1、专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗 ?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难：但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着 一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间自白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不
2、如此。 2 乔羽的歌大冢都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知，那就是钓鱼和喝酒。 晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓，他说： “有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园，而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。 ”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。乔羽说： “钓鱼可分三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情 趣兼而有之；第三阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心的烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。 ” 3 中国是世界四大文明古国之一，地大物博，拥有茂密的深林、壮丽的山河、如利剑直插云霄的高峰、雄伟壮丽的瀑布、秀丽的湖泊
3、及富有中华文化光辉的名胜古迹，令世界各国人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中国具有五千多年的历史，遗留下无数的历史文物，包括珍贵珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿及数不尽的雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种原因都促使中国成为许多人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。 4 由小学到中学，所修习的无非是 一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为 “最高学府 ”，这名称易滋误解好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是初涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣
4、味。 5 “跳竹竿 ”原是黎族一种古老的祭祀方式。数百年前，当黎家人经过辛勤耕作换得新谷归仓时，村里男女老少就会穿上节日盛装，家家户户炊制新米饭，酿造糯米酒，宰杀禽畜 ，祭祀祖宗和神灵。酒酣饭饱后，众人就会来到山坡上，点燃篝火，跳起竹竿舞。竹声叮咚，庆祝稻谷丰登，祝愿来年有更好的收成。 “跳竹竿 ”每年从开春之日起，直至元宵，几乎夜夜篝火通明，欢跳不息，热烈气氛充溢着山坡村寨。 专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 12答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1
5、【正确答案】 What is the significance of life? Are there any criteria for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute standard, it is not so hard to form a sound evaluation of the very meaning of a persons existence by roughly judging his attitude towards life, work and etc. Throughout the
6、ages, all people of accomplishment took their lives seriously. As long as they were alive, they devoted themselves to more work and study and would not let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common laboring people as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country o
7、ver the centuries. 【试题解析】 1、第 1段为评论性文字，故宜采用一般现在时；第 2段追述历史，以古证今，故应转换成过去时。 2、第 1段第 1句的第 1个分句虽非一个独立的问句，但若将其单独译为问句，则与第 2个分句形成连续发问的效果，发人深思。 3、第 2段第 1句较长，可译为两句。 “不肯 ” 可译为 would not ； “古来 ”，亦即 “古往今来 ”之意，可译成 Throughout the ages或 Throughout the history， “严肃地对待 ”可译成 takeseriously 。 4、第 2段第 2句的 “莫不如此 ”译为 the s
8、ame is true of。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 In his later years, Qiao Yu has developed a penchant fondness for fishing. He once remarked that “a place with water and fish are normally blessed with a nice surrounding, which in return keeps you in a good mood, and I believe the best fishing places are not comm
9、ercial fishing centers where you are provided with all conveniences with fish kept hungry for easy capture, but those naturally-formed places in the wilderness, which exert a special appeal.“ According to him, fishing is an activity conducive to the cultivation of good temperament and good physical
10、as well as mental health. He further claims that “the pleasure of fishing can be divided into three states: the first consists of mere fish-eating; the second combines fish-eating with the pleasure (enjoyment) of fishing; while the third consists in the pleasure of fishing alone when, facing a pond
11、of clear water, you put aside all your vexations and annoyances and enjoy the complete mental and physical relaxation.“ 【试题解析】 1、本段介绍乔羽的垂钓乐趣及他对垂钓乐趣的独到见解，故总体上采用一般现在时。 2、第 1句的 “喜爱 ”可译为以下短语： become enamored of， be fond of, take to等。 “有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的 ”中 “大都 ”可译成 normally， “有好环境 ”可译成 beblessed with a goo
12、d surrounding，贴近原文的风格，译出乔羽说话时的感情色彩：这里的 “环境 ”译成 surrounding比较贴切，也可译成 scenery； “陶冶性情 ”可译为 conduciveto the cultivation of good temperament或 help refineimprove ones temperament；翻译 “身心健康 ”时应增加 good一词，即译成 good physical and mental health。 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 China is one of the four countries in the world
13、with an ancient civilization. It has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the skies like so many gargantuan swords. Besides, it contains historic remains of g
14、lorious Chinese antiquity. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But, most importantly, China is possessed of a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, histori
15、c sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won peoples admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land! 【试题解析】 1、本段总体时态为一般现在时。原文介绍中国人 文地理情况，内容比较丰富，翻译时需要尽可能保持原文信息的完整，不可疏漏。 2、第 2句可先译出句子主干 Chi
16、na is possessed of ，用介词短语 (with引导 )修饰ahistory of over five thousand years继而用 such as列举 innumerable historicalrelics的具体内容，再以定语从句作结，结构上显得有起伏。 3、 “具有 ”用 be possessed of译，是书面表达，常用于正式文体中。这里也可选择动词 possess或 have来翻译。 4、 “惊叹 ”按 “赢得赞赏 ”之意译为短语 win ones admiration，不宜译成 surprise，startle或 take ones breath away。 5
17、、考虑到本文需要实现劝说外国人来中国旅游这一功能，最后一句可译为 You are sureto find great enjoyment of all these attractions in China,a much-admired dream land! 【知识模块】 汉译英 4 【正确答案】 Primary and secondary schools will impart to you only some rudiments of knowledge. Even what you learn during the four years of university will be som
18、ething quite superficial too. A university has often been misleadingly referred to as “the highest seat of learning“, which sounds as if there were no more learning to speak of beyond it. The research institute of a university, however, is the place for preliminary scholarship. But even there you ge
19、t only the first taste of learning and the emphasis is on research methodology and practice. Art is long, life is short. That is why some of our ancients continued to study classics into their old age. They were, of course, motivated by an enormous interest in their studies. 【试题解析】 1、本段总体时态为一般现在时，最后
20、一句话说 “古人 ”，用一般过去时。 2、第 1句选择 primary and secondary schools为主语，目的是为了连结下文所讨论的 auniversity和 the research institute of a university。 3、第 3句的 “学府 ”可译为 seat of learning或 institution of higher learning。 4、 “这名称易滋误解 ”可译为非限制性定语从句 which is misleading，参考译文采用了评注性副词 misleadingly，结构更为紧凑。 5、第 4句的 “所在 ”和 “在这里 ”是共指关系
21、，可用 where引导定语从句与之衔接；参考译文另起一句，前置 there以表强调。句中的 “藩篱 ”一词原指篱笆，这里作比喻用，故 “初涉藩篱 ”按 “初步体验做学问的乐趣 ”译为 the fast taste of learning。 【知识模块】 汉译英 5 【正确答案】 The bamboo dance originates from Li peoples memorial ceremonies for their ancestors several hundred years ago. They used to have a grand celebration for a bumpe
22、r harvest, when they would dress themselves in bright clothes, cook newly collected rice, brew rice wine, and kill domestic fowl and animals as offering for gods and their forefathers. After a big dinner, they would gather at mountain slopes for the bamboo dance. Around the bonfires and at the rhyth
23、mic and musical sound of the bamboo poles knocking, they danced merrily and anticipated another good harvest the following year. The game starting on the first day of spring would last fifteen days till the Lantern Festival. During the period the villages, lit up with bonfires every evening with peo
24、ple dancing and dancing, were immersed in a festival atmosphere. 【试题解析】 1、原文中包含大量的文化特色词汇，需要在理解原文内涵意义的基础上，使用恰当的策略对其进行处理，如意译或音译 加解释的方法等。本段 “数百年前 ”标志时间，当用一般过去时进行翻译。 2、第 1句的 “祭祀 ”意为置备供品对神佛或祖先行礼， “方式 ”按 “仪式 ”解，故 “祭祀方式 ”可译为 memorial ceremonies for their ancestors或 a ritual in memory of theirancestors。 3、第 3句的 “酒酣饭饱 ”简译为 a big dinner，也可译为 be fully satisfied with drinksand food。 4、第 4句的 “竹声叮咚 ”按 “竹竿敲击的声音很有音乐的 节奏感 ”译为 the rhythmic andmusical sound of the bamboo poles knocking。 5、第 5句的 “从开春之日起，直至元宵 ”指从正月初一直至 “元宵节 ”(正月十五 )，故增译了 last fifteen days。 【知识模块】 汉译英
