1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 814及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Inflation Inflation, as an economic phenomenon, is a sufficient condition for an increase in price, but n
3、ot a necessary one. The lecturer intends to shed some light on inflation from the following perspectives: I. Significant Periods of Inflation over the Last 400 years A. in the 16th century cause: introduction of 【 B1】 _ 【 B1】 _ B. after major wars Napoleonic Wars and World Wars I and II C. from 【 B2
4、】 _ to 1970s 【 B2】 _ creeping inflation occurred in America and Western Europe. II. Countries Suffered from Inflation besides the U.S. A. Israel prices of necessities 【 B3】 _ doubled every year. 【 B3】 _ B. Argentina prices quadrupled in 1975, and kept increasing. C. 【 B4】 _ 【 B4】 _ money as worthles
5、s as paper D. Hungary no better than Germany of 1923 after World War II III. Effects of Inflation A. on money management Borrowing gets more appealing than saving. those who suffer: salary man, lenders, 【 B5】 _ savings 【 B5】 _ and loan associations those who profit: borrowers B. on investment Money
6、goes to 【 B6】 _ goods and properties. 【 B6】 _ purpose: to keep value C. on lifestyle People tend to overdraw 【 B7】 _ in the society for immediate 【 B7】 _ happiness IV. Causes of Inflation A. excessive money printed by governments 1. purpose: to offset 【 B8】 _ expenditure and peacetime 【 B8】 _ spendi
7、ng 2. result: consumption is stimulated prices are raised B. special interest groups encouragement 1 .manner to encourage government through 【 B9】 _ power 【 B9】 _ 2. result inflationary policies are implemented. C. 【 B10】 _ of common people 【 B10】 _ 1 【 B1】 2 【 B2】 3 【 B3】 4 【 B4】 5 【 B5】 6 【 B6】 7
8、【 B7】 8 【 B8】 9 【 B9】 10 【 B10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the f
9、ollowing five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 The mans first job was in （ A） a newspaper office. （ B） the government. （ C） a construction firm. （ D） a private company. 12 The man does not plan to be self-employed mainly because （ A） his wife likes him to work for a firm. （ B） he prefers w
10、orking for the government. （ C） self-employed work is very demanding. （ D） self-employed work is sometimes insecure. 13 To study architecture in a university one must （ A） be interested in arts. （ B） study arts first. （ C） get good exam results. （ D） be good at drawing. 14 On the subject of drawing
11、the man says （ A） artists generally draw very well. （ B） artistsdrawing differs little from architects. （ C） accuracy is an essential requirement for architects. （ D） architects must be natural artists. 15 What can we infer about the mans attitude towards his customers? （ A） He never thinks about hi
12、s customers. （ B） He emphasizes customer satisfaction. （ C） He thinks safety of the residents is the most important. （ D） He thinks he should provide them with attractive and interesting buildings. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefu
13、lly and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements is INCORECT? （ A） The Kairuku penguin became extinct about. （ B） The Kairuku penguin lived in the Oligocene time period. （ C） The fo
14、ssil penguin is reconstructed in New Zealand. （ D） The research is published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 What is the news mainly about? （ A） Mexico is holding an election. （ B） Voting in Mexico is threatened by drug cartels. （ C） There is widespread nervousness in Mexico. （ D） Elect
15、ion candidates in Mexico are subject to violence. 18 The measures taken by the election candidates against violence mentioned in the news include all the following EXCEPT （ A） keeping public agenda secret. （ B） using false information. （ C） avoiding violent place activity. （ D） avoiding night-time p
16、olitical activity. 19 It seems that_of the people in England are in favor of a woman bishop. （ A） the majority （ B） the minority （ C） half （ D） few 20 The plan of ordaining women bishops was finally （ A） approved. （ B） rejected. （ C） destroyed. （ D） unsettled. 20 There has been an ecological triumph
17、 in the provinces of Sweden where I have spent the past three weeks. The wolf and the lynx (a wild cat) have both returned to the forests. The naturalists have been rejoicing. There has been a TV documentary. Meanwhile the local farmers and hunters have disappeared into the forests with their rifles
18、. Jan and Lennart were particularly aggrieved that the lynx was killing their“ deer, and the urban bureaucrats who had decided to protect it only increase their rage. They vowed to track the animal down. “Did they kill it?“ I asked a local man. “They didnt say,“ he replied with a hint of wink. What
19、does the word “rural“ mean to you? Organic, perhaps. Wholesome? Gemeinschaft (or do I mean Gesellschaft?) Conservative? Marxs “rural idiocy“ maybe. To me the countryside is about paranoia. It breeds independence and idiosyncrasy and other nice things but also the sort of people who wander on to Capi
20、tol Hill in order to kill some senators or declare war on the FBI for being an essentially socialist organization. For people who live in and off the countryside, there always seems to be the idea that “they“ the bureaucrats, the government, the city folk are out to get them. What they despise almos
21、t as much as city folk themselves are the sort of things that city folk like about the countryside: footpaths, beauty spots, old buildings, rare flora and fauna, ancient sites of historical interest. To select from my experience of the past few weeks, the land that was once owned by my late grandpar
22、ents contained a meadow that was famous across Sweden for its rare plants. A Couple of weeks ago, my cousin an engineer and part-time farmer with a flock of four sheep and one ram fenced the meadow off, set the sheep loose into it and within two days it duly looked like a bit of scrub in a corner of
23、 a derelict industrial estate. Incidentally, when your correspondent went to investigate this vandalism, the said ram pursued him across the field in a way that was later said to be hilarious to onlookers. Another local man carries around a special bullet in case he should ever get on the trail of a
24、 wolf. The normal bullets used for hunting deer and elk have soft tips so that they spread out on contact and cause devastating fatal wounds. But this special wolf bullet has a hard tip so that it will pass right through the animal, leaving a relatively small (though almost certainly fatal) wound. T
25、he dying wolf will then probably walk tens of miles before it dies, thus preventing “them“ from identifying the slayers of this absurdly protected predator. And this is a province which has a wolf as its official symbol. There is more than what I was informed of. A neighboring lake has become home f
26、or an exceedingly rare kind of hawk. But the local people who have spotted it have kept its presence a closely guarded secret. If they told ornithologists about it, then the next thing that would happen is that they would probably want to come into the area and start to look at the bloody thing, and
27、 once these bureaucrats and scientists get their claws into the area, who knows where it will end? Much of this is probably true of rural areas everywhere, but in Sweden it has been exacerbated by the Byzantine bureaucracy that was generated by 40 years of social democracy, a system that led both to
28、 some of the finest public services and to the situation in which the countrys greatest living artist, Ingmar Bergman, under suspicion of a minor tax transgression, was publicly arrested and interrogated in a manner that might have been thought excessive by Beria. One of the fundamental Swedish righ
29、ts is entitled allamansratt, which permits anybody to walk, pick berries or mushrooms virtually anywhere. Some local businessmen have hired Polish workers to come up to Sweden to pick mushrooms, but they have not been to our area more than once. When they emerged from this forest they found that the
30、 tyres in their bikes and cars were mysteriously flat. It is somehow a typical Swedish paradox: you have the legal right to go where you like, but dont let that give you the idea that you can just go anywhere. 21 The experiences described by the author in the third paragraph are intended to show tha
31、t （ A） local farmers hate the good things valued by the city folk because they hate city folk themselves. （ B） his cousin had a deep affection for the countryside. （ C） correspondents were unwelcome to the land. （ D） vandalism is of common occurrences in the countryside. 22 In the fourth paragraph,
32、which adjective(s) can best describe the local mans behavior? （ A） Cruel and mean. （ B） Funny. （ C） Cunning. （ D） Resourceful and creative. 23 The author thinks that the Byzantine bureaucracy （ A） contributes little to the public welfare. （ B） deserves compliments for its achievements in preventing
33、crimes. （ C） is too stringent in carrying out the laws. （ D） is highly democratic. 24 The purpose of the author in writing the passage is （ A） to give a contrast between countryside people and the city folk. （ B） to reflect the weak points in the rural people. （ C） to point out the inadequacy of Swe
34、dish laws. （ D） to show how the Swedish countryside people live. 25 The author gave the narration in a(n)_tone. （ A） dispassionate （ B） eulogizing （ C） ironic （ D） exaggerating 25 He was an undersized little man, with a head too big for his body a sickly little man. His nerves were bad. He had skin
35、trouble. It was agony for him to wear anything next to his skin coarser than silk. And he had delusions of grandeur. He was a monster of conceit. Never for one minute did he look at the world or at people, except in relation to himself. He was the only most important person in the world, to himself;
36、 in his own eyes he was the only person who existed. He believed himself to be one of the greatest dramatists in the world, one of the greatest thinkers, Beethoven, and Plato, rolled into one. And you would have had no difficulty in hearing him talk. He was one of the most exhausting conversationali
37、sts that ever lived. An evening with him was an evening spent in listening to a monologue. Sometimes he was brilliant; sometimes he was maddeningly tiresome. But whether he was being brilliant or dull, he had one sole topic of conversation: himself. What he thought and what he did. He had a mania fo
38、r being in the right. The slightest hint of disagreement, from anyone, on the most trivial point, was enough to set him off on a harangue that might exhausting volubility, and that in the end his hearer, stunned and deafened, would agree with, for the sake of peace. It never occurred to him that he
39、and his doing were not of the most intense and fascinating interest to anyone with whom he came in contact. He had theories about almost any subject under the sun, including vegetarianism, the drama, politics, and music; and in support of these theories he wrote pamphlets, letters, books.thousands u
40、pon thousands of words, hundreds and hundreds of pages. He not only wrote these things, and published them usually at somebody elses expense but he would sit and read them aloud, for hours, to his friends and his family. He had the emotional stability of a six-year-old child. When he felt out of sor
41、ts, he would rave and stamp, or sink into suicidal gloom and talk darkly of going to the East to end his days as a Buddhist monk. Ten minutes later, when something pleased him, he would rush out of doors and run around the garden, or jump up and down on the sofa, or stand on his head. He was almost
42、innocent of any sense of responsibility. Not only did he seem incapable of supporting himself, but it never occurred to him that he was under any obligation to do so. He was convinced that the world owed him a living. In support of this belief, he borrowed money from everybody who was good for a loa
43、n men, women, friends, or strangers. He wrote begging letters by the score, sometimes groveling without shame, at others loftily offering his intended benefactor the privilege of contributing to his support, and being mortally offended if the recipient declined the honor. I have found no record of h
44、is ever paying or repaying money to anyone who did not have a legal claim upon it. The name of this monster was Richard Wagner. Everything that I have said about him you can find on record: in newspapers, in police reports, in the testimony of people who knew him, in his own letters, between the lin
45、es of his autobiography. And the curious thing about this record is that it doesnt matter in the least. Because this undersized, sickly, disagreeable, fascinating little man was right all the time. The joke was on us. He was one of the worlds greatest dramatists; he was a great thinker; he was one o
46、f the most stupendous musical geniuses that, up to now, the world has ever seen. The world did owe him a living. When you consider what he wrote thirteen operas and music dramas, eleven of them still holding the stage, eight of them unquestionably worth ranking among the worlds great musical-dramati
47、c masterpieces when you listen to what he wrote, the debts and heartaches that people had to endure from him dont seem much of a price. Think of the luxury with which for a time, at least, fate rewarded Napoleon, the man who mined France and looted Europe; and then perhaps you will agree that a few
48、thousand dollars worth of debts were not too heavy a price to pay for the Ring trilogy. Listening to his music, one does not forgive him for what he may or may not have been. It is not a matter of forgiveness. It is a matter of being dumb with wonder that poor brain and body didnt burst under the to
49、rment of the demon of creative energy that lived inside him, struggling, clawing, scratching to be released; tearing, shrieking at him to write the music that was in him. The miracle is that what he did in the little space of seventy years could not have been done at all, even by a great genius. Is there any wonder that he had no time to be a man? 26 The authors description of Richard Wagner in the
