1、专业英语四级（人物传记类阅读理解）模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 0 One of the most intriguing stories of the Russian Revolution concerns the identity of Anastasia, the youngest daughter of Czar Nicholas II. During his reign over Russia, the Czar had planned to revoke many of the harsh laws established by previous czars. Some workers
2、and peasants, however, clamored for more rapid social reform. In 1918 a group of these people, known as Bolsheviks, overthrew the government. On July 17 or 18, they murdered the Czar and what was thought to be his entire family. Although witnesses vouched that all the members of the Czars family had
3、 been executed, there were rumors suggesting that Anastasia had survived. Over the years, a number of women claimed to be Grand Duchess Anastasia. Perhaps the best known claimant was Anastasia Tschai-kovsky, who was also known as Anna Anderson. In 1920, eighteen months after the Czars execution, thi
4、s terrified young woman was rescued from drowning in a Berlin river. She spent two years in a hospital, where she attempted to reclaim her health and shattered mind. The doctors and nurses thought that she resembled Anastasia and questioned her about her background. She disclaimed any connection wit
5、h the Czars family. Eight years later, though, she claimed that she was Anastasia. She said that she had been rescued by two Russian soldiers after the Czar and the rest of her family had been killed. Two brothers named Tschaikovsky had carried her into Romania. She had married one of the brothers,
6、who had taken her to Berlin and left her there, penniless and without a vocation. Unable to invoke the aid of her mothers family in Germany, she had tried to drown herself. During the next few years, scores of the Czars relatives, ex-servants, and acquaintances interviewed her. Many of these people
7、said that her looks and mannerisms were evocative of the Anastasia that they had known. Her grandmother and other relatives denied that she was the real Anastasia, however. Tired of being accused of fraud, Anastasia immigrated to the United States in 1928 and took the name Anna Anderson. She still w
8、ished to prove that she was Anastasia, though, and returned to Germany in 1933 to bring suit against her mothers family. There she declaimed to the court, asserting that she was indeed Anastasia and deserved her inheritance. In 1957, the court decided that it could neither confirm nor deny Anastasia
9、s identity. Al-though we will probably never know whether this woman was the Grand Duchess Anastasia, her search to establish her identity has been the subject of numerous books, plays, and movies. 1 According to the passage,_. （ A） Anastasia is still alive. （ B） Anastasia is the only child of Czar
10、Nicholas II. （ C） Many have tried to claim the identity of Anastasia. （ D） Anastasia died in an execution. 2 When Anastasia Tschaikovsky was in the hospital,_. （ A） she changed her name. （ B） she claimed that she came from a royal family. （ C） she was weak both physically and mentally. （ D） she did
11、not like the doctors or nurses. 3 Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “invoke“ in Paragraph 4? （ A） call on （ B） cause （ C） look for （ D） speak of 4 According to the Czars relatives, ex-servants, and acquaintances,_. （ A） Anna Anderson is the real Anastasia who survived the execution （ B
12、） Anna Anderson is a liar （ C） Anna Anderson is mad （ D） Anna Anderson reminds them of the Anastasia they know because of similar looks and behavior 5 Whats the authors opinion abut Anna Anderson? （ A） She will some day prove that she is Anastasia. （ B） It is hard either to prove or refute the authe
13、nticity of her story. （ C） No one will believe her story. （ D） Books, plays and movies based on her story will make her famous. 5 Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was bor
14、n in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Janes life would take. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. A
15、s a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya,
16、 she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anth-ropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her as an assistant. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expres
17、sed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. However, Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence
18、in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them
19、while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she
20、felt they each had a unique personality. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Janes research, we now know t
21、hat chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the
22、 longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians. Dr. Jane Goodall is now the worlds most renowned authority on chimpanzees, having studied their behavior for nearly 40 years. She has publish
23、ed many scientific articles, has written two books, and has won numerous awards for her groundbreaking work. 6 What is the authors purpose in writing this article? （ A） To entertain the reader with stories about chimpanzees （ B） To inform the reader of the importance of wildlife conservation （ C） To
24、 warn the reader about the challenges of working in Africa （ D） To describe the work and life of Jane Goodall. 7 Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons Dr. Leakey chose Jane to work with him? （ A） She knew a lot about Africa. （ B） She knew a lot about African wildlife. （ C） She earned the
25、money to travel to Africa on her own. （ D） She was interested in studying animals in the wild. 8 Which of the following is NOT true of chimpanzees? （ A） Chimpanzees are often comfortable with strangers right away. （ B） Chimpanzees eat meat as well as plants and fruit. （ C） Chimpanzees use tools to h
26、elp them get food. （ D） Different chimpanzees have different personalities. 9 What does “authority“ in the last paragraph mean? （ A） An intelligent person （ B） An expert （ C） One who studies animals （ D） A scientist 10 It can be inferred from the passage that Jane is NOT_. （ A） patient （ B） hardwork
27、ing （ C） courageous （ D） conservative 专业英语四级（人物传记类阅读理解）模拟试卷 1答案与解析 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。选项中出现的 Anastasia是全文的关键词，在类似的人物传记篇章中会多次出现，所以一般无法起到定位作用，只能采用排除法。文中提到沙皇一家被执行死刑的时间是 1918年，距今已有将近一个世纪，所以真正的Anastasia可能早已不在人世，而且文中对此没有直接陈述，所以排除 A选项。文中第一段就写到 Anastasia是沙皇家中最小的女儿，所以她不是惟一的孩子，排除选项 B。如果 Anastasia死于 1918年的行
28、刑中，就不会有后面真假公主之争，所以排除选项 D。通读全文也可以进一步确定 C是正确选项，全篇主要围绕 Anna是否是沙皇最小的女儿这一问题展开。 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。 “Anastasia Tschaikovsky”和 “hospital”是定位关键，信息主要出现在第三段。其中 “where she attempted to reclaim her health and shattered mind”一句说明当时她的生理和心理状况都不佳。后文提到她改过两次名，是在进入医院之前和移民美国之后，所以选项 A不正确。第三段最后一句 “She disclaimed any c
29、onnection with the Czars family ”，提到她当时否认和沙皇家族存在任何亲属关系，所以选项 B也不正确。她对医生和护士的感觉在文中没有提及，故不选 D。 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 词汇题。代入选项后，从语义判断选项 B、 C、 D都与原文意思不符。 4 【正确答案】 D 【试 题解析】 细节题。 “Czars relatives， ex-servants， and acquaintances”是定位关键词，信息出现在第五段， “Many of these people said that her looks and mannerisms were evoc
30、ative of the Anastasia that they had known Her grandmother and other relatives denied that she was the real Anastasia，however ”可以看出，大多数人都觉得她在行为举止和容貌上与 Anastasia公主很像，但是她的祖母和亲戚认为她不是 Anastasia。 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 主旨题。作者写此文的目的在文末由 “Although we will probably never know ”一句点出，既无人能知晓到底自称是 Anastasia的人是否就是逃过死
31、刑一劫的沙皇的小女儿，但是她的故事已经成为很多小说、戏剧和电影的素材。选项 A和 C都过于绝对，而选项 D则曲解了作者的意思，文中并未直接对此观 点做出描述，所以 B是正确选项。 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 主旨题。从选项中给出的动词就可略作判断，全文目的并非要通过讲猩猩的故事来娱乐读者或是警告读者在非洲工作的危险，所以可以很快排除选项 A和 C。选项 B是说文章希望告知读者保护野生动物的重要性，这在文中并未出现，所以也不对。全文多次出现 Jane Goodall的名字，而且以她的生平作为时间线索串联所有内容，可见主旨是描述她一生的工作和生活。 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节
32、题。 “Dr. Leakey”是定位关键词，信息 来自第三段。从 “He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife”一句可以看出选项 A和 B都是文中直接提到的，不选。后面一句 “She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild”说明她对于在野外直接观察和研究野生动物群体很感兴趣，所以 Dr. Louis Leakey才认为她是最佳人选。而选项C所提到的内容出现 在上一段中是遇到 Dr.
33、Louis Leakey之前发生的事情。 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。 “chimpanzees”是定位关键词，这里主要是总结了 Jane Goodall的研究结论。文中有提到猩猩荤素都吃，会使它用工具，而且在 Goodall的日记中，给每个猩猩都取了名字，因为它们都有各自的特性。只有选项 A与文中给出的信息相反。第五段开头的几句话 “At first， she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance， using binoculars As time passed， she was able t
34、o move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage Eventually， she was able to sit among them， touching， patting，and even feeding them ”说明猩猩群体并不是一开始就习惯和接受 Goodall的近距离观察的，所以选 A。 9 【正确答 案】 B 【试题解析】 词汇题。代入题目判断，排除选项 A。此外，根据全文的描述，选项 c和 D都过于笼统，不能体现出 Jane Goodall的独特之处。 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。采用排除法，在文中一一对应 Jane的特点，从她观察猩猩的方式来看她是非常有耐心的，花费了很长时间赢得猩猩群体的信任，进而被接受，长期在野外工作，研究猩猩群体，也显示她是非常敬业和努力的。同样年纪轻轻就孤身一人远赴肯尼亚进行田野调查，也说明她是很勇敢的。所以只有保守的特点没有在文中的任何细节描写中表 现出来，所以选 D。
