1、专业英语四级模拟试卷 644及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be
2、read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. SECTION A TALK In this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at A
3、NSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 1 The Element of Norms 1. Definition of n
4、orms 【 T1】 _maintained by a society【 T1】 _ 2. Classifications of norms formal written down 【 T2】 _for punishment of violators【 T2】 _ 【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ generally understood 【 T4】 _【 T4】 _ 【 T5】 _: regarded highly necessary to the welfare of a society【 T5】 _ folkways:【 T6】 _【 T6】 _ 3.【 T7】 _【 T7】 _ not f
5、ollowed【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ 【 T9】 _in some instances【 T9】 _ exceptions 【 T10】 _【 T10】 _ 2 【 T1】 3 【 T2】 4 【 T3】 5 【 T4】 6 【 T5】 7 【 T6】 8 【 T7】 9 【 T8】 10 【 T9】 11 【 T10】 SECTION B CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked
6、 about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have thirty seconds to
7、 preview the questions. （ A） He exceeded the speed limit. （ B） He drank the wine before driving. （ C） He didnt yield to children crossing the road. （ D） He parked illegally near the school. （ A） The driver didnt use his turn signals. （ B） The driver didnt come to a complete stop. （ C） The driver fai
8、led to yield to other drivers. （ D） The driver didnt slow down. （ A） The driver plans to report the officer to his superiors. （ B） The driver tells the officer that they have met before. （ C） The driver hints that the officer could let him off. （ D） The driver suggests he knows the officers family.
9、（ A） Modest. （ B） Obedient. （ C） Generous. （ D） Sophistic. （ A） The driver gets a ticket. （ B） The officer arrests the driver. （ C） The driver is taken to court. （ D） The officer takes away the car. （ A） They are the employer and the employee. （ B） They are the manager and the secretary. （ C） They a
10、re the teacher and the student. （ D） They are colleagues. （ A） There is too much noise in the office. （ B） There is too much marking work. （ C） Their office is not big enough. （ D） Their office lacks necessary facilities. （ A） The office is quite noisy. （ B） James is usually not in office. （ C） Some
11、 teachers have asked Taylor to stop having students come to the office. （ D） Laura is not able to do her work in the office because of the noise. （ A） To hand in their assignments. （ B） To get his help with the course. （ C） To help him do office work. （ D） To chat with him socially. （ A） Ask the stu
12、dents not to come. （ B） Report the situation to the head. （ C） Move the supplies to the storage room. （ D） Find a separate room for meetings. 二、 PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C an
13、d D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. 22 _I like economics, I like sociology much better. （ A） As much as （ B） So much （ C） How much （ D） Much as 23 It is futile to discuss the matter further, because_going to agree upon anything today. （ A） neither you nor I ar
14、e （ B） neither you nor me is （ C） neither you nor I am （ D） neither me nor you are 24 They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _is something we had not expected. （ A） which （ B） it （ C） that （ D） what 25 He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He i
15、s not the man_he was twenty years ago. （ A） which （ B） that （ C） who （ D） whom 26 She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _? （ A） hadnt she （ B） hasnt she （ C） wouldnt she （ D） didnt she 27 I parked my bike behind the building, but now its gone. It_. （ A） may be stolen （
16、B） must be stolen （ C） must have been stolen （ D） must have stolen 28 I suppose these apples are for_. （ A） us three （ B） we three （ C） our three （ D） three us 29 _the end of the film, more and more people left the cinema. （ A） To （ B） At （ C） By （ D） Towards 30 She was ordinarily of a peaceful_, bu
17、t this time she felt the blood boil within her. （ A） appetite （ B） disposition （ C） morality （ D） perception 31 The headquarters of this textile company is in London while its 20_companies are located in different parts of the world. （ A） duplicated （ B） subsidiary （ C） inferior （ D） inclusive 32 Ma
18、ny modern language teachers make occasional use of teaching aids such as computers and tape recorders, but only a few use them systematically as an_part of their work. （ A） incredible （ B） individual （ C） integral （ D） associate 33 Living in the countryside has its_as well as advantages. （ A） inferi
19、ority （ B） setbacks （ C） drawbacks （ D） validity 34 The air that holds a maximum amount of water vapor is_, like a sponge unable to hold any more water. （ A） immersed （ B） saturated （ C） quantified （ D） ventilated 35 Electric wires in your house are_with poor conductors like rubber or silk. （ A） seg
20、regated （ B） insulated （ C） isolated （ D） severed 36 The enemy are now in a very difficult situation: they can neither advance nor_. （ A） resign （ B） retreat （ C） retrieve （ D） repel 37 Reading is an active thinking process_the interaction between the reader and the print. （ A） containing （ B） indul
21、ging （ C） involving （ D） resolving 38 In some cases, a sentence may be grammatically acceptable, but_in implication. （ A） ambitious （ B） affirmative （ C） approximate （ D） ambiguous 39 For Europeans, life is a career: for Americans, it is a_of hazards. （ A） success （ B） recession （ C） succession （ D）
22、 procession 40 Reading efficiency means the_of a reading task within an appropriate time frame and with appropriate comprehension. （ A） accomplishment （ B） commitment （ C） contentment （ D） complement 41 In the past, major disasters, such as wars, plagues and earthquakes, could destroy only a _of the
23、 human race and environment. （ A） fraction （ B） fragment （ C） friction （ D） fiction 三、 PART IV CLOZE Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. 41 A. taught B. violent C. vigorous D. tackl
24、ing E. contact F. meeting G. fixed H. on I. held J. to come K. spread L. many M. throughout N. roused O. fixed Unlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to suit a particular purpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was to invent
25、 a【 C1】 _ game that could be played indoors in the winter. In 1891, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying【 C2】 _up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy between the football and basebal
26、l seasons. None of the standard indoor activities【 C3】 _their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school. He first tried to adapt some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too rough. The men were getting bruised from【 C4】 _each other and being hit with equip
27、ment. So, he decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical【 C5】 _. Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it required no equipment, such as a bat or a rack
28、et to hit it. Next he decided【 C6】_an elevated goal, so that scoring would depend on skill and accuracy rather than on strength only. His goals were two peach baskets,【 C7】 _to ten-foot-high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic idea of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith
29、wrote rules for the game,【 C8】 _of which, though with some small changes, are still in effect. Basketball was a(n)immediate success. The students【 C9】 _it to their friends, and the new sport quickly caught on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games【 C10】 _the world. 42 【 C1】 43 【 C2】 44
30、【 C3】 45 【 C4】 46 【 C5】 47 【 C6】 48 【 C7】 49 【 C8】 50 【 C9】 51 【 C10】 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 51 In 1943
31、 Germanys submarines the U-boats were winning the battle of the Atlantic. Suddenly Germanys U-boat losses doubled in one month. In three months nearly 100 U-boats were sunken, mostly by aircraft. What happened? As soon as it became possible to fit radar in the British coastal command aircraft, there
32、 was a change. Radar allowed the planes to search large areas of the sea, to find a submarine even at night and in fog, and to attack before the U-boat could go under the water. The Germans began to lose U-boat to these attacks. They guessed that the aircraft were using radar, and they succeeded in
33、finding out the details of radar. German scientists quickly developed an instrument which picked up the radar signal and gave the U-boat warning. The new instruments allowed the Germans to come to the surface at night and destroy Allied ships. That is when they began to win the Battle of the Atlanti
34、c. Then the British developed a new type of radar set which used a much shorter wavelength. In a few months it was so dangerous for a U-boat to come up that the battle of the Atlantic was almost at an end. That is only one example of the many uses of radar in war. What about its uses in peace? Radar
35、 has made a great difference to the life of a ships officer. The radar screen in the wheelhouse shows him every ship that is near him, every piece of land, every buoy. And he can see them clearly at night or in thick fog. He can measure their distance from his own ship, and he knows the speed of the
36、 other ships and the direction they are traveling in. Radar is a great help to the pilot of an airliner too. Even in thick fog the officers in the control tower at the airport can see his aircraft. They know its exact position height, distance, direction, speed. They can talk down the pilot to the p
37、oint where he can actually see the runway. With even more recent systems, using a combination of radar and other instruments on the aircraft and on the ground, the pilot can now land completely blind in perfect safety. The airport usually has radar of more than one kind. A very narrow, pencil-like b
38、eam is used to discover the exact position of a particular aircraft. The aerial which sends out the signal and receives the reflected signal is pointed straight at the aircraft. A narrow beam of that kind is not suitable for search over a wide area in order to find all aircraft that are near the air
39、port. So a separate rotating aerial is used for that purpose. The original radar combined these two things, as its English name showed: Radio Detection and Ranging. 52 As indicated by its English name Radio Detection and Ranging, Radar means to“_“. （ A） discover the position of an object （ B） send o
40、ut and receive the reflected signal （ C） search over a wide area to find an object （ D） find something and decide its exact distance 53 The best title for the passage can be “_“. （ A） Origin and Function of Radar （ B） Radar in Peace Times （ C） Radar in World War II （ D） Radar Makes a Difference to O
41、ur Life 53 Many of the grand challenges of today and the future are found in the question: “ How are we going to solve the problems and make serious improvements in industrial manufacturing, disease control, environmental pollution control, global climate change, food production, transportation, com
42、munications, and others?“ Nanotechnology(纳米技术 )promises to make revolutionary contributions. Within the next few years we can expect to see major improvements. Here are some possibilities of the things to come. Nanotechnology is fundamentally changing the way materials and devices will be produced i
43、n the future. Nanostructures, ceramics, polymers, metals, and other materials will have greatly improved mechanical properties. In fact, with the ability to build things atom-by-atom and molecule-by-molecule there will be new classes of structural materials. Nanotechnology will enable products to be
44、 lighter, stronger, smarter, cheaper, cleaner, and more precise. The ability to synthesize nanoscale building blocks with precisely controlled size and composition and then to assemble them into larger structures with unique properties and functions will revolutionize segments of the materials manuf
45、acturing industry. Nanotechnology is expected to bring about lighter, stronger, and programmable materials: reductions in life-cycle costs through lower failure rates: innovative devices based on new principles architectures: and use of molecular or cluster manufacturing. Nanotechnology will provide
46、 new tools for medicine. It could radically change the way surgery is done. It will make it possible to do molecular-scale surgery to repair and rearrange cells. Since disease is the result of physical disorder, misarranged molecules and cells, medicine at this level should be able to cure most dise
47、ases. Mutations in DNA could be repaired and cancer cells, toxic chemicals, and viruses could be destroyed through use of medical nanodevices. Nanotechnology-enabled increases in computational power will permit the characterization of macromolecular networks in realistic environments. Such simulatio
48、ns will be essential elements in the development of biocompatible implants and in the drug discovery process. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly impact energy efficiency, storage, and production. Nanotechnology can change the economics of energy production. 54 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） Nanotechnology can greatly improve mechanical properties of materials. （ B） Nanotechnology is making considerable contributions to mankind. （ C） Products are going to be lighter but more costly through nanotechnology. （ D） Nanotechnology is able
