1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 271及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How to Approach a Dissertation I. What is a dissertation a piece of writing with【 T1】 _developed in response to a central【 T1】
3、 _ question or proposition something new and【 T2】 _of your abilities to analyze and synthesize【 T2】_ II. Some fundamental【 T3】 _of writing a dissertation【 T3】 _ A. know the word limits and the demand of【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ B. contain a detailed exploration of evidence gathered from【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ gathered
4、by your own first-hand research C. be clear about the nature of【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ D. present it in a professionally finished manner know the format, layout and【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ III. How to manage your supervisor A. discuss the amount of【 T8】 _and support you need【 T8】 _ B. ask for the past dissertations C.
5、 set up appropriate【 T9】 _or pairings with fellow students【 T9】 _ D. map and monitor the progress with a(n)【 T10】 _of tasks【 T10】 _ E. evaluate and respond to the supervisors【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ IV. How to manage your【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ A. draw a timetable university timetable and other regular【 T13】 _【 T1
6、3】 _ B. rearrange your time find time for study,【 T14】 _or entertainment【 T14】 _ C. fill in the schedule with personal study periods 【 T15】 _is the key to meet the deadline【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T1
7、4】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a te
8、n-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） How depression affects university students. （ B） How anxiety affects university students and t
9、he main causes of it. （ C） How campus clinics work in terms of mental health. （ D） How anxiety affects university students lives. （ A） Controllable devotion to social media. （ B） Poor family background. （ C） Academic pressure during the whole college years. （ D） Overprotection from parents. （ A） Ste
10、ady increases in the number of anxious clients. （ B） Fast increases in the number of anxious clients. （ C） The increase of anxious clients by about 50%. （ D） The increase of anxious clients by 6,000 students. （ A） Posts from everyone elses rich experiences make them envious of others. （ B） Fear of n
11、ot catching up with others makes them anxious. （ C） Addiction to social media decreases their time spent on exercise. （ D） Addiction to social media increases their academic pressure. （ A） It is quite necessary to consult a doctor in case of anxiety. （ B） It is helpful to express their distress in c
12、ase of anxiety. （ C） It is not wise to press themselves too hard. （ D） It is advisable to learn to manage time smartly. （ A） How digital devices develop. （ B） How to handle family issues. （ C） How to make the best use of digital devices. （ D） How digital devices are affecting kids and families. （ A）
13、 The easy and direct relationship teenagers have with their screens. （ B） The latest research about the impact all this screen time has on the brains of adults. （ C） The common conflicts that flare up as family members haggle over screen time. （ D） The common conflicts that flare up as family member
14、s haggle over money issues. （ A） Her passion about technology. （ B） Her frustrating personal experience. （ C） Her devotion to digital devices. （ D） Her love for her family. （ A） How young kids get addicted to digital devices physiologically. （ B） How young kids get addicted to digital devices psycho
15、logically. （ C） How hard it is to get out of the control of digital devices. （ D） How hard it is to get out of the control of drugs and alcohol. （ A） Because all of them are too tempting to resist. （ B） Because physiologically speaking, they work the same way. （ C） Because psychologically speaking,
16、they work the same way. （ D） Because they all have devastating effects on young kids. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 271答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on AN
17、SWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 How to Approach a Dissertation Goo
18、d morning, everyone. We will talk about how to write a dissertation in todays lecture, as we know dissertations have become an increasingly important component of higher education. It provides you with an opportunity to work independently on a topic that particularly interests you. So, it is importa
19、nt to know how to approach your own dissertation in the first place. First, we will have a brief introduction of dissertation. Different subject disciplines may emphasize different features, but, broadly speaking,(1)a dissertation is a continuous piece of writing, arranged in clearly placed paragrap
20、hs, in which an argument is developed in response to a central question or proposition. The line of argument is supported by evidence you have acquired through research, which you are required to analyze, and which supports or contradicts the various perspectives explored in the course of the argume
21、nt. The dissertation then reaches a conclusion in the final section, which pulls together the threads of your argument, supporting, qualifying or rejecting the original thesis. It is worth bearing in mind that(2)an academic dissertation is not a piece of writing designed to reproduce information ava
22、ilable elsewhere, but something new and expressive of your individual abilities to analyze and synthesize. In addition, the process of academic writing will help you to learn, by enabling you to work with concepts and information relevant to your subject, and thereby developing your intellectual ski
23、lls. (3)Second, we will come to the fundamental principles of writing a dissertation and you have to bear in mind the following key points. First of all, it is an extended piece of writing, usually divided into chapters.(4)So you should know the lower and upper word limits acceptable for your disser
24、tation and whether you should be following a particular sequence of chapter headings. Secondly, it contains a detailed exploration of evidence.(5)The evidence referred to may be from published texts, or it may consist of primary data gathered by your own first-hand research, for example, a sociologi
25、cal study of attitudes to gender roles based on research methods such as interviews and questionnaires.(6)Thirdly, you are required to be clear about the nature of the methodology you will use for gathering the evidence. That is to say, why are you collecting data or analyzing evidence in that way r
26、ather than in another way? And also, it must be supported throughout by awareness of theory. Your argument should be placed within the context of existing theory relevant to the subject. Finally, it has to be presented in a professionally finished manner.(7)So you have to be fully aware of the preci
27、se details about the format, layout and stylistic requirements of your assignment. Third, it is about how to manage your supervisor. Since a dissertation is an individually devised piece of work, you will be allocated a personal supervisor to support you while you are writing it. Do not delay in hav
28、ing your first meeting with her or him, as it is vital to discuss not only what topic you will start by exploring, but also how you can best work on your dissertation. Here are some aspects of managing your supervisor.(8)Firstly, let your supervisor know how much contact and support you would like.
29、Necessarily, you have to agree together at the outset on when you will meet and how best contact can be made. Secondly, ask for access, where possible, to past dissertations of the kind you are being asked to write, so that you can get a sense of their scope, structure, tone and the methodology used
30、.(9)Thirdly, consider contributing to the setting up of appropriate support groups or pairings with fellow students, so that you can clarify your own thinking by discussing it with others if this is acceptable to your supervisor. Fourthly, find an appropriate way of mapping and monitoring your own p
31、rogress.(10)I recommend you a checklist of tasks to be completed.(11)Lastly, you have to evaluate and respond to your supervisors feedback by making notes and reflecting on what has been said or written, then applying the feedback to the next stage of your research. (12)Fourth, we will talk about ho
32、w to manage your time. Writing a dissertation can be very demanding in terms of managing your time and the process itself. It is a major piece of work and you are likely to have months before it is due for submission, so the dissertation sometimes causes problems even for people who are normally goo
33、d at meeting deadlines. So, how to arrange your time? First, draw a typical weeks timetable on a large sheet of paper.(13)Show thorough information about your university timetable and other regular commitments such as part-time work and regular social events. Second, after marking in the essentials,
34、 as you see them, take a good look at where you could commit time. Look particularly for those odd hours which are easily frittered away doing nothing much, and see if you can turn these into study time,(14)so that some clear chunks of time are left for you to relax, keep fit, go shopping, watch TV
35、and so on. Third, fill in your schedule with personal study periods. When are you going to work on your dissertation, and when on your other commitments? Take account of when you are at your best for studying, for example, can you work early in the morning or late at night?(15)Regular work throughou
36、t your dissertation unit will mean less chance of any all-night, last-minute, nail-biting sessions during the week before it needs to be submitted. Now, to sum up todays lecture, we have introduced some methods to approach a dissertation in your study. Before we finish, Id like to say if you want to
37、 hand in an excellent dissertation in the future, you also have to research your topic very carefully, so next time I will introduce to you the methods of selecting and researching your topics. OK, this brings us to the end of todays lecture. Thanks for your attention. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 an argument
38、 【试题解析】 这篇讲座的主题是：如何应对专题论文。讲话者在句 (1)中给出了专题论文的定义，即专 题论文是一篇连续的作品，段落设置清晰明了，在解答核心问题或命题的过程中会形成一个论点。因此答案为 an argument。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 expressive 【试题解析】 由句 (2)可知，学术论文并不是一篇复制那些随处可见的信息的文章，它是体现你个人的分析与综合能力的新东西。因此答案为 expressive。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 principles 【试题解析】 由句 (3)可知，讲话者所要讲的第二大方面是写专题论文的基本原则。因此答案 为 pri
39、nciples。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 chapter headings 【试题解析】 由句 (4)可知，写专题论文的第一个原则是：了解专题论文所规定的最低字数和最高字数，以及是否应该遵循一个特定的章节标题顺序。即，需要知道字数限制以及对章节标题的要求，因此答案为 chapter headings。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 published texts 【试题解析】 讲话者提到，写专题论文的第二个原则是：论文要包含详细的证据研究。由句 (5)可知，论文中涉及的证据可以出自已经发表的文章或者你自己实际研究过程中所收集的原始数据。因此答案为 published te
40、xts。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 the methodology 【试题解析】 由句 (6)可知，写专题论文的第三个原则是：要清楚自己收集证据所用的方法的本质。因此答案为 the methodology。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 stylistic requirements 【试题解析】 讲话者指出，写论文时要把握的最后一个原则是：论 文要以专业的方式呈现出来。由句 (7)可知，一定要留意论文的格式、排版、文体要求等细节，故答案为 stylistic requirements。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 contact 【试题解析】 由句 (8)可知，与
41、导师沟通的第一个要点是：要让导师知道你想要多少联系与支持。因此答案为 contact。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 support groups 【试题解析】 由句 (9)可知，与导师沟通的第三个要点是：要考虑和同学建立恰当的互助组或者结对。因此 答案为 support groups。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 checklist 【试题解析】 与导师沟通的第四个要点是：找到一个合适的方法规划和监测自己论文的进展情况。由句 (10)可知，讲话者推荐使用任务核对一览表，故答案为checklist。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 feedback 【试题解析】 由
42、句 (11)可知，与导师沟通的最后一个要点是：应评价并且回应导师的反馈 做笔记，思考导师讲过的话或写过的字，然后把导师的反馈应用到下一阶段的研 究中。因此答案为 feedback。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 time 【试题解析】 由句 (12)可知，讲话者要讨论的第四大方面是如何管理时间。因此答案为 time。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 commitments 【试题解析】 讲话者在讲到如何管理时间的第一点时提到，要在一张大纸上画一个周时间表，根据句 (13)可知，时间表的内容包括你的课程时间表和其他诸如兼职、社交活动等正常时间投入的详细信息。因此答案为 comm
43、itments。 【知识模块 】 听力 14 【正确答案】 relaxation 【试题解析】 句 (14)中，讲话者在讲述如何管理时间的第二点时提到，尤其要注意那些非常容易被浪费掉的不规律时间，看一看是否能将这些时间用来学习，这样就可以留出一些整段的时间来放松、健身、购物、逛街等。言外之意就是，除了留出时间来学习之外，还要留出一部分时间来放松和娱乐，因此答案为relaxation。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 regular work 【试题解析】 由句 (15)可知，论文写作期间的规律安排可以降低论 文提交前一周紧张熬夜的可能性，故答案为 regular work。 【知识模块
44、】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second
45、 pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 W: Good evening, everybody.(1)Anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most common mental heal
46、th diagnosis among college students, though depression, too, is on the rise. More than half of the students visiting campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of more than 100,000 students nationwide by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health at Penn State. Today w
47、e have psychiatrist Dr. Brown to join us. M: Thank you, Lucy. W: Tell me how serious anxiety among university students is nowadays. M: Nearly one in six college students has been diagnosed with or treated for anxiety within the last 12 months, according to the annual national survey by the American
48、College Health Association. W: What are the causes then? M:(2)The causes range widely from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents and compulsive engagement with social media. Anxiety has always played a role in the developmental drama of a students life, but now more st
49、udents experience anxiety so intense and overwhelming that they are seeking professional counseling. W: I guess as students finish a college year during which these cases continued to spike, the consensus among therapists is that treating anxiety has become an enormous challenge for campus mental health centers. M: Indeed.(3)Like many college clinics, the Center for Counseling and Psychological
