1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 312及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)
2、 you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 How Practice Can Damage Your English I. New interpretations of speaking and writing in learning English A. Speaking and writin
3、g stand for mistakes making speaking and writing【 T1】 _ the mistakes【 T1】 _ incorrect sentences occur when writing later, a bad habit formed:【 T2】 _ mistakes【 T2】 _ B. The more【 T3】 _, the worse English becomes【 T3】 _ C. Solution to the problem: never make mistakes write【 T4】 _ sentences【 T4】 _ add
4、more【 T5】 _ ones gradually【 T5】 _ 【 T6】 _ only correct sentences from the beginning【 T6】 _ D. Speaking and writing: not the way to【 T7】 _ mistakes【 T7】 _ speaking: unlikely to improve【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ 【 T9】 _: likely to correct English sentences【 T9】 _ people: likely to correct a few mistakes but not m
5、any II. Conclusion:【 T10】 _【 T10】 _ A. The use of rules of error-free speaking dont open the mouth at the very beginning get more【 T11】 _ by reading and listening in English【 T11】 _ follow【 T12】 _ to learn【 T12】 _ B. The techniques to learn the correct usage of English 【 T13】 _ may tell the correct
6、usage【 T13】 _ the other person may tell how to use learn the correct way to speak C. The【 T14】 _ to use this technique【 T14】 _ already know your saying is wrong the other person will correct you when making mistakes use it only【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】
7、8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T10】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions w
8、ill be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） It devotes more pages to sports
9、 events. （ B） It puts the horoscopes on the front page. （ C） It has a much longer history. （ D） It contains more pictures. （ A） Doing something worthwhile and rewarding. （ B） Scaring the people walking in the street. （ C） Attracting peoples attention. （ D） Criticizing the authorities. （ A） It is a n
10、ational newspaper. （ B） It has many amateur journalists. （ C） It offers very little space for baseball stats. （ D） It aims to compete with the national press. （ A） The woman is a sports fan. （ B） The woman seems to like The City Journal. （ C） Gary wants to read about the famine in Africa. （ D） Gary
11、feels ashamed at having a baseball team in his city. （ A） Local baseball results. （ B） International famine. （ C） Things going on in the rest of the country. （ D） Things going on in the rest of the world. （ A） Jobs around the country. （ B） Jobs overseas. （ C） Jobs on the other side of the state. （ D
12、） Local jobs. （ A） Half of the jobs are around the country. （ B） Most of the jobs are Jobs overseas. （ C） Half of the jobs are on the other side of the state. （ D） Most of the jobs are on the other side of the state. （ A） Because this newspaper is not as good as The Herald. （ B） Because one of the o
13、ther two newspapers can take its place. （ C） Because people dont rely much on the jobs section these days. （ D） Because business nowadays have other channels to place ads. （ A） The scrutiny of the local authority. （ B） The readers protest against high prices. （ C） Efficient staff in The Journal. （ D
14、） The low price of The Times. （ A） The man will stop buying newspapers if The Times closes down. （ B） People will continue to buy a local newspaper as often as in the past. （ C） New newspaper will emerge and look for saving, efficiency and so on. （ D） There used to be 5 local newspapers in the city
15、when the woman was a kid. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 312答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each g
16、ap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 【 听力原文】 How Practice Can Damage Your English Good morning, everyone. Today, I am going to talk about
17、the negative role of practice in English learning. If you ask “How can I learn to speak English better?“, many people will tell you Practice, practice, practice“. “Speak and write in English whenever you can“ they will say. All English classes are full of activities which involve speaking and writin
18、g which are supposed to help you with your English. We agree that practice can be very useful. Its even necessary to learn English well. So whats the problem? The problem is that for many learners, “speaking“ or “writing“ means “making a lot of mistakes“. Some people make a mistake in every sentence
19、! If you dont make many mistakes, then you can speak or write in English and it can only help. But if you make many mistakes, then every time you write or speak, you reinforce your mistakes. As you write or speak, you repeat your mistakes constantly and your incorrect habits become stronger. Imagine
20、 this situation: You are writing an e-mail message in English. Your English is not perfect and you want to write the message quickly. You write incorrectly: “I want speak English.“ When you write a sentence, you also read it. So the incorrect sentence goes into your head. The next time you write a m
21、essage, you will be more likely to write “I want finish“ or “I want be happy“. Why? Because “I want speak English“ is fresh in your head youve just used it! And when you write “I want do something“ the second time, youve got a “bad habit“, or a reinforced mistake. Now do you see our point? You write
22、 you make mistakes those mistakes become your habit, they become your way of writing in English. So, the more you write, the worse your English becomes. We have said that you need practice to learn English. We have also said that when you practice, you reinforce your mistakes. Michal suggests a simp
23、le solution to this paradox: Never make mistakes! According to what he says, it is close to the truth that you have never written an incorrect English sentence. You knew many grammatical structures and you used only those that you knew. Your sentences were similar to sentences which you knew to be c
24、orrect You followed good examples, so all your sentences were good. In the beginning, you could write only very simple sentences, but all the simple sentences were correct. Then as you advanced, you added more and more complicated structures, and again all your sentences were correct. Because of thi
25、s approach, you were never reinforcing bad habits. You never had any bad habits! From the beginning, you copied only correct sentences. With every sentence that you wrote, you reinforced your good habits. On the other side, if you make many mistakes, speaking and writing is not the way to eliminate
26、them! On the contrary, it reinforces them, as we have shown earlier. You have to realize that speaking does not improve your grammar or your vocabulary. Its really very simple. Can you learn a new word from yourself? If you dont know how to say “Good bye“ in English, can you invent it by yourself? N
27、o, you cant. You can only learn it by reading or listening to English. So what you should do if you cant help but make mistakes in your English sentences? If you make mistakes, that means you dont know how to say things in English. You need to learn how to say them. You wont learn that by speaking o
28、r writing. You must read and listen to correct English sentences. You can speak and write later when you can already build correct English sentences and want to improve your fluency. Perhaps you can benefit from corrections if you get a few corrections per week. But when there are many mistakes, you
29、 become unable to concentrate on them. If a teacher returns your composition with 20 corrected mistakes, how many of these corrections can you keep in your mind? Besides, your teacher is not always there. What if youre writing an e-mail message on your own or talking to someone else? Other people us
30、ually ignore your mistakes, and even your teacher does not point out all of them. The conclusion would be that fighting your mistakes is not easy, so its better to avoid making mistakes altogether. First, try to be more careful by using the rules of error-free speaking. If you still make a lot of mi
31、stakes, or if you find that the rules are killing your motivation, you probably shouldnt open your mouth just now. Instead, try to get more input by reading and listening in English. True, but believe us you can learn English with almost no mistakes. How? You can fill your brain with correct sentenc
32、es and imitate them. You can simply follow good examples. Moreover, sometimes you can say or write something which you think is wrong. You can do it if you want to learn how to say something in English. For example, if you are talking to a native speaker, you can do this: First, say “Im not sure how
33、 to say this in English, but.“ and then say your sentence which is probably wrong. And the other person can tell you how to say it in English correctly. From that you learn the correct way to say the sentence. Notice that this technique is only safe if you know that you are saying something which ma
34、y be wrong, or you are sure that the other person will correct you if you make a mistake. And you use it only occasionally. In summary, it should be noted that practice can also serve as a negative factor in English learning. Hope all of you can find the solution to it from todays lecture. 【知识模块】 听力
35、 1 【正确答案】 reinforce increase 【试题解析】 讲 座的主题是 “the negative role of practice in English learning(练习在英语学习中的消极作用 )”，在提到人们对于 practice看法的时候，讲座人提到了“但如果你练习时有很多错误，那么，每当你写作或说话时，你是在巩固你的错误 ”，由此可知答案为 reinforce或 increase。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 making the same 【试题解析】 讲座中提到 a bad habit的情形是当你第二次写 “I want do something”时
36、，第一次写这个句子是犯错误，第二次写即是犯同样的错误，所以应填入 making the same。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 practice speaking and writing 【试题解析】 此题谈论练习的消极作用，录音中提到 “因此，你写得越多，犯的错误也就越多。 ”根据原文可知， speaking&writing都是练习的方式，因此答案应为 practice或 speaking and writing。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 simple but correct 【试题解析】 在谈到解决问题的方法时讲座提到，一开始你可以只写很简单的句子，但是所有简单的句
37、子都是正确的，空格处要求填入 sentences的修饰语，根据原文可以总结为 simple but correct。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 complicated complex difficult 【试题解析】 此题谈到避免犯错的方法，从简单到复杂。录音中提到 “随着你不断进步，你使用越来越复杂的结构，你所有的句子又都是正确的。 ”可知答案为complicated，也可填入近义词 complex或 difficult。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 copy 【试题解析】 使用这种方法就不会有任何坏习惯的原因是从一开始你就只拷贝正确的句子，文中的原词是 copied，
38、而空格处需要填入动词原形，故答案为 copy。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 eliminate eradicate get rid of 【试题解析】 在谈论练习会引发错误后，此题从另一方面谈到练习并不能减少错误。录音原文 “另一方面，如果你犯了许多错误 ，谈话和写作并不能成为消除错误的方法 ”，由此可知答案为 eliminate或 eradicate， get rid of。 【知识模块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 grammar or vocabulary 【试题解析】 在谈到说的时候讲座提到，说不会改善你的语法或词汇，原文中出现的是 your grammar or your vo
39、cabulary，题目要求空格填入的词不超过三个，所以精简为 grammar or vocabulary。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 reading and listening 【试题解析】 此题说明如果不能避免犯错，应该怎么办。录音原文中提到 “你必须通过听和读来纠正错误 ”，由此可知答案为 listening and reading。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 avoid making mistakes 【试题解析】 此题处于结论部分，录音提到 “结论是：如果你无法战胜错误，那么你最好避免错误 ”。由此可知答案为 avoid making mistakes。 【知
40、识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 input 【 试题解析】 讲座提到通过用英语读和听，尽量得到更多的输入信息。由此可知答案为 input。 【知识模块】 听力 12 【正确答案】 good examples correct sentences 【试题解析】 此题是回答原文中 How?如何在学习英语时几乎不犯错误这一问题。原文录音 “你可以把正确的句子都塞进脑子并对其进行模仿。你只要遵照好的例子即可。 ”由此可知答案为 good examples或 correct sentences。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 native speakers 【试题解析】 此题涉及如何学习正确
41、英语的一些方法。录音中提到 “比如，如果你正在跟一个说本族语的人交谈，你就可以这样做 ”，由此可知答案为 native speakers。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 conditions preconditions premises 【试题解析】 最后综述的时候，提到了一些方法后，进一步说明某一具体方法的使用条件，录音 Notice that this technique is only safe if: ，因此可以概括出答 案为 conditions或 preconditions， premises。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 occasionally now a
42、nd then 【试题解析】 此题反映了上一题的具体内容，谈到 3个前提条件，其中第三个为you use it only occasionally，联系到题目，可知答案为 occasionally，也可填其近义表达 now and then。 【知识模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked abo
43、ut what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to pre
44、view the questions. 16 【听力原文】 M: Have you seen this story in The Herald? It says The Times is closing down in three months time. W: Gary, thats good news, that newspaper is terrible. I wont miss it. M: What do you mean? The Times is the best newspaper in the city. If that closes, well only have The
45、Herald and that City Journal which is too awful for words. W: You only like The Times because it takes up to 20 pages every day with sports. This is a newspaper which puts the horoscopes on the bottom of the front page. I think that tells you how serious it is. M: Come on. Thats hardly fair now, is
46、it? Remember the campaign they did last year to save the childrens hospital. You cant tell me you didnt think that was a worthwhile thing to do. W: They only did that because they knew it would strike a nerve with the average guy in the street. You know, saving a childrens hospital. Its like the ult
47、imate in populist journalism. Do you remember reading their article a couple of months before criticizing the local authorities wasting money on out-of-date healthcare facilities, including the very same childrens hospital? They have only ever written what they think will sell more newspapers. M: We
48、ll, it obviously didnt work if theyre closing, did it? W: No, and thank heavens for that. The City Journal is a great paper and you dont like it because it doesnt devote 5 pages every day to baseball stats. M: This is a baseball city. Weve got a great team. Why shouldnt we read about it? Where are w
49、e going to get the results now? The Journal puts all the results in one tiny box on the back page and The Herald gives them maybe a half page. Its almost as if they feel ashamed at having a successful team here. I just dont see why people buy The Journal. W: Err, maybe because it has authentic journalists workin
