1、专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 4及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lectur
2、e. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Advertising I. The definition of advertising (1)_ but encouraging presentation of goods and(1)_ service
3、s II. The importance of advertising to a company increase(2)_ within the circle of potential targets(2)_ III. Three categories of media A. The print media 1. Newspapers Advantages: a. newspaper ads are available to huge numbers of people b. newspapers ads approach to local people directly c. ads can
4、 be(3)_ due to low cost(3)_ Disadvantages: a. newspaper ads have no color b. they are not very exciting or (4)_(4)_ 2. Magazines Advantages: magazines have(5)_ of readers(5)_ Disadvantages: advertising in magazine can be very expensive B. The broadcast media 1. Radios Advantages: a. everyone listens
5、 to radio. b. radio is usually local Disadvantages: a. the ads are hard to attract audiences (6)_(6)_ b. company has to advertise on different stations 2. TVs Advantages: a. it conveys information with sight, sound and(7)_(7)_ b. it reaches audience nationwide Disadvantages: ads on TV are enormously
6、 expensive C. The direct media 1. Mails Advantages: the ad goes directly to the potential customers. Disadvantages: direct mails are often considered as (8)_(8)_ 2.(9)_(9)_ Advantages: they are easy to see with (10)_ messages.(10)_ Disadvantages: they dont contain much information. 3. Signs and post
7、ers Advantages: it is cheap 1 (1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5 (5) 6 (6) 7 (7) 8 (8) 9 (9) 10 (10) SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the inte
8、rview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 What do we learn about NCLB? （ A） It proves to be a perfect educational program. （ B） It doesnt focus on test scores in reading and math. （ C） It has negative effects on subjects not te
9、sted. （ D） It has results in constantly tested subjects as expected. 12 What do Dr. Ravitchs basic principles of education center on? （ A） All children should have access to an education of high quality. （ B） Accountability and choice are very effective means. （ C） More public services should be pri
10、vatized at a faster speed. （ D） Physical education isnt an essential part of high-quality education. 13 What is the limitation of standardized tests nowadays? （ A） There are only essays and demonstrations of knowledge. （ B） There are too few multiple-choice questions. （ C） They narrow ways of measur
11、ing what students have learned. （ D） They make it difficult to unify a standard for evaluation. 14 Dr. Ravitch will support the following policies EXCEPT （ A） having principals who have been excellent teachers. （ B） insisting on high qualifications for new teachers. （ C） committing to building a bet
12、ter and stronger profession. （ D） that students get a solid education only in tested subjects. 15 Which of the following is NOT the reason for high dropout rate nationally? （ A） Some students have to earn money to support the family. （ B） Some students fail repeatedly in school. （ C） Some girls beco
13、me pregnant. （ D） Some students get unfair treatment in school. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16
14、What is the main idea about this news item? （ A） The carbon tax does not exist in Europe. （ B） French government backs down on carbon tax plan. （ C） The court rejected the carbon tax plan last year. （ D） The president is revising the carbon tax plan. 17 From the drug trade, Mexican gangs gained_ fro
15、m the US each year. （ A） $1.4 billion （ B） $38 billion （ C） $17 billion （ D） $40 billion 18 In the US, the rise of heroin production in Mexico in 2008 resulted in （ A） lower heroin prices. （ B） rapid grow of drug trade. （ C） more diseases. （ D） widespread drug activists. 19 According to the news ite
16、m, the potential treatment for sleeping sickness （ A） was identified by British experts. （ B） has been put into service for 18 months. （ C） has not fully been developed so far. （ D） is taken by injection. 20 Which of the following statements about the disease is TRUE? （ A） It kills 60,000 people in
17、Africa each year. （ B） It is easy to diagnose but difficult to cure. （ C） It spreads through air. （ D） It can cause death. 专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷 4答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the im
18、portant points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet
19、for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Advertising Good morning, everyone. In todays lecture, well mainly talk about the advertisement in our life. To start, Id like to have an introduction to advertising first. Advertising can be defined as a paid form of non-professional but encouraging, complimenting and posi
20、tively favorable presentation of goods and services to a group of people by an identified sponsor. It does not include distribution of free samples or offering bonuses, these are sales promotion. In simplest words, advertising is an introduction to consumers and general public, of services and goods
21、. In a modern society, no company can hope to make a profit on any product unless it advertises it first. Advertising creates brand awareness in general public and to make business more popular within the circle of potential buyers. Advertising, in a straight line, increases profit of the companies
22、by escalating its revenue. The expenditure made on advertisement can turn as good boost in earnings. Therefore, the most important decision that a company has to make regarding advertising is where to advertise. On TV? In magazines? On the radio? In newspapers? We refer to these means of communicati
23、on as “the media.“ There are three categories of media: print, broadcast, and direct. Today, we are going to describe each of these categories and discuss their importance and usefulness in advertising. The first category, the print media, consists of printed information sources; in other words, new
24、spapers and magazines. For the advertisers, each of these has certain advantages and disadvantages. Lets talk first about newspapers, which receive more money from advertisements each year than any other medium. This is because newspaper advertising has several outstanding advantages. First of all,
25、nearly everybody reads newspapers. Therefore, newspaper ads reach huge numbers of people. Moreover. Newspapers are generally local. This allows. small, local businesses to advertise directly to their potential customers. Third, newspaper advertising is relatively cheap; so the ad can be as long as t
26、he advertiser wants, and it can also be repeated. On the other hand, newspaper ads have no color, and they are not very exciting or glamorous. Instead, you find these ads in the second type of print medium, magazines. For the advertiser, the greatest advantage of magazines is that they have speciali
27、zed groups of readers. In other words, the people who read Car and Driver are probably not the same people who read Glamour, which is a womens magazine, or The New Republic, a political magazine. Therefore, advertising in a magazine allows a business to direct its ads to the people who are most inte
28、rested in the product. The big disadvantage of magazine advertisement is that it can be very expensive, especially in magazines like Playboy or National Geographic. Lets move along now and talk about the broadcast media, by which we mean radio and television. These also have both advantages and disa
29、dvantages. First, radio. Radio has two of the same advantages as newspapers: Almost everybody listens to it, and its usually local. However, the radio is a background medium, and most listeners are doing something else while listening, which means that the ad has to work hard to get their attention.
30、 Further, because radio listeners are spread over many stations, a company may have to advertise simultaneously on several stations to reach your target audience. Millions of dollars are spent each year on radio ads, but millions more are spent on television advertising. You can easily understand wh
31、y. Of all the media, TV, with sound, sight, and motion, is the most dramatic, so the ads are easy to remember. How many of you, for example, can sing the slogan for Coca-Cola, “Its the real thing?“ Thats because TV permits ads to reach large numbers of people on a national or regional level in a sho
32、rt period of time. On the other hand, ads on TV are enormously expensive. For example, a thirty-second commercial during the evening can cost $150,000. Obviously, only large companies can afford to advertise on television. There is one more category of media that is used extensively in advertising.
33、These are the direct media. The most common direct media is the mail, and direct mail advertising is a very big business. Even if you have only lived in this country for a short time, you have probably already received advertisements in the mail. The advantage of advertising by mail is that advertis
34、ing message is targeted to those most likely to buy the product or service. However, many people dont bother to read these ads; in fact, we call them “junk mail“ and often throw them away without even opening the envelope. Another direct medium is billboards; these are the huge signs that you see wh
35、enever you drive down the street. Billboards are useful because they are colorful and easy to see. And the message is permanent. However, the message must be short enough for drivers to read as they are passing by. The third type of direct medium is signs and posters. They are usually used in what i
36、s called “point of purchase“ advertising that is, ads that appear in the same place where the product is being sold. You can see point of purchase advertising every time you go to the supermarket. There are always signs in the window telling you what is on sale that day. This is also a kind of adver
37、tising. Its great advantage is that it is cheap. OK. This brings us to the end of todays lecture. I hope now you have a better understanding of different advertising media. In our next lecture, well discuss in detail how to choose the best advertising media for different types of companies. 【知识模块】 听
38、力 1 【正确答案】 non-professional 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案】 popularity 【知识模块】 听力 3 【正确答案】 repeated 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 glamorous 【知识模块】 听力 5 【正确答案】 specialized group 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 attention 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 motion 【知识模 块】 听力 8 【正确答案】 junk mail 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 Billboards 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 permanent 【知识
39、模块】 听力 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
40、Now listen to the interview. 11 【听力原文】 M: Good evening. Today we have Dr. Diane Ravitch with us. She was once as one of the most important supporters of No Child Left Behind policy, or NCLB. But in her new book, she strongly opposed to NCLB. But why did you support the policy so vigorously before? W
41、: For many years, there has been widespread recognition mat the performance of American students was less than optimal. NCLB seemed to offer a reasonable plan to strengthen basic skills of all students, which would men make them stronger in other subjects and prepare them better for college and the
42、workplace. M: What motivated you to change these views and write your new book? W: As I saw the actual effects of NCLB, I came to realize that the focus on test scores in reading and math was having negative effects on subjects that were not tested, like history, geography, science, literature, fore
43、ign languages, etc. Because of the high stakes attached to NCLB testing, there was no incentive to teach anything that was not tested. Billions have been invested in materials to prepare for state testing. Yet the results have been meager to date, even in the subjects that are constantly tested. M:
44、What message are you trying to convey about the current and future state of the American school system in your new book? W: I hope with my book to cause policymakers to rethink their reliance of testing, accountability, and private-sector choice as solutions to the problems of public education. I wo
45、uld like to see a renaissance of educational values; I would like to slow the momentum to reduce all education to a test score and to privatize public services. M: Many reviews have been very positive but some say you have changed your views on education completely. What has changed? What has not ch
46、anged? W: I have never changed my fundamental principles, which center on the idea that all children should have access to an education of high quality, one that includes not only basic skills, but history, geography, foreign languages, literature, science, and other studies, as well as physical edu
47、cation and health. Accountability and choice are means, not ends. I concluded that they are not effective means, because they subvert the goal. So I abandoned the means, but not the end, which is what matters most. M: You talk in your book about your education in Houston. How does your experience co
48、mpare with that of students today? What has improved? What has declined? W: I had a good education, but not a great education. I dont want to romanticize the public schools of my generation. Yet, despite their inadequacies, the schools understood that all students should have a broad education. Most
49、 tests were essays and demonstrations of knowledge, not standardized, multiple-choice questions. The current reliance on standardized tests is a product of advancing technology, but it has a bad effect on education because it narrows our means of gauging what students have learned. So now they learn to guess the right answer, instead of demonstrating knowledge and comprehension. M: One criticism of your bo
