1、专业英语四级模拟试卷 308及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage
2、 will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Directions: In this section you will hear several conver
3、sations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 2 Howard is probably （ A） an orchestra conductor. （ B） a music fan. （ C） a sales manager in a music company. （ D） a background music composer. 3 According to Howard, background music （ A） can possibly give peop
4、le better feelings. （ B） increases production by 4. 5 percent in factories. （ C） is sometimes very boring for workers. （ D） is always faster than any other music. 4 Hamburger shops usually play fast background music because （ A） they think that will make the attendants work faster. （ B） they believe
5、 fast music can make people eat more. （ C） it shortens eating time to allow more customers to come and go. （ D） hamburgers will become more popular. 5 What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? （ A） Husband and wife. （ B） Librarian and reader. （ C） Colleagues. （ D） Shop assistant an
6、d customer. 6 Why does the woman ask the man to relax? （ A） He is going to be arrested. （ B） He is accused of damaging books. （ C） He has lost some valuable books. （ D） He did not return books on time. 7 What is the reason for the mans not giving back the books? （ A） He wanted to keep them for furth
7、er use. （ B） The deadline just slipped his mind. （ C） He forgot to take the case where the books are. （ D） His wife threw the books away with trash. 8 Nancy became a taxi driver because （ A） she owned a car. （ B） she drove well. （ C） she liked drivers uniforms. （ D） it was her dream. 9 According to
8、Nancy, what was the most difficult about becoming a taxi driver? （ A） The right sense of direction. （ B） The sense of judgment. （ C） The skill of driving. （ D） The size of vehicle. 10 What makes a good taxi driver according to Nancy? （ A） Courage. （ B） Knowledge of the streets. （ C） Kindness. （ D） C
9、onstant learning. 11 Nancy thinks vacation is a time （ A） for other people to drive. （ B） for her to drive in other cities. （ C） for her to rest from driving. （ D） for people to drive with relaxation. SECTION B PASSAGES Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passa
10、ges carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 12 In 1847 most countries of the world were （ A） not yet using postage stamps. （ B） collecting valuable stamps. （ C） buying stamps from Mauritius. （ D） printing their own stamps. 13 The mistake on the locally-printed postage stamps was in the
11、（ A） spelling of postage. （ B） use of words. （ C） price. （ D） color. 14 It can be inferred that （ A） all correctly printed stamps are worthless. （ B） Mauritius needed the stamps to send out invitations to a ball. （ C） the printer was punished for his mistake. （ D） collectors are constantly looking f
12、or stamps with mistakes. 15 The purpose of Magellans expedition was （ A） to sail round the world. （ B） to find navigation lane from the Atlantic to the Pacific. （ C） to make a voyage to Asia. （ D） to carry men to Philippines. 16 Which is NOT mentioned in the passage concerning the expedition? （ A） L
13、ack of navigation equipment. （ B） Severe winter in Patagonia. （ C） The death of Magellan. （ D） Dangers from rocks and storms. 17 The best title for this passage is （ A） The Discovery of Magellans Strait. （ B） The Discovery of the Philippines. （ C） The Most Dangerous Expedition in Navigation. （ D） Th
14、e First Expedition to Asia. 18 What can be learned from the passage? （ A） Marriage is a poignant experience for many Americans. （ B） Divorces are due to the highly developed individualism in America. （ C） Marriage means only partnership for many Americans. （ D） Divorces frequently happen to American
15、s. 19 Why do so many women go out for work, according to the passage? （ A） Because they want to develop their self-concept. （ B） Because they are in need of money. （ C） Because they want to get independence. （ D） Because they feel lonely at home. 20 Who will take care of the young children when thei
16、r parents are working, according to the passage? （ A） The workers in community welfare department. （ B） Their older brothers and sisters. （ C） The nursery workers or their relatives or neighbors. （ D） Their fathers or grandparents. 21 What can we learn about the childrens homework from the passage?
17、（ A） It is so difficult for them that they cant finish in a short time. （ B） It is so much that they do not have time to play. （ C） It is so little that they have plenty of time to watch television. （ D） It is so easy for them that they can finish soon. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this s
18、ection, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 22 The multinational commodity trading company admitted that （ A） the dumped chemicals accounted to the residents illness. （ B） the waste dumping caused distress to the local people. （ C） it
19、 should offer more compensation to the victims than it had. （ D） its illegal to dump toxic waste. 23 President Obama has warned Wall Street bankers of （ A） repeating the reckless action that nearly made the U.S. financial system crashed. （ B） breaking the new rules that protect consumers. （ C） ignor
20、ing the regulations of the financial system. （ D） opposing his reform of the global financial system. 24 The proposal is aiming at （ A） selecting voters from the majority. （ B） planning a demonstration for animal rights. （ C） assigning state-funded lawyers to defend animals. （ D） preventing cases of
21、 cruelty from happening. 25 Why do opponents object the proposal? （ A） They are in a large majority. （ B） They doubt the real function of the measure proposed. （ C） There is already such a system across the country. （ D） The proposal goes against the law. 26 _ senators vote for the bill. （ A） 30. （
22、B） 60. （ C） 39 （ D） 21 27 The bill will （ A） provide Americans with universal health-care. （ B） urge all Americans to have insurance. （ C） extend health care to 30 million uninsured Americans. （ D） prevent insurance companies from rejecting to cover the poor. 28 Seven people were arrested because （
23、A） they killed an Irish policeman. （ B） they held a demonstration over an alleged plot. （ C） they attempted to murder a Swedish cartoonist. （ D） they were thought to have stained the Prophet Muhammad. 29 Which of the following is CORRECT according to the news item? （ A） The crime group consists of f
24、our women and three men. （ B） Little information about the suspects has been identified. （ C） There are four teenagers in the crime group. （ D） New details about the investigation will be made public. 30 Nigerias National Security Adviser has been fired because （ A） he and the acting president have
25、different political views. （ B） he has begun an ethnic violence. （ C） he is thought to be responsible for the death of hundreds of people. （ D） he failed to be present at a special security meeting. 31 Who will replace the National Security Adviser? （ A） Goodluck Jonathan. （ B） Abdullahi Muktar Sark
26、i. （ C） A retired police officer. （ D） Aliyu Gusau. 二、 PART III CLOZE (15 MIN) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. 31 Today, the world wide web can be used both to s
27、earch information and to make it【 C1】 _to others. Information【 C2】 _on webpages is viewed by【 C3】_of browser. The sources of information linked in this way can be located on any computer【 C4】 _is also part of the web. Each information source may be linked to an【 C5】 _number of other webpages. Hypert
28、ext and hyperlinks allow users【 C6】 _as receivers of information to【 C7】 _from one source of information to another, deciding for themselves which information they wish to【 C8】_to their browser and which links they want to【 C9】 _. The addresses of【 C10】 _can be found by using the hundreds of search
29、engines which provide【 C11】 _to databases which hold information on them. Once a webpage has been found, hyperlinks may point【 C12】 _other places of interest on the web. Addresses of webpages also appear in other more【 C13】 _media, such as magazines, newspapers and television programs, and on poster
30、s. Webpages, in their【 C14】 _, facilitate access to information made available by other【 C15】_of media, for example, collections held in libraries. Most webpages offer interactive opportunities which go【 C16】 _merely allowing visitors freedom as to when and how they visit a page.【 C17】 _can be kept
31、formal via a questionnaire which can be filled【 C18】 _, or informal by providing an address for email or even by installing a digital guest book for comments left for other users to read.【 C19】 _all webpages are protected so that unauthorized visitors cannot make unsolicited changes to them, it is a
32、lso possible to【 C20】 _access to pages on the Internet to those holding a password. 32 【 C1】 （ A） available （ B） obtainable （ C） achievable （ D） acceptable 33 【 C2】 （ A） displayed （ B） displaying （ C） displayable （ D） is displayed 34 【 C3】 （ A） medium （ B） vehicle （ C） agent （ D） means 35 【 C4】 （ A）
33、 what （ B） that （ C） which （ D） how 36 【 C5】 （ A） specific （ B） indefinite （ C） definite （ D） limited 37 【 C6】 （ A） playing （ B） doing （ C） going （ D） acting 38 【 C7】 （ A） wonder （ B） wander （ C） stray （ D） ramble 39 【 C8】 （ A） translate （ B） transmit （ C） transform （ D） transfer 40 【 C9】 （ A） flip
34、（ B） slip （ C） skip （ D） skim 41 【 C10】 （ A） hyperlinks （ B） information （ C） webpages （ D） databases 42 【 C11】 （ A） success （ B） access （ C） assessment （ D） possession 43 【 C12】 （ A） about （ B） on （ C） to （ D） over 44 【 C13】 （ A） conventional （ B） basic （ C） inherent （ D） conditional 45 【 C14】 （ A）
35、 sequence （ B） order （ C） turn （ D） switch 46 【 C15】 （ A） modes （ B） forums （ C） shapes （ D） forms 47 【 C16】 （ A） beyond （ B） over （ C） against （ D） further 48 【 C17】 （ A） Donation （ B） Outcome （ C） Feedback （ D） Decision 49 【 C18】 （ A） up （ B） out （ C） with （ D） over 50 【 C19】 （ A） As （ B） Although
36、 （ C） If （ D） When 51 【 C20】 （ A） constrain （ B） confine （ C） restrict （ D） limit 三、 PART IV GRAMMAR the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments. Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed
37、that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children
38、 could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous. 82 Piaget and Keasey wouldnt agree on （ A） the excuses children give for harmful acts committed against themselves. （ B） the age at which children can distinguish between accidental and intentional harm. （ C）
39、the reason why young children cant make distinctions involvimg harm. （ D） the idea that children occupy two stages of moral development. 83 Why do five-year-olds react differently to “Bonnie wrecks Anns pretend house“? （ A） Because they occupy the stage of moral autonomy. （ B） Because they can disti
40、nguish between harmful and harmless acts. （ C） Because they are capable of justify an aggressors action. （ D） Because they realize that some of the intentionals are excusable. 84 According to Darley, which of the following abilities can six-year-olds acquire after seven months of kindergarten? （ A）
41、Differentiating between foreseeable and unforeseeable harm. （ B） Identifying with the perpetrator of a harmful action. （ C） Justifying harmful actions that result from provocation. （ D） Evaluating the magnitude of negative consequences resulting from the breaking of rules. 85 Whats the passage mainl
42、y about? （ A） An outline for future research. （ B） An analysis of a dispute between two theorists. （ C） An expanded definition of commonly misunderstood terms. （ D） A discussion of research findings in an ongoing inquiry. 85 A finding in recent years shows that men cannot manufacture blood as effici
43、ently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Because they do not breathe as often as women, men also need more oxygen. But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. They draw more of the air when it is polluted. Mens bones are larger than womens and they are arranged
44、somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. A man has broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which makes him stride out with no waste motion. A womans wider pelvis, designed for childbearing, forces her to put more movement into each step she
45、 takes with the result that she displays a bit of jiggle and sway as she walks. If you think a man is brave because he can climb a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, dont forget it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a womans thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing difficul
46、t for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling. A mans skin is thicker than a womans and not nearly as soft. This prevents the suns radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do. Women have a thin layer of fat just under the ski
47、n and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve. It acts as an invisible fur coat to keep a woman warmer in the winter. Women also stay cooler in summer because the fat layer helps insulate them against heat. Mens fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that layer of it underneath the
48、ir skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. 41 percent of a mans body is muscle compared to thirty-five percent for women, which means that men have more muscle power. When we mention strength, almost 90 percent of a mans weight is strength compared to about 50 p
49、ercent of a womans weight. The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose weight. Muscle burns up five more calories a pound than fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man wants to loss weight, the pounds roll off much faster. For all mens muscularity they do not have the energy reserves women do. They have more start-up energy, but the fat tucked away in womens nooks and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lac
