1、专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 170及答案与解析 SECTION A In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 0 Marking the fifth World Intellectual Property Day on
2、April 26, the Director General of the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO), Dr. Kamil Idris, urged better understanding of the link between human creativity and intellectual property in daily life. The Director General released the following statement on the occasion of World Intellectual
3、Property Day. World Intellectual Property Day is an occasion to reflect on how human creativity and innovation help provide a better world for everyone. Our message this year, Think, Imagine, Create, is directed particularly towards young people. Mankinds capacity to create and to innovate is limitl
4、ess. It is a fundamental, human resource with endless potential. Nowhere is this more apparent than in young people. No matter what country or community they are born into, the young share certain striking characteristics: Their curiosity about whatever is new, different, or novel. Their unfettered
5、imagination. Their readiness to play and experiment with everyday objects, with ideas, with technology. Their talent for finding unconventional solutions. Our goal for World Intellectual Property Day and beyond should be to encourage young people everywhere to recognize the creator, the problem-solv
6、er, the artist within themselves. For innovation and creativity are the natural resources on which future prosperity depends. From the classrooms of today will come the entrepreneurs, the scientists, the designers, the artists of tomorrow. WIPO is committed to promoting a culture in which young peop
7、le can realize this potential. Through well-balanced IP systems and structures, WIPO seeks to help creators across the globe to generate economic value from their creations, and so to contribute to the social, cultural and economic advancement of their own societies and of the wider world. Think, im
8、agine, create. These are words to inspire young people to follow their dreams to the fullest. In 2000, WIPO member states decided to designate a World Intellectual Property Day to raise awareness of the role of intellectual property in our daily life, and to celebrate the contribution made by innova
9、tors and artists to the development of societies across the globe. They chose April 26 as this was the date on which the Convention establishing WIPO originally entered into force in 1970. WIPO and its member states have celebrated World Intellectual Property Day on April 26 each year since its ince
10、ption in 2001. The purpose of this years World Intellectual Property Day is to encourage young people to recognize their own ability to create; to increase understanding of how protecting IP rights helps to foster creativity and innovation; and to raise awareness of the importance in daily life of p
11、atents, copyright, trademarks and designs. WIPO has also organized an exhibition on intellectual property and sports. The exhibition entitled “Striving for Excellence: an exhibition on intellectual property and sport“ will open at WIPOs Information Center in Geneva on World Intellectual Property Day
12、. The exhibition offers a glimpse of the technological advances that have enhanced sport both on and off the track: by enhancing the performance and natural ability of athletes and in creating opportunities for us all to share in the spectacle, capture the images and savor the glory and wonder that
13、comes when ordinary people achieve extraordinary feats. The exhibition is open to the public and will run through August 2005. 1 What is the style of the passage? （ A） Illuminative, local and humorous. （ B） Idyllic, beautiful and fluent. （ C） Strong, pervasive and convincing. （ D） Simple, plain and
14、illustrative. 2 Which of the following statements is NOT among the purposes of this years World Intellectual Property Day? （ A） To spread the knowledge of the IP rights. （ B） To increase the understanding of how protecting IP rights helps to foster creativity and innovation. （ C） To encourage young
15、people to recognize their own ability to create. （ D） To raise awareness of the importance of patents, copyright, trademarks and designs. 3 All of the following statements are correct EXCEPT that_. （ A） the statement is given by the Director General of the WIPO （ B） World Intellectual Property Day i
16、s held on April 26 every year since 1970 （ C） WIPO is committed to promoting a culture in which young people can realize their intellectual potential （ D） the message this year, Think, Imagine, Create, is directed particularly towards young people 3 Three years ago Elon College, a school of more tha
17、n 4, 000 students with a rising academic reputation, decided it was no longer good marketing to be known as Fighting Christians and changed its mascot to the Phoenix, emblematic of its rebirth after a major fire in the 1920s. Some alumni resisted, but the change produced nothing like the soul-search
18、ing the school went through when, five months later, it joined a major movement in U. S. higher e-ducation by dropping the word “college“ and renaming itself Elon University.1 In the past 10 years, according to Higher Education Publications Inc. in Arlington, 161 other US colleges have done the same
19、 thing, for reasons that often have as much to do with image as academics. To make the situation more confusing, many of the new universities still advertise their collegelike atmosphere, while some institutions that call themselves colleges still tell potential applicants that they are just like un
20、iversities. Guess which image is more appealing to 21st-century teenagers and their tuition-paying parents? George Dehne & Associates, a consulting firm, found that two-thirds of prospective students said they planned to enroll in a public or private university, not college. Dehne found that univers
21、ities were more highly regarded than colleges by employers and graduate schools and more likely to be credited with having better students, a better social life, greater diversity of students, greater prestige and stronger science programs. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching in
22、Menlo Park, Calif. , classifies institutions based on the number and range of their academic program. “But the use of college, university or anything else in the name has nothing to do with it, “ said Alexander C. McCormick, senior scholar at the foundation. A few states regulate name changes of eve
23、n private schools. In Oregon, a school that calls itself a university without authorization can be charged with “unlawful trade practices“. But in most cases, colleges can rename themselves if they choose, and very few of the bigger ones have resisted the temptation. Among the 228 universities ranke
24、d by U. S. News & World Report in its “Americas Best Colleges“ guide, only three of themBoston College(12, 375 students), the College of William and Mary(7, 500 students)and Dartmouth College(5, 000 students) insist on keeping the more intimate title. The colleges that have made the switch call the
25、renaming a reasoned response to the demands of students, faculty and modern preferences. Longwood College in Farmville, Va. , for instance, became a university in July because of the growth of its graduate programs and its effort to attain Division I athletic status among other factors. Leo Lambert,
26、 the President of Elon University, said his schools name change has worked out fine. Hes not sure theres any connection, but applications have increased 30 percent since the switch, and campus visits are up 67 percent. Lambert says hes also seen signs of the power of the word “ university“. For inst
27、ance, when he and his daughter Callie were visiting colleges last summer, they attended an information session at William and Mary. Although William and Mary officials said much about the virtues of intimacy, Lambert recalled, they also “took pains to make the point that they were really a universit
28、y law school, graduate programs, etc. that chose to call itself a college.“ 4 What is the controversy revealed in the passage? （ A） Some colleges change into university, and the opposite is also true. （ B） Some universities advertise their collegelike atmosphere, while some colleges tell potential a
29、pplicants that they are just like universities. （ C） Some colleges change into university, and some universities into institute. （ D） Some private colleges change into universities and schools at the same time. 5 Which of the following is INCORRECT according to the passage? （ A） Renaming is a major
30、movement in U. S. higher education. （ B） The reasons of renaming are closely related to the image as academics. （ C） Only Dartmouth College has resisted the temptation of renaming. （ D） It is found that two-thirds of the prospective students planned to enroll in a public or private university. 6 Wha
31、t can we infer from the passage? （ A） The main purpose for the schools name change is to attract more applications. （ B） The schools name change has no much effect on the number of applications. （ C） The schools name change has damaged their academic image. （ D） The schools name change has improved
32、their academic image and been more attractive to students. 6 Sunspots act like planet-sized hurricanes that suck in as much material as they spew out, temporarily overriding the laws of magnetic fields, scientists said on Tuesday. A team of researchers from NASA and Stanford University said by peeri
33、ng into the Sun for the first time, they discovered how the magnetic fields, which make up the cool dark sunspots on the surface, clump together instead of dispersing. Scientists had previously observed gases pouring out of the sunspots, and thought this was the product of the various magnetic field
34、s repelling each other, in the same way magnets repel each other when brought together. But the researchers said the out-flowing matter is just a surface feature that occurs while the sunspot sucks in new material to hold itself together. “If you look a bit deeper, you find material rushing inward,
35、like a planet-sized whirlpool or hurricane. This inflow pulls the magnetic fields(back)together, “ said Junwei Zhao, one of the Stanford researchers. The pressure in this sunspot hurricane is about 10 times higher than a tropical hurricane on Earth, scientists said. “Without this flow, a sunspot wou
36、ld not last a day. With it, it lasts for weeks. In the end, the sunspot does get torn apart but we still dont know how yet, “ Stanford colleague Philip Scherrer, said at a news conference. To get this deeper knowledge the team used sound wave technology, which they likened to the ultrasound doctors
37、use to capture images of unborn babies. The research showed the magnetic field below a sunspot would cut off the spots supply of energy from the Suns hot core, turning it into a plug. Any matter above the plug would then cool and become denser, until gravity dragged it and any surrounding gases into
38、 the center of the spot at 3, 000 miles per hour. “As long as the magnetic field remains strong, the coding effect will maintain an inflow that makes the structure stable. thereby setting up a self-perpetuating cycle, “ the team said in its report. British scientist Douglas Gough from Cambridge Univ
39、ersity, described the groups findings as the solution to a 400-year-old riddle. Understanding the sunspot component would help scientists gain a global knowledge of the Sun, he said. “Take a TV set. It is not simply the sum of its components. And trying to understand the whole requires a greater glo
40、bal knowledge, but you cant build a TV set unless you know how the components work. Its the same with the Sun and its components, “ Gough said. The findings are the latest in a long line of sunspot research, which stems back to the early 17th century, when Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei used sun
41、spots to calculate the speed of the Suns rotation. His hand-drawn renditions of sunspot locations contrasted sharply with the computer-generated multicolored models of sunspots on display at NASAs Washington headquarters. “Imagine yourself flying over a lake, you can see the surface but you dont kno
42、w how deep it is, how the temperature varies with depth. It was the same with sunspots until now, “ NASAs George Withbroe said. 7 The sunspot hurricane is about_times higher than a tropical hurricane on Earth. （ A） 10 （ B） 10 billion （ C） 10 thousand （ D） 100 8 Which of the following is INCORRECT ac
43、cording to the passage? （ A） Sunspots act like planet-sized hurricanes. （ B） Sunspots only suck in materials. （ C） Sunspots both suck in materials and spew out. （ D） Sunspots hurricane lasts for weeks. 8 A new generation of mind-enhancing drugs that act as “cosmetics“ for the brain could become as c
44、ommon as a cup of coffee, according to an official investigation by leading scientists. Powerful stimulants that improve memory, intellectual agility or other aspects of mental performance will almost certainly be developed over the next 20 years. They will have few side-effects, little or no addict
45、ive properties and could be used for non-medical purposes such as boosting exam performance, making better business decisions or even eliminating bad memories, the scientists said. The first of these “cognition enhancers“ is already being developed from research into existing drugs designed to treat
46、 medical problems. “ In a world that is increasingly non-stop and competitive, the individuals use of such substances may move from the fringe to the norm, with cognition enhancers used as coffee is today, “ says the Foresight report of the governments Office of Science and Technology. “Cognition en
47、hancers are likely to be deve-loped to treat people who need to improve attention, memory or wakefulness and to help people to forget, sleep more efficiently and be less impulsive, “ the report says. Drugs that help people to forget disturbing experiences raise the prospect of a future portrayed in
48、films such as Total Recall or Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, where characters are able to forget painful relationships, the scientists said. But the possibility raises disturbing practical, ethical and social issues. “It is possible that such an advance could usher in a new era of drug use w
49、ithout addiction , “ says the report. Professor Trevor Robbins of Cambridge University, one of the lead authors of the Foresight report, said yesterday that two drugs available on prescription were known to have mind-enhancing properties when taken by healthy people. Ritalin, which is given to children with attention-deficit disorder, is being used by a small number of students in an attempt to improve exam results and by businessmen to boost boardroom performance. Modafinil, a drug designed to treat narcolepsy, is also used to improv
