1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 303及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Understanding Depression I. Misunderstanding of depression Mistakenly believe that depression comes from【 T1】 _【 T1】 _ 【 T2】 _
3、 the depressed persons low energy【 T2】 _ A wrong belief that the depressed attitude can be【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ II. Causes of depression 1. Genetics depression runs in families 2. Life events e.g.【 T4】 _ of a close family member or friend can lead to depression【 T4】_ 3. Family and social environment it inc
4、ludes【 T5】 _ living situations such as poverty: homelessness:【 T5】_ and【 T6】 _ in the family, relationships, or community【 T6】 _ 4.【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ substance use and abuse have impacts on mood III.【 T8】 _ of depression【 T8】 _ 1. Depressed mood 2. Weight【 T9】 _【 T9】 _ 3. Sleep【 T10】 _【 T10】 _ 4. Feelin
5、gs of guilt or【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ 5. Brain fog 6. Thoughts of【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ IV. Means to survive depression 1.【 T13】 _【 T13】 _ help people understand depression and what they can do about it 2. Medication make sure to get the right dose 3. A combination of both 4. Suggestion for friends: help the【 T1
6、4】 _ depressed person receive the right treatment【 T14】 _ rather than cheer up them or【 T15】 _ with them【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE i
7、nterview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices o
8、f A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） She doesnt know how to do with lottery e-mails. （ B） She is overwhelmed by the amount of spam mail. （ C） She dares not to click the inbox button any more. （ D） Sh
9、e doesnt know how to check e-mails in a proper way. （ A） Be aware of whom you give your e-mail address. （ B） Ask your friends and contacts to delete your emails. （ C） Use different address for work email and home email. （ D） Leave your e-mail address to someone you can trust. （ A） Because third part
10、ies will do harm to you. （ B） Because your e-mail address will be sold. （ C） Because illegal individuals are nowhere. （ D） Because the internet is lack of supervision. （ A） Gather e-mail addresses for companies such as Yahoo and Hotmail. （ B） Leave e-mail addresses on the message board for third par
11、ties. （ C） Create a new e-mail account. （ D） Search for e-mails addresses. （ A） They can be easily gathered by illegal software. （ B） They are provided by Yahoo or Hotmail. （ C） They are not worthy of signing up. （ D） They can sell your information to third parties. （ A） Most people dont care about
12、e-mail leakage. （ B） It is impractical to create a new account for everyone. （ C） It is unrealistic to fight back against the spammers. （ D） Antispam tools are installed in users accounts. （ A） It filters messages into categories. （ B） It helps to separate junk mails. （ C） It deletes all the incomin
13、g messages. （ D） It lists all the potential threats. （ A） Blue font. （ B） Return address. （ C） Capitalization. （ D） Obscene content. （ A） You are unaware of the dangers online. （ B） You get a mail claims to be from a bank. （ C） You are asked to give information about your account password. （ D） You
14、are asked to click on a link and visit an unfamiliar site. （ A） Strategies to deal with spam e-mails. （ B） Peoples view on the Internet. （ C） Phenomenon of phishing. （ D） ISP technology. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 303答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mi
15、ni-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.
16、 You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【听力原文】 Understanding Depression Good morning, everyone. Today well talk about the topic of depression. As we all know, depression is very common and affects people of every color, race, economic status, or age. Unfortunately, not everyone r
17、ecognizes depression when it happens to someone they know. Some people have the mistaken belief that depression comes from weakness or is a character flaw. Some people dont really understand about depression. People who dont understand may react to a depressed persons low energy with criticism, yell
18、ing at the person for acting lazy or not trying harder. Some people mistakenly believe that depression is just an attitude or a mood that a person can shake off. Its not that easy. In todays lecture, in order to erase these misunderstandings and draw a rough picture of this issue, we will cover thre
19、e domains of depression. They are causes, symptoms of depression and the way to get over it Firstly, let us begin with the causes of depression. Actually there is no single cause for depression. Many factors play a role including genetics, life events, environment, and medical conditions. Research s
20、hows that depression runs in families and that some people inherit genes that make it more likely for them to get depressed. Not everyone who has the genetic makeup for depression gets depressed, though. And many people who have no family history of depression have the condition. So although genes a
21、re one factor, they arent the single cause of depression. The second factor is some upset life events. The death of a family member, friend, or pet can go beyond normal grief and sometimes lead to depression. Other difficult life events, such as when parents divorce, separate, or remarry, can trigge
22、r depression. Even events like moving or changing schools can be emotionally challenging enough that a person becomes depressed. Family and social environment also play a role. For some people, a negative, stressful, or unhappy family atmosphere can affect their self-esteem and lead to depression. T
23、his can also include high-stress living situations such as poverty: homelessness: and violence in the family, relationships, or community. Substance use and abuse also can cause chemical changes in the brain that affect mood alcohol and some drugs are known to have depressant effects. Certain medica
24、l conditions can affect hormone balance and therefore have an effect on mood. When these medical conditions are diagnosed and treated by a doctor, the depression usually disappears. Secondly, 1et us take a look at the symptoms of depression. Although depression varies from person to person, there ar
25、e some common signs and symptoms. Here are some major symptoms that people have when theyre depressed. 1. Depressed mood, a person may report feeling “sad“ or “empty“ or may cry frequently. Children and adolescents may exhibit irritability. 2. Weight changes, significant changes in weight when not a
26、ttempting to gain or lose may be indicative of depression. 3. Sleep disturbances, insomnia or sleeping too much may be a symptom of depression. 4. Feelings of worthlessness or guilt, a depressed person may feel that they have no value or they may feel inappropriately guilty about things they have no
27、 control over. 5. “Brain Fog“, it means a depressed person may have a diminished ability to think, concentrate or make decisions. 6. Thoughts of suicide, a depressed person may have recurring thoughts of death, especially thoughts of suicide, with or without a specific plan. When someone has five or
28、 more of these symptoms most of the time for two weeks or longer, that person is probably depressed. Depression is more than occasionally feeling blue, sad, or down, but a strong mood involving sadness, discouragement, despair, or hopelessness that lasts for weeks, months, or even longer. It interfe
29、res with a persons ability to participate in normal activities. Next, lets turn to the next main point, how to get help if someone gets depressed. Depression is one of the most common emotional problems. The good news is that its also one of the most treatable conditions. There are professionals who
30、 can help. In fact, about 80% of people who get help for their depression have a better quality of life they function better and enjoy themselves in a way that they werent able to before. Treatment for depression can include talk therapy, medication, or a combination of both. Talk therapy with a men
31、tal health professional is very effective in treating depression. Therapy sessions help people understand depression and what they can do about it. Sometimes, doctors prescribe medicine for a person who has depression. When prescribing medicine, a doctor will carefully monitor patients to make sure
32、they get the right dose. The doctor will adjust the dose as necessary. It can take a few weeks before the person feels the medicine working. Because every persons brain is different, what works well for one person might not be good for another. One more suggestion I want to give to the friend of a d
33、epressed person is that friends need to step in if someone seems severely depressed and isnt getting help. Although its important to be supportive, trying to cheer up a friend or reasoning with him or her probably wont work to help depression or suicidal feelings go away. Depression can be so strong
34、 that it outweighs a persons ability to respond to reason. Even if your friend has asked you to promise not to tell, this is a situation where telling could save a life. The most important thing a depressed person can do is to get the right treatment. Up till now, weve got a general idea of depressi
35、on, including causes, and symptoms of depression and the way to survive depression. In our next lecture, well continue to discuss another health problem, obesity. 【知识模块】 听力 1 【正确答案】 weakness 【试题解析】 这篇讲座的主题是 “depression(抑郁症 )”。在正式讨论抑郁症之前，演讲人先谈论了人们对抑郁症的一些误解。其中谈到了有些人错误地认为抑郁源自于软弱 (weakness)或者是一种性格缺陷 (ch
36、aracter flaw)，空格处填weakness。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 Criticize 【试题解析】 对抑郁症的误 解包括不了解的人会对情绪低落的人进行批评 (with criticism)，空格后为名词，可以推断空格应填入动词，故用 criticism的动词形式Criticize，注意首字母要大写。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 shaken off 【试题解析】 在谈到人们对抑郁症的误解时，演讲人最后说到，人们错误地认为抑郁症只是一种态度或情绪，而人们是可以摆脱这种态度或情绪的。空格前的 be提示此处为被动，即填 shaken off。 【知识模块】 听力
37、 4 【正确答案】 death 【试题解析】 演讲人认为，引起抑郁症的原因有以下几种：基因 (genetics)、生活事件 (life events)、环境 (environment)以及医疗条件 (medical conditions)。在谈到life events时，演讲人提到亲人等的 death会引起抑郁症，此空缺少的正是 death一词。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 high-stress 【试题解析】 表示举例的词句是要点。待填的内容为原文原词 high-stress，只要做好笔记，此题并不难解答。 【知识模 块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 violence 【试题解析】 演
38、讲提到抑郁症的其中一个原因 家庭和社会环境时，提到包括高压的居住环境，例如贫穷、无家可归还有暴力。空格处填入 violence。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 Medical conditions 【试题解析】 演讲人在谈及 causes of depression时已经提到了 medical conditions，其后又分点讲解。重申的词句是要点，笔记不可缺少。此外还要注意要大写首字母 M。 【知识模块】 听 力 8 【正确答案】 Symptoms 【试题解析】 在讲完抑郁症的原因之后，接着作者以 secondly开头，又讲到了抑郁症的症状。此空缺少的正是 Symptoms一词，注意
39、首字母也要大写。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 changes 【试题解析】 抑郁症的第二个表现为体重变化 (weight changes)，题目中已给出weight，故填入 changes。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 disturbances 【试题解析】 抑郁症症状的第三个表 现为睡眠困扰 (sleep disturbances)。表示顺序或层次的词句后是记录要点。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 worthlessness 【试题解析】 抑郁症症状的第四个表现为无价值感或罪恶感 (feelings of worthlessness or guilt)。题目中
40、已给出 guilt，故填 worthlessness。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 suicide 【试题解析】 抑郁症症状的第六个表现为自杀的念头 (thoughts of suicide)。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 Talk therapy 【试题解析】 在谈及抑郁症患者如何获得帮助这一问题时，演讲人提到了以下方面：会谈性治疗 (talk therapy)、药物治疗 (medication)、两者结合治疗(combination of both)。此空填 Talk therapy，注意首字母大写。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 severely 【试题
41、解析】 如果有人严重抑郁 (severely depressed)，还没有得到帮助 ，演讲人给抑郁症患者的朋友又提了一条建议。空格后的 depressed提示这里应填入修饰depressed的词，故填 severely。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 reason 【试题解析】 演讲人在最后还提出了一项给抑郁症患者的朋友的建议，建议朋友们要给予患者帮助。尽管朋友的支持很重要，但是试图使朋友开心 (cheer up)或与他们理论 (reason with) 并非好的方法。 cheer up在题目中已给出，故填入与 with搭配的 reason。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B
42、INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During
43、the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. 16 【听力原文】 W: Good evening. My name is Jenny Fowler and I would like to welcome all our listeners to Net News, your weekly
44、program dealing with all matters online. Tonight we are fortunate to be joined by David Akris, head of the Internet security company WebLock. David, welcome to Net News. M: Good evening Jenny. W: Right, what I would really like to know first from you David is this: how on earth can I reduce the amou
45、nt of spam mail I find every morning in my inbox? I think things are getting absolutely ridiculous. I mean, this morning there must have been about 30 to 40 e-mails covering everything from having won the lottery to purchasing things I would rather not mention on this show. What can a normal e-mail
46、user such as myself do to combat this ever-growing problem? M: Now there are a couple of strategies that we can employ to reduce this admittedly annoying problem. First of all, you have to be really guarded about where you leave your e-mail address. Of course, you give it to all your friends and you
47、 give it to contacts you have through your workplace, although I would also add as a strong recommendation that you have separate personal and work e-mail accounts. But what you must not do is to navigate around the Internet leaving your e-mail address for everyone to find. Because, believe me, ther
48、e is no shortage of unscrupulous individuals out there who will harvest your e-mail address among the thousands of others either for their own personal gain or to sell to third parties. W: Wow, I didnt realize it was so simple. M: Its actually worse than that. There are little software programs call
49、ed “spiders“ that trawl around the Internet on their own looking for e-mail addresses, so your e-mail address, left innocently on that cookery message board, doesnt even need to be seen by human eyes to be gathered. If any of your listeners are using what we call throwaway e-mail addresses, you know, provided by companies such as Yahoo or Hotmail, then I
