1、专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 116及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage wi
2、ll be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷 116答案与 解析 一、 PART I DICTATION Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage
3、will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done a
4、t normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. 1 【正确答案】 National Savings and Investments in the UK National Savings and Investments was set up in 1861 as the Post Office Savings Bank. / The bank was backed by the government. / And the money paid in by the public / provided a f
5、und for the then chancellor to borrow to put towards public spending. / During the First World War / the scheme was expended to pull in more funds to finance the war effort, / and savings certificates were introduced. / In 1969, the Post Office Savings Bank became a separate government department. /
6、 Its name was changed to National Savings at the same year. / The word “investments“ was not added to the title until 2002. / Although its name has changed the organisation is still backed by the government. / This makes it the most secure place for people to keep their savings. / The bank has two r
7、oles: / to raise cost-effective financing for the government / and to reduce the cost of government borrowing to the taxpayer. / 【试题解析】 英国国家储蓄和投资银行 国家储蓄和投资银行于 1861年以邮政储蓄银行之名建立起来。该银行由政府支持，公众存人的款项为当时的财政大臣在公共开支方面提供了借贷资 金。一战期间，政府用这个方案吸纳更多的资金以支持战争，并首次引入了储蓄单。 1969年，邮政储蓄银行成为一个独立的政府部门，同年改名为国家储蓄银行。 “投资 ”一词直到
8、 2002年才加到该名称里去。 【知识模块】 听写 2 【正确答案】 Culture The cultural values of a community give it an identity of its own. / A community gains a character and a personality of its own, / because of the culture of its people. / Culture is shared by the members of a community. / It is learned and passed from the o
9、lder generations to the newer ones. / For an effective transfer of culture from one generation to another, / it has to be translated into symbols. / Language, art and religion serve as the symbolic means / of transfer of cultural values between generations. / Culture is a bond that ties the people o
10、f a region or community together. / It is that one common bond, / which brings the people of a community together. / The customs and traditions that the people of a community follow, / the festivals they celebrate, the kind of clothing they wear, the food they eat, / and most importantly, the cultur
11、al values they adhere to, bind them together. / 【试题解析】 文化 一个社区的文化价值观赋予该社区一种自身独有的特性。社区人群的文化使得该社区形成了自己的个性。文化是一种纽带，它将一个地区或社区内的人们联系在一起。就是这样一种共同的纽带让社区内的人们聚在一起。他们遵循的习俗和传统、他们庆祝的节日、他们穿着的服饰类型、他们所吃的食物，还有最重要的是，他们坚持的文化价值观，都将他们紧紧地捆绑在一起。 【知识模块】 听写 3 【正确答案】 Street Art Street art can be found on buildings, sidewalk
12、s, street signs / and even dustbins from Tokyo to New York City. / This special kind of art can take the form of / paintings, sculptures, cloth or even stickers. / It has become part of a global visual culture. / Although it is not easy to provide an exact history of the street art movement, / many
13、experts say the movement began in New York City in the 1960s. / Young adults would use paint to spray their tag / on walls and train cars around the city. / Street artists have different reasons for choosing this kind of act. / Some artists dont like the profit-making business of galleries and museu
14、ms. / Other artists express their political beliefs with their art. / Some see street art as protesting the culture of big business and corporations. / Still other artists like the excitement of working in the streets / and trying not to get caught. / 【试题解析】 街头艺术 从东京到纽约，你在建筑物、人行道和路标甚至垃圾桶上都可以发现街头艺术的影
15、子。这种特别的艺术可以采取绘画、雕塑、布艺甚至是贴纸的形式来表现。它已成为全球视觉文化的一部分。尽管要提供街头文化运动的确切历史并不容易，许多专家都表示该运动始于 20世纪 60年代的纽约市。那时年轻人常会用颜料在这个城市的墙上和列车车厢上喷绘他们的标记符号。 【知识模块】 听写 4 【正确答案】 Vegetarians in the US Americans define a vegetarian diet in several ways. / Some vegetarians do not eat any meat products or any food made from animal
16、 labor, / including milk products, eggs and honey. / But most vegetarians include dairy products in their diet / and many vegetarians eat eggs. / Some people consider themselves partial vegetarians, / because they do not eat meat or farm birds, but they do eat fish. / There are many reasons people c
17、hoose to be vegetarian. / Some religions observe vegetarianism as part of an effort of nonviolence towards animals. / Many other people have non-religious moral reasons for not eating meat. / They believe that killing farm animals for food is immoral and cruel. / Other vegetarians believe it is more
18、 healthful to eat a plant-based diet. / And some vegetarians reject eating meat for environmental reasons. / Some studies show that the industry of raising large farm animals / leads to water and air pollution, land damage and climate change. / 【试题解析】 美国的素食主义者 美国人对素食有好几种不同的界定。某些素食者不吃任何肉制品或任何来自动物劳力 的
19、食品，如奶制品、鸡蛋和蜂蜜等。但是，大部分素食者会食用奶制品，许多素食者也吃鸡蛋。成为素食者的原因有很多。一些宗教把素食主义看作是善待动物的表现。其他人是出于非宗教的道德原因而主张素食主义的。 【知识模块】 听写 5 【正确答案】 Biking to Work More Americans than ever are riding their bicycles to work instead of driving. / They are doing this because of gas prices, / a slowing economy and concerns about the en
20、vironment. / Riding a bicycle to work does not burn fossil fuel / or create dangerous pollutants. / Experts say the effects are the most important on short trips. / The Department of Transportation says fifty percent of Americans drive eight kilometers or fewer to work. / Shorter car trips release m
21、ore pollution into the air for each kilometer driven. / This is because the device in a car engine that reduces the harm-fulness of emissions / needs to warm up before it can work well. / Members of Congress have supported bicycling as environmentally friendly transportation. / Cities, counties, sta
22、te governments and state highway transportation agencies / are planning the roadways of the future. / They are creating roads and paths / for bicycles in cities and between communities. / 【试题解析】 骑自行车上班 在美国，骑自行车而非开车上班的人比以往要多。他们选择自行车是因为油价上涨、经济放缓以及对环境问题的担忧。骑自行车上班不需要燃烧化石燃料，也不会产生有害的污染物。国会成员也支持自行车这一环保的交通工具。各级政府和交通部正规划未来的道路，他们正在设计城市社区之间的自行车专用道。 【知识模块 】 听写
