） find a compromise between ambition and reality
31、（ D） give up all ones earlier ambitious 24 What primarily lies behind plea bargain is the push by both prosecutors and judges to dispose of cases. With the relentless upsurge of crime in the last two decades, city courts and prosecutors offices have been burdened with au ever-mounting case load. The
32、 simple fact is that cases somehow have to be cleared. And be cause the judicial system would grind to a halt ff the bulk of defendants were to insist on their constitutional right to a trial, the quickest and easiest way to clear those cases is by obtaining a guilty plea. But, in their rush to disp
33、ose of cases, prosecutors can end up “giving away the courthouse“. The same pressure influences judges, who are often more lenient with defendants who plead guilty than with those convicted after trial. Legal purists find this discrimination intolerable, for no one should be penalized for exercising
34、 his constitutional right to a trial. Yet the practice occurs in many courts, and the consequence is that au innocent defendant can be victimized. The report of the National Advisory Commission ob served, “An innocent defendant might be persuaded that the harsher sentence he must face if he is tumbl
35、e to prove his innocence at trial. It means that it is to his best interests to plead guilty, despite his innocence.“ Another problem with plea bargain is that in the rush of a big-city criminal-justice system, a defendant is likely to see a lawyer from the public defenders or legal aid office for o
36、nly a few mutes before appearing in court. With such brief contact, the lawyer may have little notion of whether the client is guilty or not, and is quite likely to present the plea bargain as the most desirable alternative. A survey in 1972 of 3,400 criminal justice practitioners in four states sho
37、wed that 38 percent thought it probable that defense lawyers pressure clients into entering pleas which the clients regard as unsatisfactory. Plea bargaining also encourages widespread cynicism toward the entire criminal-justice system, among defendants, the public and crime victims. Moreover, the p
38、lea-bargaining system encourages prosecutors to “overcharge“-leveling more serious charges than the crimes warrant-in order to enhance their bargaining power. 25 Which of the following is the passage mainly concerned with? （ A） The cause for the recent upsurge in crime rate. （ B） The ill effects of
39、certain bad judicial practice. （ C） The corruption of judges and prosecutors. （ D） The measures for cleaning up the “dirty“ courthouse. 26 Which of the following gives rise to the problem? （ A） The accumulation of lawsuits. （ B） The bribery of judges and prosecutor by defendants. （ C） Tile constitut
40、ional fight to a trial for each defendant. （ D） The ignorance of judges and prosecutors. 27 Which of the following is a possible consequence of plea bargain? （ A） Criminals are abused by prison officers. （ B） Innocent defendants are found guilty. （ C） Lawsuits pile up. （ D） Laws are often misinterpr
41、eted by judges. 28 It can be inferred from the passage that in a guilty plea _. （ A） the defendant admits that he has committed some crime （ B） the defendant begs the judge for mercy （ C） the defendant denies the charge against him （ D） the defendant is pardoned for the crime he committed 28 The imp
42、ortance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress t
43、he “how to“ aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to“ material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the syst
44、ematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggests, a growing body of research literature in journalism. and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the st
45、udy of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research arties on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the int
46、erviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview.The fact that the general literature on interviewing does not deal with the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most p
47、eople in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with arty other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situati
48、ons the professional person or inter viewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by
49、 television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true underling of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates. 29 The main idea
