1、专业英语八级（阅读）模拟试卷 148及答案与解析 SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 (1)Jo
2、seph was an elderly, nay, an old man: very old, perhaps, though hale and sinewy. “The Lord helps us!“ he soliloquised in an undertone of peevish displeasure, while relieving me of my horse: looking, meantime, in my face so sourly that I charitably conjectured he must have need of divine aid to diges
3、t his dinner, and his pious ejaculation had no reference to my unexpected advent. (2)Wuthering Heights is the name of Mr. Heathcliffs dwelling. “Wuthering“ being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed in stormy weather. Pure, bracing
4、 ventilation they must have up there at all times, indeed: one may guess the power of the north wind blowing over the edge, by the excessive slant of a few stunted firs at the end of the house: and by a range of gaunt thorns all stretching their limbs one way, as if craving alms of the sun. Happily,
5、 the architect had foresight to build it strong: the narrow windows are deeply set in the wall, and the corners defended with large jutting stones. (3)Before passing the threshold, I paused to admire a quantity of grotesque carving lavished over the front, and especially about the principal door: ab
6、ove which, among a wilderness of crumbling griffins and shameless little boys, I detected the date “1500“ , and the name “Hareton Earnshaw“. I would have made a few comments, and requested a short history of the place from the surly owner: but his attitude at the door appeared to demand my speedy en
7、trance, or complete departure, and I had no desire to aggravate his impatience previous to inspecting the penetralium. (4)One step brought us into the family sitting-room, without any introductory lobby or passage: they call it here “the house“ preeminently. It includes kitchen and parlour, generall
8、y: but I believe at Wuthering Heights the kitchen is forced to retreat altogether into another quarter: at least I distinguished a chatter of tongues, and a clatter of culinary utensils(厨房用具 ), deep within: and I observed no signs of roasting, boiling, or baking, about the huge fireplace: nor any gl
9、itter of copper saucepans and tin cullenders(滤锅 )on the walls. One end, indeed, reflected splendidly both light and heat from ranks of immense pewter dishes, interspersed with silver jugs and tankards, towering row after row, on a vast oak dresser, to the very roof. The latter had never been under-d
10、rawn: its entire anatomy lay bare to an inquiring eye, except where a frame of wood laden with oatcakes and clusters of legs of beef, mutton, and ham, concealed it. Above the chimney were sundry villainous old guns, and a couple of horse-pistols: and, by way of ornament, three gaudily-painted canist
11、ers disposed along its ledge. The floor was of smooth, white stone: the chairs, high-backed, primitive structures, painted green: one or two heavy black ones lurking in the shade. In an arch under the dresser reposed a huge, liver-coloured bitch pointer, surrounded by a swarm of squealing puppies: a
12、nd other dogs haunted other recesses. (5)The apartment and furniture would have been nothing extxaordinary as belonging to a homely, northern farmer, with a stubborn countenance, and stalwart limbs set out to advantage in knee-breeches and gaiters(绑腿 ). Such an individual seated in his arm-chair, hi
13、s mug of ale(麦芽啤酒 )frothing on the round table before him, is to be seen in any circuit of five or six miles among these hills, if you go at the right time after dinner. But Mr. Heathcliff forms a singular contrast to his abode and style of living. He is a dark-skinned gipsy in aspect, in dress and
14、manners a gentleman: that is, as much a gentleman as many a country squire: rather slovenly, perhaps, yet not looking amiss with his negligence, because he has an erect and handsome figure: and rather morose. Possibly, some people might suspect him of a degree of under-bred pride: I have a sympathet
15、ic chord within that tells me it is nothing of the sort: I know, by instinct, his reserve springs from an aversion to showy displays of feeling to manifestations of mutual kindliness. Hell love and hate equally under cover, and esteem it a species of impertinence to be loved or hated again. No, Im r
16、unning on too fast: I bestow my own attributes over-liberally on him. Mr. Heathcliff may have entirely dissimilar reasons for keeping his hand out of the way when he meets a would-be acquaintance, to those which actuate me. Let me hope my constitution is almost peculiar: my dear mother used to say I
17、 should never have a comfortable home: and only last summer I proved myself perfectly unworthy of one. (6)While enjoying a month of fine weather at the sea-coast, I was thrown into the company of a most fascinating creature: a real goddess in my eyes, as long as she took no notice of me. I never tol
18、d my love vocally: still, if looks have language, the merest idiot might have guessed / was over head and ears: she understood me at last, and looked a return the sweetest of all imaginable looks. And what did I do? I confess it with shame shrunk icily into myself, like a snail: at every glance reti
19、red colder and farther: till finally the poor innocent was led to doubt her own senses, and, overwhelmed with confusion at her supposed mistake, persuaded her mamma to decamp. By this curious turn of disposition I have gained the reputation of deliberate heartlessness: how undeserved, I alone can ap
20、preciate. (7)I took a seat at the end of the hearthstone opposite that towards which my landlord advanced, and filled up an interval of silence by attempting to caress the canine mother, who had left her nursery, and was sneaking wolfishly to the back of my legs, her lip curled up, and her white tee
21、th watering for a snatch. My caress provoked a long, guttural gnarl. 1 The phrase “as if craving alms of the sun“ in Para. 2 is used as a(n)_. （ A） simile （ B） metaphor （ C） analogy （ D） hyperbole 2 What can be inferred from Para. 3 about the author? （ A） He found a date and a name on the door. （ B）
22、 He had planned to express his opinions. （ C） He listened to a brief introduction of the history of the house. （ D） He was welcomed to the house. 3 Which of the following statements about the sitting-room can be inferred from Para. 4? （ A） It is just behind the principal door. （ B） It is like other
23、sitting-rooms. （ C） It is filled with voices and lights. （ D） It is the place to make food. 4 It can be inferred from Para. 7 that the author is a_. （ A） tenant （ B） visitor （ C） dog trainer （ D） land owner 4 (1)After a long day at the office, many of us find ourselves taking out our stress on frien
24、ds, children, or significant others. And if were not careful, we allow our work stress to become home stress, often at the expense of our families and relationships or our health. (2)In the U. K. the Health and Safety Executive found that 43% of days lost to illness were stress-related. Another stud
25、y, by the American Psychological Association(APA), found that the two most common stressors among those surveyed were work and money, and the incidence of stress often results in irritability, anger, nervousness, and anxiousness all behavior that can cause tension when brought home after work. (3)We
26、ve previously written about how couples can help each other cope with professional stress. But even couples who cope well together can become overwhelmed if work stress becomes too prominent an element of their relationship. (4)How can you nunimize the impact that work stress has on your relationshi
27、p with your significant other, family, and friends? Below are five tips for keeping work stress from becoming home stress. (5)Confine your work to particular times and locations. A study by Scott Schieman of the University of Toronto found that 50% of people bring their work home and that incidence
28、of work-life interference are higher among those who “hold professional jobs with more authority, decision-making latitude, pressure, and longer hours. “ In todays ever-connected world, many of us are expected to be on 24/7 and work full-time or part-time from home. When Jackie was a counselor, she
29、often was called to meet clients in moments of crisis at all hours of the day. When John was a management consultant, he often was on his laptop working late into the evenings. But if work is constantly seeping into your home life, the stresses of work will too. (6)So leave your work at the office.
30、Make a rule to work from home only in exceptional circumstances, and keep work folders, computers, and notebooks at your desk. If thats not feasible for your position, designate a few hours each day for home life only an hour during dinner or bedtime with the kids when you can eliminate distractions
31、 and focus on family. If you work at home, dont bring your laptop to bed or use it on your couch. Work in an office or a specified workspace. Doing this will mentally help you shut off work when you leave the room, giving you an incentive to work as efficiently as possible rather than lingering over
32、 tasks. (7)Develop good mobile device habits. Perhaps the most common way in which work distraction seeps into a persons relationships today is through smartphones. Have you ever finally decompressed in an evening only to look at your email, see something alarming, and become stressed? The average p
33、erson now checks their phone 46 times per day, spending nearly five hours per day on mobile devices, leading 30% of users to consider their smartphones a “leash. “ (8)Develop good habits and rules that keep your tablets and phones from tethering you to work. Keep two separate mobile phones one for w
34、ork and one for personal use and leave the work phone in an out-of-the-way place(or turned off)on nights and weekends. And never check your work email in the hour or two prior to bed. Multiple studies have found that staring at a phone before bed can negatively impact your brains ability to prepare
35、for sleep, and sleep deprivation is linked closely to stress. When on vacation, lock work-related mobile devices in the hotel safe and check them only at predetermined times. (9)Establish a good support network. Significant others can be amazing partners in dealing with stress. But to place all your
36、 work stress on a spouse or partner is unfair to them and dangerous to your relationship. Develop a support network of friends and mentors who can help you manage your professional stress so that it isnt the burden solely of your significant other. The APA survey referenced above noted lower stress
37、levels in people with a strong social support network. Having people to lean on in times of stress can increase your ability to cope with problems independent of your network, as being supported increases autonomy and self-esteem. (10)Have an end-of-work habit. Sometimes your brain needs a signal to
38、 prepare you for time at home. Its even better if this signal can help you decompress. For example, John uses his afternoon commute to unwind taking a more scenic route home, listening to music or the news, and giving himself time to switch gears for family life. Others weve spoken to have mentioned
39、 hitting the gym, running, meditating, and other rituals. Think about what helps you unwind, and find space in your schedule for this habitparticularly at the end of a long day at work so that when you return home youre free of the baggage thats built up throughout the day. (11)Create a third space.
40、 When professionals have families, their entire lives can revolve around their responsibilities at work and at home. Busy executives run home to help with kids changing diapers or shuttling preteens to soccer games or to do the little things that keep a home humming, like laundry, yard work, or cook
41、ing. But having a third space outside of work and home can help enormously with stress management. (12)Each partner in a relationship should maintain habits and times that allow them to explore their interests, relax and seek fulfillment, and find space outside of home and work. These spaces are dif
42、ferent for everyone quiet cafes, book clubs, trout streams, karate classes, poker nights but they are important for maintaining our identities and our sense of peace. Make the sacrifice of offering your partner a third space to find themselves, maintain their friendships, and explore their interests
43、, and ask that they do the same for you. Third spaces mean no person runs from responsibility to responsibility without having time to breathe. (13)Work stress can be a challenge for home life. Learning to manage stress by working with your partner to cope and by keeping some of your professional st
44、ress outside the house can contribute to better relationships and better physical and mental health. 5 What does the word “incidence“ in Para. 2 mean? （ A） Abstinence. （ B） Consequence. （ C） Impotence. （ D） Occurrence. 6 To avoid turning work stress into home stress, the author does NOT put forward
45、suggestions about_. （ A） the time of home life （ B） the use of cell phone （ C） the support from online friends （ D） the relaxation after one days work 7 According to Scott Schieman, the following are all factors increasing the possibility of work-life conflict EXCEPT_. （ A） power （ B） ones decision-
46、making ability （ C） stress （ D） work hours 8 What is the benefit of working in a designated area at home? （ A） To have more time to spend with children. （ B） To stop working outside the work area. （ C） To expedite the tasks as far as possible. （ D） To improve the quality of work. 9 Which of the foll
47、owing places can be categorized into a third space? （ A） A classroom where you can learn flower arrangement. （ B） Your backyard where you can take a nap. （ C） A teahouse where you can work as a part-time cashier. （ D） The office water cooler where you can have a gossip. 9 (1)Which would you prefer t
48、o be: a medieval monarch or a modern office-worker? The king has armies of servants. He wears the finest silks and eats the richest foods. But he is also a martyr to toothache. He is prone to fatal infections. It takes him a week by carriage to travel between palaces. And he is tired of listening to
49、 the same jesters(小丑 ). Life as a 21st-century office drone looks more appealing once you think about modern dentistry, antibiotics, air travel, smartphones and YouTube. (2)The question is more than just a parlour game. It shows how tricky it is to compare living standards over time. Yet such comparisons are not just routinely made, but rely heavily on a single metric(衡量标准 ): gross domestic product(GDP). This one number has become shorthand for material well-being, even though it is a deeply flawed gauge of prosperity, and g
