1、专业英语四级（作文）模拟试卷 122及答案与解析 一、 PART VI WRITING 1 Should scientific researches be carried out and controlled by the government instead of private companies? This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read carefully the opinions from
2、both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and then give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instr
3、uctions may result in a loss of marks. YES It is more pragmatic for the government to take up the role of controller, set up rules and regulations and periodically examine and verify the research findings to make sure it is going in the right way. The government is accountable for the whole nation a
4、nd its people, thus it is more aware of the public need. It has greater powers and more resources to implement scientific researches, and make sure that the benefits are maximized. When research funds come from organizations that expect to profit from a favorable outcome, then there is a strong pote
5、ntial for biased results. However, if they are controlled and funded by the government, such conflicts of interest are less likely to occur. NO In a bid for carrying out a project, private companies stand out with their greater flexibility. For instance, private contractors can sign with any expert
6、in the field to make an effective team. More importantly, it definitely saves time and resources for private companies to initiate a project, since there would be less complicated procedures related to the government. It does not seem necessary for officials to “ know“ what the scientists are doing.
7、 Otherwise, it would not be “ research“ in the real sense of the word. 2 Can people study or work online at home without going to school or workplace? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and
8、 write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result
9、in a loss of marks. YES People who work or study at home enjoy a flexible schedule. Some people may prefer to work in the morning and some may find it more efficient to work at night. Working at home enables people to perform their jobs at ease, and thus gives employers more options when recruiting
10、people. Another benefit of working at home is the boost of staffs motivation. By working at home, employees can manage their time on their own and strike a balance between work and rest. Equally important is that, without the presence of their supervisors, employees will feel less stressful and more
11、 comfortable. These two factors both play a part in boosting their productivity and job satisfaction. NO A distinct limitation of such practice is reflected in low efficiency. In other words, working at home will hamper the quality of peoples work. Without supervision, people may face self-control p
12、roblems. Temptations from the virtual network may distract peoples attention from work or study and even obstruct their social life and living orders, which might eventually inflict a fatal blow on our countrys economy. A challenge that employers have to face is the difficulty in managing and monito
13、ring employees performance. Whether employees will meet a deadline when working at home as they do in the workplace remains unclear. 3 Should secondary schools aim to provide liberal education? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read
14、 carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure t
15、o follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. YES If students have access to more courses, they are likely to have more opportunities to choose the subject they prefer. In this way, students can learn with more enthusiasm and passion and will feel less bored with their classes. The
16、more diverse subject system can also cultivate more well-rounded students. Mathematics and physics are helpful to students logic and abstract thinking; some humanity subjects such as literature and aesthetics can enhance students capabilities of appreciation and judgment. Engaging into a broad range
17、 of curricula allows students to understand the world and the society from various perspectives. NO Allowing students to select a small number of subjects also gives them the opportunity to be only immersed in their favorite classes or what they are good at instead of those they have no clue at all.
18、 Teenagers focusing on a few subjects tend to be able to perform better because they can concentrate their limited time and energy on a narrow range of school work. The increased efficiency and academic results in turn enhance their confidence in their academic ability and sense of achievement. Stud
19、ents who concentrate on limited subjects are more likely to become specialists in certain fields. 4 Should we sustain the extensive use of English as a global language? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read carefully the opinions f
20、rom both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instru
21、ctions may result in a loss of marks. YES English as a global lingua franca facilitates cross-cultural communication. Today, eight in every ten international conferences designate English as their chief working language and ninety-eight percent of leading scientific journals in the world are publish
22、ed in English or at least have an English version. The extensive use of English as a common language has a unifying effect on people who have different mother tongue. Language barriers naturally engender alienation while a shared language arouses a sense of belonging and sympathy. The expansion of E
23、nglish also enables people whose mother tongue is not English to appreciate the cultures of English-speaking countries more efficiently and more fully. As is known to us all, many cultures of English-speaking countries are among the richest and the most dynamic cultures in the world. NO The extensiv
24、e use of English renders a host of indigenous languages obsolete. According to a study conducted by UNESCO, over 200 ethnic languages went extinct in 2004, primarily due to the linguistic assimilation of ethnic minorities into the English language. These languages have crystallized and conveyed uniq
25、ue indigenous traditions, rites, rituals, and their extinction is an anthropological disaster. The encroachment of English erodes the cultural identity of other races. The prevalence of English has a chilling effect on the purity of other languages and can aggravate the sense of cultural inferiority
26、 among the non-native speakers of English. 5 Is financial aid the most effective way to assist poor countries to ensure their healthy and sustainable development? This has been intensely discussed for years. The following are the supporters and opponents opinions. Read carefully the opinions from bo
27、th sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions
28、 may result in a loss of marks. YES Financial beneficence from the developed countries could help poor countries acceleratedly construct infrastructure and build more houses. When some rich countries donate large sums of money to those needy countries, more job opportunities could be created and thu
29、s living standards of people in those countries could be enhanced. In 1999, only 50 percent of Tanzanias children went to primary school. Now the figure is over 90 percent. There are similar stories in Uganda, Ethiopia, Mozambique, and other African countries. How did this happen? Because the electe
30、d government of Tanzania chose to expand educational opportunities by using the donation from developed countries. NO Financial aid might make needy countries become over-dependent on the donors because money can only solve temporary problems. International aid might bring about political interferen
31、ce and economic exploitation. If poor countries want to become richer with the help of rich countries, a condition they must accept is to buy goods from the donors. As a matter of fact, the countries that benefit the most are not the poor countries but the rich ones. Concerns about the weaknesses of
32、 poor countries government systems for budgeting and accounting have led some donors to resist providing aid to them. 专业英语四级（作文）模拟试卷 122答案与解析 一、 PART VI WRITING 1 【正确答案】 Should the Government Be the Implementer and Controller of Scientific Researches? An important scientific research usually has ext
33、remely profound political and economic significance to a nation. Therefore, whether the government should conduct and control it has become a controversial issue. Some people are in support of the leading role of the government in scientific researches for its impartiality, while others insist that
34、private firms are much better for the job due to its flexibility. As for me, I believe both the government and private sectors should seperately play a role in scientific researches. For one thing, scientific researches should be managed by the government because they need not only a deep-pocketed h
35、inder to offer support in terms of capital and laboratory facilities but also a supervisor to remind the researchers to follow ethical norms. For another, the research projects should be carried out by private companies for their profit-driven innovative ability and motivation, both of which are key
36、 factors in scientific researches. On balance, the cooperation between the government and private firms can make truly outstanding progress in science researches. Meanwhile, it must be made sure that the regulations of the government wont hamper the researches and the for-profit nature of private co
37、mpanies wont go the wrong way. 【试题解析】 本题讨论科学研究的开展和管理是否应该归政府负责。在具体行文时，考生首先要总结材料，概述正反双方的观点。然后给出自己的观点：政府和私企在科学研究的开展和管理中应各司其职。最后总结全文。 【知识模块】 作文 2 【正确答案】 Can People Study or Work Online Without Going to School or Workplace? Due to the wide use of the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller, a
38、nd we can accomplish a tremendous amount of work as well as study a variety of subjects without leaving home, which not only saves our time but also makes us feel at ease. However, the opponents claim that it may result in inefficiency of work and disruption of daily routine. Personally speaking, it
39、s not a “one size fits all“ way of working or studying despite the convenience and comfort brought by the Internet. On the one hand, since the Internet is still novel and surfing online can be very fun, those using it at home for work often cannot tell the difference between work and private life. A
40、nd the absence of supervision makes it more difficult for people to concentrate on their study or work. On the other hand, human beings are social beings and have to live in the society, so its not good for people to work or study at home all day. They need to go out to have face-to-face conversatio
41、ns and interactions with others. To sum up, the adoption of the Internet is impacting the traditional ways of working and studying, and people need to contemplate their choices before deciding which way is more suitable for them. 【试题解析】 本题讨论人们是否应该依靠网络在家完成学业或工作，而不用去学校或工作的地方。在具体行文方面，考生首先要总结材料，概述正反双方的观
42、点。然后给出自己的观点：尽管网络给人们带来了方便和舒适，但这并非适用于所有人的工作或学习。最后总结全文。 【知识模块】 作文 3 【正确答案】 Should Secondary Schools Aim to Provide Liberal Education ? There has been a debate about the range of subjects students are encouraged to learn in secondary schools. Some people advocating liberal education hold the view that t
43、he diverse subject system can give students more chances to choose their favorite subjects, cultivate more versatile students and make students understand the world better. However, those proposing specialized education believe that focusing on limited subjects allows students to focus on what they
44、like, and therefore they are more likely to perform better and get greater achievement. From my point of view, adolescents should be exposed to various disciplines. On the one hand, the diverse areas of knowledge can arouse students curiosity about the world and help them understand the world system
45、atically because there are direct or indirect interrelations among various subjects. On the other hand, teenagers are too young to decide their future career. Therefore, liberal education provided by secondary schools can help students identify their tendency in academic and career terms. In a word,
46、 specialized education does have some good influence on those students who have talents in one field. Nevertheless, we cant say it is the best education method since most average students can benefit a lot from liberal education. 【试题解 析】 本题讨论中学是否应该提供通识教育，为学生提供更多课程种类。在具体行文方面，考生首先要总结材料，概述正反双方的观点。然后给出自
47、己的观点：中学应该提供通识教育，学生应该接触更多不同的学科，并给出理由。最后总结全文。 【知识模块】 作文 4 【正确答案】 The Extensive Use of English As the most influential language in the world, English has firmly established its dominant place in fields of economy, science, culture and politics. Those who advocate the extensive use of English believe th
48、at it can make cross-cultural communication easier by erasing the language barrier. Nevertheless, there is no denying that the rise of English as a global language is among the leading causes of the disappearance of many other smaller languages. Im of the opinion that English can go ahead with its r
49、ole as the global language. In the beginning, English has gradually become the language of international technology, especially the information technology, for the majority of Internet websites are in English. Furthermore, like it or not, English has been an international language. It is widely adopted in academic circles as well as international conferences. In addition, language dominance is inextricably linked with technological, economic and cultural power. With a strong power-base, English can maintain its status as an international medi
