1、专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷 71及答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 在那著名的古庙里，站立着一尊高大的塑像，人站在他的旁边，伸直了手还摸不到他的膝盖。很多年以来，他都使看见的人不由自主地肃然起敬，感到自己的渺小，卑微，因而渴望能得到他的拯救。 这尊塑像站了几百年了，他觉得这是一种苦役。对于热望从他得到援助的 芸芸众生，明知是无能为力的，因此他由于羞愧而厌烦，最后终于向那些膜拜者说话了： “众生啊，你们做的是多么可笑的事 !你们以自己的模型创造了
2、我，把我加以扩大，想从我身上发生一种威力，借以镇压你们不安定的精神。而我却害怕你们。我敢相信：你们之所以要创造我，完全是因为你们缺乏自信 请看吧，我比之你们能多些什么呢 ?而我却没有你们自己所具备的。 ” 2 我已是一个中年的人。一到中年，就有许多不愉快的现象，眼睛昏花了，记忆力减退了，头发开始秃脱而且变白了，意兴，体 力，什么都不如年青的时候，常不禁会感觉到难以名言的寂寞的情味。尤其觉得难堪的是知友的逐渐减少和疏远，缺乏交际上的温暖的慰藉。 不消说，相识的人数是随了年龄增加的，一个人年龄越大，走过的地方当过的职务越多，相识的人理该越增加了。可是相识的人并不就是朋友。我们和许多人相识，或是因了
3、事务关系，或是因了偶然的机缘 如在别人请客的时候同席吃过饭之类。 见面时点头或握手，有事时走访或通信，口头上彼此也称 “朋友 ”，笔头上有时或称 “仁兄 ”，诸如此类，其实只是一种社交上的客套，和 “顿首 ”“百拜 ”同是仪式的虚伪。这种交际可以说是社交，和真正的友谊相差似乎很远。 3 我在故乡走的地方不多，但古迹、侨乡，到处可见，福建华侨，遍于天下。我所到过的亚、非、欧、美各国都可见到辛苦创业的福建侨民，握手之余，情溢言表。在他们家里、店里，吃着福州菜，喝着茉莉花茶，使我觉得作为一个福州人是四海都有家的。 我的父母之乡是可爱的。有人从故乡来，或是有朋友新近到福建去过，我都向他们问起福建的近况
4、。他们说：福建比起二十多年前来进步得不可辨认了。最近呢，农业科学化了，又在植树造林，山岭田地更加郁郁葱 葱了。他们都动员我回去看看。我何尝不想呢 ?不但我想，在全世界的天涯海角，更不知有多少人在想 !我愿和故乡的人，以及普天下的福建侨民，一同在精神和物质文明方面，把故乡建设得更美好 ! SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 4 It was New Years Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raise
5、d his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than him now moved towards their certain goal-the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading
6、 to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts. The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the en
7、trance of the two roadsone leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled. 5 When the wome
8、n I met at college thought about the joys and privileges of men, they did not carry in their minds the sort of men I had known in my childhood. They thought of their fathers, who were bankers, physicians, architects, stockbrokers, the big wheels of the big cities. These fathers rode the train to wor
9、k or drove cars that cost more than any of my childhood houses. They were attended from morning to night by female helpers, wives and nurses and secretaries. They were never laid off, never short of cash at months end, never lined up for welfare. These fathers made decisions that mattered. They ran
10、the world. The daughters of such men wanted to share in this power, this glory. So did I. They yearned for a say over their future, for jobs worthy of their abilities, for the right to live at peace, unmolested, whole. Yes, I thought, yes, yes. The difference between me and these daughters was that
11、they saw me, because of my sex, as destined from birth to become like their fathers, and therefore as an enemy to their desires. But I knew better. I wasnt an enemy, in fact or in feeling. I was an ally. If I had known, then, how to tell them so, would they have believed me? Would they now? 专业英语八级（翻
12、译）模拟试卷 71答案与解析 SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH Directions: Translate the following text into English. 1 【正确答案】 There stood in a well-known ancient temple a huge statue. He was so tall that people standing by were unable to touch even his knees however hard they tried to reach for them. For many, many y
13、ears, visitors couldnt help feeling so overawed and dwarfed at the sight of him that they looked to him eagerly for salvation. Having stood there for several hundred years, the statue had now come to detest it as a kind of forced drudgery. And he knew perfectly well that he could do nothing whatsoev
14、er to help the suffering mortal beings craving for salvation by him. Feeling bored as well as ashamed, he began to address his worshippers at long last; “ O ye mortals, what a ridiculous thing youve done! Youve created me in your own image, and an image of gigantic dimensions at that, believing that
15、 I can thus be powerful enough to rid you of your worries and cares. As a result, however, Ive become just scared of you. “ 【试题解析】 1画线部分第一段第一句中， “人站在他的旁边 ”译为 people standing by； “伸直了手 ” 这里意在说明人们努力的程度，因此意译为 however hard they tried to reach for them。 2画线部分第一段第二句中， “看见的人 ”应根据英语语言习惯，译作介词 短语作状语，即 atthe s
16、ight of him； “不由自主地肃然起敬，感到自己的渺小，卑微 ”译为 couldnt helpfeeling so overawed and dwarfed. 3画线部分第二段第一句中包含两个分句，根据英文习惯，把第一个分句译作现在分词短语作状语会使整个句子结构显得清晰、明了，即 Having stood there for several hundred years， thestatue had now come to detest it as a kind of forced drudgery，其中 to detest(憎恨 )和 forced(强加的 )均为增译成分，原文虽无其词
17、但有其意。 4画线部分第二段第二句 “由于羞愧而厌烦 ”进行灵活处理，译为 Feeling bored as well asashamed，意即 “不仅羞愧，而且厌烦 ”。 5画线部分第三段第二句， “把我加以扩大 ”译为 and an image of gigantic dimensions at that，补充前面的 Youve created me in your own image。 6画线部分第三段最后 一句， “而我却害怕你们 ”译为 As a result， however， Ive become justscared of you。中文 “而 ”的实际意思是 “这样一来 ”或
18、“结果 ”，故译为As a result，不宜译为 In the meantime或 And等。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 I am already a middle-aged man. At middle age, I feel sad to find my eyesight and memory failing, my hair thinning and graying, and myself no longer mentally and physically as fit as when I was young. I often suffer from a nameless
19、 loneliness. The most intolerable of all is the lack of friendly warmth and comfort due to the gradual passing away and estrangement of more and more old pals. Needless to say, the number of acquaintances increases with ones age. The older one gets, the more widely travelled one is and the more work
20、 experience one has, thus, the more acquaintances one is supposed to have. But not all acquaintances are friends. We come to know many people either in the way of business or by mere chance-say, having been at the same table at a dinner party. 【试题解析】 1画线部分第一段第二句中的 “头发开始秃脱而且变白了 ”指头发变得稀疏且白，可译为 myhair
21、thinning and graying，这里用动词的现在分词形式是因为要与前面的 find搭配； “难以名言的 ”在这里可译为 nameless，意同indescribable，但 nameless常用来指不好的事物，如： anameless fear， nameless atrocities等。 2画线部分第一段第三句中 “逐渐减少 ”在原文指 “逐渐作古 ”，如直译为 the gradualdwindling away则不能明确表达 “死去 ”的意思，故译为 gradual passing away。 3画线部分第二二段第一句中 “理该 ”一词，意思为 “理所应该这样 ”，据此可翻译为
22、is supposed to。 4画线部分第二段第二句翻译时应注意 “相识的人 ”和 “朋友 ”的区别，这也是这篇文章的核心内容之所在，因此我们可将 “相识的人 ”译为 acquaintances，以与friends区别开来。 5画线部分第二段第三句， “我们和许多人相识，或是因了事务关系，或是因了偶然的机缘 ” 翻译时可以把 “我们和许多人相识 ”译作主句，将后面的 “或是因了事务关系，或是因了偶然的机缘 ”译作方式状语，这样比较符合英文的表达习惯。 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 My ancestral home is so endearing. Whenever I meet
23、somebody hailing from Fuzhou or a friend who has recently been there, I always inquire of them about the present conditions in Fujian. They all tell me that compared with two decades ago, Fujian has made such a great progress that it is now almost beyond recognition. Recently I have learned that peo
24、ple there have gone in for scientific farming and afforestation, so that green and luxuriant vegetation has appeared on all mountains and fields. People have been advising me to pay another visit to my old home. Yes, I am more than eager to do so. And so are my numerous fellow townsmen in all corner
25、s of the world. I hope that together with all the people in my hometown as well as all overseas Chinese from Fujian, I can do my bit to make a still better place of my ancestral home, both materially and culturally. 【试题解析】 1画线部分第一句 中的 “父母之乡 ”指的是我们通常说的 “祖籍，原籍 ”，据此可翻译为 ancestral home。 2画线部分第二句中的 “有人从故
26、乡来，或是有朋友新近到福建去过 ”翻译时如都处理为定语从句，略显单调，故译为 Whenever I meet somebody hailing from Fuzhou or a friend who hasrecently been there，这样使句式显得富于变化。 3画线部分第四句， “农业科学化了，又在植树造林 ”译为英文时需要添加主语，即 people therehave gone in for scientific farming and afforestation，其中短语 go in for意为 “致力于，从事 ”。 4画线部分第五句， “我何尝不想呢 ?”可译为肯定句式： Y
27、es， I am more than eager to do so。 5画线部分第六句， “不但我想 更不知有多少人在想 ”这句话承接上一句，故这里采用 And so are 句型，起到重复上句意思的作用。 6画线部分最后一句， “一同在精神和物质文明方面 ”在翻译时译作句子的状语，即 bothmaterially and culturally； “把故乡建设得更美好 ”译为 do my bit to make a still better place of my ancestral home。 【知识模块】 汉译英 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Direction
28、s: Translate the following text into Chinese. 4 【正确答案】 那是个新年之夜。一位老人伫立窗边，他抬起双眼，把悲伤的目光投向幽蓝的天幕。夜空像一个清澈静谧的大湖，星星像 一朵朵百合花漂在湖面上。然后他把目光投向大地，此刻走向 其必然终点 (坟墓 )的芸芸众生中很少有人比他更为绝望。在通往坟墓的旅途中，老人已度过了六十载春秋，而他从这漫漫旅途带向坟墓的，除了过失和悔恨，别无他物。他的健康失去了，他的头脑空虚了，他的心灵充满了悲哀，他偌大一把年岁却少有慰藉。 青春时代梦幻般地浮现在他眼前。他回想起那个庄严的时刻，父亲把他领到两条路的分岔口 一条路通向
29、和平安宁、阳光明媚的世界，那里有遍地鲜花，满园果实，四处洋溢着柔和悦耳的歌声；另一条路则通向黑暗的无底深渊，那里流淌的是毒浆 而不是清水，那里有张牙舞爪的恶魔和嘶嘶蹿动的毒蛇。 【试题解析】 1第一段第二句中的 standing at a window应翻译成 “伫立窗边 ”。 2第一段第三句中的 mournful eyes应译为 “悲伤的目光 ”，不宜译为 “悲伤的眼睛 ”。 3第一段第四句中 few表示否定，并非指数量， few more hopeless people than him应译作 “芸芸众生中很少有人比他更为绝望 ”。 4第一段最后一句原文采用了排比结构，后面几个分句都省略了
30、系动词，译文最好保留排比结构，故译为 “他的健康失 去了，他的头脑空虚了，他的心灵充满了悲哀，他偌大一把年岁却少有慰藉。 ” 5第二段独句成段，破折号前为句子的主干部分： The days of his youth appearedand he recalledthe serious moment ，后面的 when引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the serious moment；破折号后面的内容解释说明 the two roads的具体内容。原文中采用了排比的结构，因此翻译成中文后仍需保留排比结构。另外， the other leading to a deep， dark cave， whic
31、h was endless， where poisonflowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled中有三个定语从句，均修饰先行词 cave，翻译时按照原文顺序依次译出即可，即 “另一条路则通向黑暗的无底深渊，那里流淌的是毒浆而不是清水，那里有张牙舞爪的恶魔和嘶嘶蹿动的毒蛇。 ” 【知识模块】 英译汉 5 【正确答案】 我在大学里遇见的女人考虑男人的乐趣和特权 时，心里想到的并不是我童年时代认识的那类男人。她们想到的是她们的父亲，那些银行家、医生、建筑师、股票经纪人，那些大城市里的
32、大亨。那些人乘坐火车去上班，或者开着比我小时候住过的任何房子都值钱的小汽车。从早到晚，都有妻子、护士、秘书这样的女帮手服侍他们。他们从不会被人解雇，从不会在月底缺钱花，从不用排队领救济金。这些人做出重大决策，管理着这个世界。 这些人的女儿想要分享这种权力，这份荣耀。当然我也想。她们渴望能主宰自己的未来，找到能充分施展自己才华的工作，获得过上平静、安宁、充实的生活的权利。是的，我也 是这么想的，真的是的。我和这些女儿们的分歧在于：由于性别的缘故，她们认为我生来注定要成为她们父亲那样的人，因而我也就成了妨碍她们实现自己愿望的敌人。 【试题解析】 1第一段第二句中的 the big wheels o
33、f the big cities指的是 “大城市里的大亨 ”， wheels在此处指 “握有大权或具有广泛影响力的人 ”。 2第一段第四句中的 wives and nurses and secretaries用来解释前面提到的female helpers的具体内容，翻译时将其译作 female helpers的定语即可。 3第一段第五句，原文排比句式在翻译时应予以保留，以加强语势，译作 “他们从不会被人解雇，从不会在月底缺钱花，从不用排队领救济金。 ” 4第一段第六句中的 mattered在句中作动词，意为 “有关系 ”，这里和 that一起作 decisions的定语，翻译时译作 “重大决策 ”。 5第二段第三句中的 say译作 “发言权 ”； live应该采用 “词性转换法 ”翻译，译作“过上 的生活 ”。 6第二段第五句中的 an enemy to their desires在翻译时应灵活处理，可采用 “增词法 ”，整个短语 译为 “妨碍她们实现自己愿望的敌人 ”。 【知识模块】 英译汉
