1、北京航空航天大学考博英语模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The chances of a repetition of those unfortunate events are_in deed. （ A） distant （ B） slim （ C） unlikely （ D） narrow 2 Having weighed up all the factors the department finally agreed to receive all the _ to the committee. （ A） rejection （ B） h
2、ypotheses （ C） nominations （ D） resistance 3 More probably he had tapped a fresh source of energy in himselfthe power of lovewhich made him feel_. （ A） invaluable （ B） invincible （ C） invariable （ D） invisible 4 He was busy writing the essay all the morning, only _ occasionally to have a cup of tea.
3、 （ A） breaking off （ B） breaking out （ C） breaking （ D） breaking away 5 He planned to go to France to _ his art of painting. （ A） cut out （ B） come by （ C） brush up （ D） make up 6 His desire to _ other people has caused trouble in his family. （ A） please （ B） dominate （ C） force （ D） urge 7 Accordin
4、g to the new tax law, any money earned over that level is taxed at the_of 59 percent. （ A） ratio （ B） percentage （ C） proportion （ D） rate 8 Hydrogeology is the study of water and its properties, including its _and movement in and through land areas. （ A） flow （ B） absorption （ C） distribution （ D）
5、evaporation 9 EGG: CHICKEN （ A） pearl: oyster （ B） roe: salmon （ C） fur: tiger （ D） bark: tree 10 The chief functions of direct-mail advertising are to familiarize prospective buyers with a product, its name, its maker, and its merits and with the products local distributors. （ A） potential （ B） res
6、ponsive （ C） inquisitive （ D） perceptive 11 Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _. （ A） explosion （ B） sensation （ C） exaggeration （ D） stimulation 12 The man went to prison, but the two boys _ with a warning. （ A） took off （ B） got off （ C） kept off
7、（ D） set off 13 Some crossing points will be established, enabling vehicles to get across the route when there is not race traffic in the_. （ A） vicinity （ B） verge （ C） proximity （ D） velocity 14 At the back of the theatre was the bar with a half-glass_ to separate the drinkers and promenaders from
8、 the seated audience. （ A） prevention （ B） partition （ C） parameter （ D） pedestrian 15 Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to _ regret. （ A） teem with （ B） brim with （ C） come with （ D） look with 16 Helen was so persistent that her husband _ at last. （ A） conceded （ B） co
9、nverged （ C） conceived （ D） conferred 17 Stephen Schneider, a climatologist at Stanford, notes that unlike greenhouse gases, which _ rapidly around the globe, the sulfate droplets tend to concentrate over industrialized regions. （ A） unify （ B） fragment （ C） disperse （ D） shatter 18 It was very kind
10、 of you to get me something for my birthday, but you _ me such an expensive present. （ A） didnt need buying （ B） neednt buy （ C） neednt have bought （ D） hadnt needed to buy 19 The fact that it will never be possible to converse with someone on another planet shows that _. （ A） certain universal laws
11、 cannot be prevailed against （ B） no object can ever travel faster than light （ C） western culture has a special idea of communication （ D） radio messages do not travel fast enough 20 There is a controversy even among doctors as to whether this disease is contagious or not. （ A） incisive （ B） infert
12、ile （ C） allergic （ D） communicable 21 We have at present not any _ of the furniture as you required. （ A） mark （ B） inventory （ C） stock （ D） account 22 _this coming Thursdag. it will be too late to enroll for the course. （ A） As of （ B） As for （ C） As to （ D） As on 23 _this coming Thursday, it wil
13、l be too late to enroll for the course. （ A） As of （ B） As for （ C） As to （ D） As on 24 What will continue to be _ it is today-next in importance to oxygen? （ A） how （ B） which （ C） what （ D） as 25 They made detailed investigations to _ themselves with the needs of the rural market. （ A） adhere （ B）
14、 acknowledge （ C） acquaint （ D） activate 26 It_me to see him in such a bad health. He was such an energetic and strong young man only several months ago. （ A） depressed （ B） upset （ C） harmed （ D） grieved 27 A good sense of rhythm is one of his natural _ as a poet. （ A） endowments （ B） interest （ C）
15、 weaknesses （ D） accomplishments 28 Unfortunately, the womans hat _ my view of the stage. （ A） blocked up （ B） obstructed （ C） prevented （ D） interfered 29 Petrazzinis main concern is not so much cultural homogenization associated with the spread of the Internet, but an exacerbation of the gap betwe
16、en young and old and between spread of the Internet （ A） uniformity （ B） discrepancy （ C） convention （ D） distinction. 30 Nothing has ever equaled the _and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world. （ A） concern （ B） magnitude （ C） volume （ D） carelessness 二、 Clo
17、ze 30 Predictions of large populations of robots in industry have yet to come true. For a decade or more, manufacturers of big robots have explained how their machines can make industry more competitive and produc-tive. The market for【 C1】 _robots is now oversupplied, and the driving force of the ro
18、botics (机器人技术 ) revolution is【 C2】 _to be with makers of machines that handle a few kilos at most “Heavy-robot manufacturers are in some difficulty【 C3】 _finding customers. They are offering big【 C4】 _just to get in the door. There has been a【 C5】_growth everywhere in the numbers of robots, so we ha
19、ve to admit we are either deceiving【 C6】 _or that the market is slowly growing, “said John Reekie, Chairman of Colne Robotics. “The following things must happen【 C7】 _the robotics revolution to occur. We must a-chieve widespread robot literacy (文化 ), 【 C8】_there has been a computer literacy program,
20、 there must be a robot literacy campaign. We must also【 C9】 _not just a cut in, but a collapse of robot prices【 C10】 _, some kind of artificial intelligence needs to be available“. 31 【 C1】 （ A） small （ B） educational （ C） big （ D） business 32 【 C2】 （ A） claimed （ B） called （ C） said （ D） told 33 【
21、C3】 （ A） to （ B） with （ C） over （ D） in 34 【 C4】 （ A） money （ B） discounts （ C） prices （ D） costs 35 【 C5】 （ A） exciting （ B） encouraging （ C） despairing （ D） disappointing 36 【 C6】 （ A） ourselves （ B） customers （ C） companies （ D） us 37 【 C7】 （ A） to （ B） for （ C） in （ D） with 38 【 C8】 （ A） as if （
22、 B） even though （ C） just as （ D） although 39 【 C9】 （ A） finish （ B） reach （ C） accomplish （ D） achieve 40 【 C10】 （ A） However （ B） Finally （ C） Whereas （ D） Therefore 40 Depending on whether you believe in principle or the art of the possible, the United Nations new proposal for the future of Weste
23、rn Sahara is either a betrayal or a dogged【 C1】 _at a settlement It suggests that for the next four years Western Sahara should be a part of Morocco【 C2】 _will【 C3】 _the Moroccan flag and【 C4】 _the Moroccan constitution, but at the same time it will be“autonomous“. After four years there may-but onl
24、y may-be a referendum to decide whether it stays Moroccan or becomes a separate state. Morocco invaded this corner of north-west Africa in 1975 when the old colonial power, Spain, was preparing to【 C5】 _out The International Court of Justice ruled the Moroccan occupation【 C6】 _.and a nasty little wa
25、r ensued between Morocco and an independence movement, the Polisario Front They signed a【 C7】 _in 1991 , and agreed to a vote on the future of the territory. 【 C8】 _by the UN. Instead of grinding【 C9】 _an appeals procedure, or declaring Morocco to be in【 C10】 _.the UN now appears to have decided to
26、abandon the whole exercise. The result may be virtually to hand the country【 C11】 _to Morocco. The new plan, drawn up by James Baker, a former American secretary of state, 【 C12】 _that (he agreed list of voters should elect an executive that will. 【 C13】_the countrys internal affairs for the next fo
27、ur years. 【 C14】 _, this executive will be responsible to an assembly elected by all adults now living in the territory, most of【 C15】 _are pro Moroccan. After four years the assembly will appoint a new executive. Morocco will also appoint the judges and be responsible for law and order during the t
28、ransition. 41 【 C7】 （ A） Although （ B） Therefore （ C） However （ D） Hence 42 【 C10】 （ A） stopped （ B） eased （ C） relieved （ D） improved 42 Many countries will not allow cigarette advertising in their newspapers or on TV especially since the advertisements are usually written with young, people in min
29、d. In【 51】 of advertising, the tobacco companies have begun to sponsor sports events. They give money to football, motor racing, tennis and a【 52】 of other sports on condition【 53】 the name of the cigarette is mentioned. This is now causing concern, because it does exactly【 54】 many ads tried to dos
30、uggest that【 55】 has some relation with being strong and athletic. In all this, the point of view of the non-smoking has to be considered, as【 56】 : “I wish the smokers would stop【 57】 the air. I wish I could eat in a restaurant【 58】having to smell cigarette smoke.“ It has been calculated that, in a
31、 room【 59】 a large number of people are smoking, a【 60】 will breathe in the equivalent of two or three cigarettes during an evening. In fact, non-smokers are now a majority in many western countries. More and more people are giving【 61】 the habit, discouraged by high prices, influenced by anti-smoki
32、ng advertisingor just aware that smoking is no【 62】 really a polite thing to do. Faced【 63】 lower sales, the western tobacco companies have begun to look for markets outside their own countries. They have begun【 64】 campaigns to persuade young people in developing countries【 65】 smoking American or
33、British or French cigarettes is a sophisticated western habit,【 66】 they should copy. As a【 67】 more and more young people are spending the little money they have【 68】 a product which the West recognizes as【 69】 and no longer wants. The high number of young smokers in India, in South America and in
34、South-East Asia will be【 70】 of tomorrows problems. 62 Most people would be【 71】 by the high quality of medicine【 72】 to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of【 73】 to the individual, a【 74】 amount of advanced technical equipment, and【 75】 effort not to make mistakes becau
35、se of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must【 76】 in the courts if they【 77】 things badly. But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in【 78】 health care is organized and【 79】 .【 80】 to pubic belief it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joine
36、d by a large public system, because private care wag simply not【 81】 the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with this huge public part of the system,【 82】 this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollarsmore than 10 percent of the U. S. budget, large numbers of Americans are left【 83】 . These includ
37、e about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits【 84】 income fixed by a government trying to save where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control【 85】 the health system. There is no【 86】 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their s
38、ervices, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with a toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate persons concerned can do is【 87】 up. Two thirds of the population【 88】 covered by medical insurance. Doctor
39、s charge as much as they want【 89】 that the insurance company will pay the bill. The rising cost of medicine in the U. S. A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 198l the Countrys health bill climbed 15.9 percentabout twice as fast as prices【 90】 general. （ A） compressed （ B） i
40、mpressed （ C） obsessed （ D） repressed （ A） available （ B） attainable （ C） achievable （ D） amenable （ A） extension （ B） retention （ C） attention （ D） exertion （ A） countless （ B） titanic （ C） broad （ D） vast （ A） intensive （ B） absorbed （ C） intense （ D） concentrated （ A） nm into （ B） encounter （ C）
41、face （ D） defy （ A） treat （ B） deal （ C） maneuver （ D） handle （ A） which （ B） that （ C） what （ D） when （ A） to finance （ B） financed （ C） the finance （ D） to be financed （ A） Contrary （ B） Opposed to （ C） Averse （ D） Objected （ A） looking for （ B） looking into （ C） looking after （ D） looking over （
42、A） which （ B） what （ C） that （ D） it （ A） over （ B） out （ C） off （ D） away （ A） for （ B） in （ C） with （ D） on （ A） over （ B） on （ C） under （ D） behind （ A） boundary （ B） restriction （ C） confinement （ D） limit （ A） to pay （ B） paying （ C） pay （ D） to have paid （ A） is being （ B） are （ C） have been （
43、 D） is （ A） knowing （ B） to know （ C） they know （ D） known （ A） in （ B） with （ C） on （ D） for 三、 Reading Comprehension 82 Gene therapy and gene-based drugs are two ways we could benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But there will be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable thera
44、pies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the coming years. While its true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing y
45、ou want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells havent begun to specialize. Yet this untapped potential coul
46、d be a terrific boon to medicine. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells brain cells in Alzheimers, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few if doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy
47、 replacement tissue. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still cant be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations; but if efforts to understan
48、d and master stem-cell development prove successful , doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, which is really just the other side of the coin; true cloning, as first shown with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactiva
49、ting the genome within, resetting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog h
