[外语类试卷]口译三级实务模拟试卷17及答案与解析.doc

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1、口译三级实务模拟试卷 17及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 Dialogue (20 points, 10 minutes) Listen to the following dialogue and interpret it as required. After you hear a sentence or a short passage in Chinese, interpret it into English by speaking to the microphone. And after you hear an English sentence or a short passage, i

2、nterpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the dialogue only ONCE. Now lets begin. 二、 PART 2 English-Chinese Translation (40 points, 10 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chi

3、nese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 三、 “PART 3 Chinese-English Translation (40 points, 10 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpr

4、eting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin.“ 口译三级实务模拟试卷 17答案与解析 一、 PART 1 Dialogue (20 points, 10 minutes) Listen to the following dialogue and interpret it as required. After you hear a sentence or

5、a short passage in Chinese, interpret it into English by speaking to the microphone. And after you hear an English sentence or a short passage, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the dialogu

6、e only ONCE. Now lets begin. 1 【听力原文】 A: 首先祝贺您荣膺本届奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。您知道,我们中国人一直有一个 “奥斯卡情结 ”。能否请您谈谈看法 ? B: Thanks. Actually Ive been an ardent fan of Chinese kungfu movies. And you know, some talented Chinese directors, like Zhang Yimou, Chen Kaige, and of course, An Lee, have already shown the great charm a

7、nd potential of Chinese movies. They took in the last decade or so almost all film awards one by one, big or small, except Oscar. So, I can predict with great confidence they will win a heap of Oscar titles in ten years time. A: 有人说,一年一度的奥斯卡 金像奖没什么特别的,它只不过是一场游戏罢了。请问您怎么看 ? B: To some extent, yes. It

8、is a game, a grand, happy game by Americans and in the American way. When it is finished, you neednt think about it any longer. It may benefit many people and boost their celebrity. For example, if an actor wins an Oscar, he or she will be able to sign five films the next year, each valued more than

9、 10 million US dollars. All these are concrete things, but these aside, it is only a game, nothing special. A: 虽说是一场游戏,但为什么每年都会在全球范围内搞得沸沸扬扬,引发出那么多话题呢 ? B: Well, the reason is quite obvious the American film industry is too strong! Most American films are commercial and they dominate the globe with t

10、heir high box-office income and large market share. So Americans happily play such a grand game every year, making the whole world reel around it. My keenest feeling is only when a country becomes a decisive force on the international arena can its cultural products be influential. I believe thats t

11、he real reason why you Chinese, or even people all over the world, are unable to shake off their Oscar complex. 1 【正确答案】 A: First, congratulations on winning this years Oscar Best Foreign Language Film Award. As you know, we Chinese have always had an Oscar complex. May I have your opinion? B:谢谢 ! 实

12、际上我一直对中国功夫片很着迷。你知道 ,中国一些有才能的导演,如张艺谋、陈凯歌,当然还有李安等已经向我们展示了中国电影的魅力和潜力。在过去的十几年中,他们已经把各种大大小小的电影奖都拿得差不多了,剩下只有奥斯卡了。所以,我可以非常有把握地预测,十年之内你们一定会拿到一大堆奥斯卡奖的。 A: Some people say that Oscar is but a game that comes every year, with nothing special. What do you think? B:在某种程度上确实如此。它的确是由美国人导演的 一场快乐的、美国式的大游戏。这游戏过去了,你就不

13、必再去想它。它可能会使很多人受益,使他们的身价大增。比如一个演员,他 /她一旦得了奥斯卡奖,明年就能签五部戏,每部的片酬都在一千万美元以上,这都是很具体的。但除此之外,奥斯卡就是场游戏,没什么特别的。 A: Though a game, why does it stir up so much uproar and so much discussion all over the world annually? B:原因很明显,就因为美国电影业强大 ! 美国电影多具有 商业性质,其票房收入和市场占有率都很高,它主宰了全世界。所以美国人每年快乐地做这么一个大游戏,使得全世界的人都跟着转。我最深切的体

14、会就是文化产品要想有影响力,国家就必须在世界舞台上举足轻重。我觉得,这才是你们中国人乃至全世界的人们都摆脱不了这个 “奥斯卡情结 ”的真实原因。 【试题解析】 本文是一篇娱乐方面的对话,主要涉及电影业和电影奖项方面的知识。要求应试者掌握一定的电影常识和与之相关的专门词汇,这有赖于应试者平时的知识积累。此外,应试者还需要在较短的时间内,理解、分析、简化或切分长难句,避免从句 堆积;对于一些较为生僻的词汇,不能死译、硬译,而应该在理解的基础上意译;日常对话的口译,在忠实原文意思的基础上,可以在结构上进行一些变化,以达到顺畅的效果。 -基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇对话考查的基础知识点,涉及

15、惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1奥斯卡最佳外语片奖 Oscar Best Foreign Language Film Award 2奥斯卡情节 Oscar complex 3 Oscar titles 奥斯卡奖 4 Chinese Kungfu movies 中国功夫片 5 international arena 世界舞台 -结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1 They took

16、 in the last decade or so almost all film awards one by one, big or small, except Oscar. 原文的谓语和宾语之间插入了一个时间状语 “in the last decade or so”,在英语中,时间状语可以位于句首、句中、句末,但是在汉语中,时间状语一般位于句首。因此在翻译时,需要改变句序,提前交代时间背景。时间状语的判断和处理是本句的难点所在。 2 For example, if an actor wins an Oscar, he or she will be able to sign five fil

17、ms the next year, each valued more than 10 million US dollars. 英语中,举例时通常用 “for example”, “for instance”作为开场白陈述具体例子。汉语中,通常在 “例如 ”、 “比如 ”等词语后面说出举例的主体,然后对主体进行具体说明。因此,在翻译此句时,可以将 “an actor”作为一个主体提出, “比如一个演员 ”。 3虽说是一场游戏,但为什么每年都会在全球范围内搞得沸沸扬扬,引发出那么多话题呢 ? 原文的主干由一个动补结构 “搞得沸沸扬扬 ”和一个动宾结构 “引发话题 ”组成。翻译时,可以进行词类转化,

18、将副词 “沸沸扬扬 ”转化为名词 “uproar”,动补结构转化为动宾结构 “stir up so much uproar”。 4 Most American films are commercial and they dominate the globe with their high box-office income and large market share. 原文中的 “commercial”是形 容词,说明美国电影业的性质,在汉语中说明某一事物、现象的性质通常用 “具有 性质 ”,在这里,可以采用增词译法,翻译为 “具有商业性质 ”。 5 My keenest feeling i

19、s only when a country becomes a decisive force on the international arena can its cultural products be influential. 本句理解的难点是表语从句中嵌入一个条件状语从句 “only when. can.”,翻译时,该条件状语从句采用了倒装结构,翻译时,需要调整从句内的语序。 -言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1 film awards 电影奖 2 a heap of 一大堆 3 boost celebri

20、ty 身价大增 4 film industry 电影业 5 dominate the globe 主宰全世界 6 box-office income 票房收入 7 market share 市场占有率 8 reel around 跟着转 9 keenest feeling 最深切的体会 10 decisive force 举足轻重的力量 二、 PART 2 English-Chinese Translation (40 points, 10 minutes) Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start in

21、terpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin. 2 【听力原文】 If you want to run a company well, you should remember that there are four general policies to follow with employees. First, pay them what th

22、ey are worth. When people begin with your company, they are rarely worth what they are paid, because you are investing in their future productivity. You should pay people low at the start, with higher payments once they are established and productive. And be open about the monetary value of the addi

23、tional perks they get. Second, you should make employees feel important. Build them positively and openly when praise is deserved. Temper this with negative motivation, pointing out where minor shortcomings are diluting the success that could be enjoyed. Avoid complacency by keeping employees slight

24、ly off-balance. Third, make employees think for themselves. Sometimes by being nonspecific, you create the environment where employees adapt other ideas and learn how to apply them in the new situation. Fourth, separate office life from social life. It is impossible to let your hair down with someon

25、e one night, and come down hard on them the next day. You should also remember that if you have to fire employees, take a creative approach. Try to find a job for them somewhere else, and let the other company steal them away. However, if extreme action is called for, act decisively while respecting

26、 the feelings of the employee. Never expect from your employees anything that you are not willing to do yourself. Its more than a clichit is sound business practice. 2 【正确答案】 如果你想将公司办好的话,你应该记住,对于员工的管理,有四项总原则可以遵循。 第一,根据员 工的价值支付薪水。员工刚开始在你的公司工作时,几乎都不值得拿到你支付他们的工资,因为你在为他们未来的生产能力进行投资。所以开始时给他们的工资要低,但一旦他们有成

27、就了,生产力强了,就要给他们加薪。另外,要让他们了解他们所享受的额外福利的货币价值。 第二,你要让员工觉得自己很重要。当员工值得表扬时,公开、正面地鼓励调动他们,但也需要加点负面的动力,指出哪些小缺点破坏了本可以获得的成功。为避免员工自负,可让他们稍微有些紧张感。 第三,让员工多动脑筋。有时故意含糊笼统,你却创造了这样一种环境:员工善于灵 活修正其它想法,并学会将这些想法运用于新的情况。 第四,将公务和社交生活分开。如果你头一天晚上无拘无束地与某人相处,而第二天就要板着脸训他,这几乎是不可能的。 你还应该记住,如果你不得不开除员工,你的做法最好有些创意,看看能否帮他们在别的地方找一份工作,或让

28、其它公司把他们挖走。然而,当你不得不采取严厉的措施时,你就得果断行动,同时也要尊重员工的感受。 对待员工,要做到己所不欲,勿施于人。这不只是陈词滥调,而是健康的行业规矩。 【试题解析】 本文是一篇关于公司如何管理员工的讲话。讲话人就员工的管理,提出了管理人员应当遵循的四项总原则。应试者需要依次记下这四条总原则的核心内容。 本文需要应试者掌握一些管理方面的基础知识、常用词汇,并在较短的时间内记下讲话的每一个要点;通过长难句中的连接词和讲话人的语音、语调的变化,分清层次;根据汉语表达习惯,切分长句、增减词汇、转换词类,使译文符合目的语的表达习惯。 -基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的

29、基础知识点,涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理 解、翻译的关键。 1 general policy 总原则 2 productivity 生产能力 3 monetary value 货币价值 4 additional perk 额外福利 5 business practice 行业规矩 -结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子 切分等翻译技巧。 1 If you want to run a company well, y

30、ou should remember that there are four general policies to follow with employees. 原文句子结构分析如下: 1)it引导的 (条件状语从句 )+(主句 ); 2)主句句子结构:(主语 )you+(谓语 )should remember+that引导的宾语从句; “there are four general policies to follow with employees”是宾语从句,处理其中的 “with employees”时,需要采取增词译法,具体说明四原则是针对 “员工的管理 ”的。 2 When peo

31、ple begin with your company, they are rarely worth what they are paid, because you are investing in their future productivity. 原句句子结构分析如下: 1)when引导的时间状语从句 +主句; 2)主句中嵌入 一个because引导的原因状语从句; 3)原因状语从句结构: (主语 )you+(谓语 ) are investing in+(宾语 )productivity;翻译原因状语从句时,需要调整语序,将其中的宾语移至谓语前面。 3 Sometimes by bein

32、g nonspecific, you create the environment where employees adapt other ideas and learn how to apply them in the new situation. 原句句子结构分析如下: 1)(主语 )you+(谓语 )create+(宾语 )environment +定语从句; 2)定语从句的句子结构: (主语 )employees+(谓语 1)adapt+(宾语1)ideas+and+(谓语 2)apply+(宾语 2)them; “where”是引导定语从句的关系副词,翻译时,可以省略不译。 4 Ho

33、wever, if extreme action is called for, act decisively while respecting the feelings of the employee. 原句句子结构分析如下: 1)it引导的 (条件状语从句 )+主句; 2)从句结构: (主语 )extreme action+(谓语 )is called for; 3)主句结构; (主语省略 )+(谓语 )act+(方式状语 )decisively;翻译时,需要进行语态转换,将从句中的被动语态,转换成主动语态,并根据上下文,判断并补充主语。 5 Never expect from your e

34、mployees anything that you are not willing to do yourself. 原句句子结构分析如下: (主语省略 )+(谓语 )never expect+(宾语 )anything +(定语从句 );目的语中有一个俗语与原句所表达的意思相同,翻译时,可以采用套译法,套用目的语中的俗语。 -言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1 follow with 遵循 2 employee 员工 3 negative motivation 负面的动力 4 minor shortcoming

35、s 小缺点 5 keep.slightly off-balance 让 有些紧张感 6 adapt ideas 修正想法 7 office life 公务 8 creative approach 创意 9 steal.away 将 挖走 10 act decisively 果断行动 三、 “PART 3 Chinese-English Translation (40 points, 10 minutes) Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. Start interpreting at the signal an

36、d stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now lets begin.“ 3 【听力原文】 很高兴在这 次教育国际论坛上与大家交流我对 21世纪教育的看法。 21世纪,我们看到知识成了创造力和财富的源泉。知识能通过网络分享,我们生活在一个由网络连通的智慧时代。我们分享资源并形成各种伙伴关系。知识与经验的交流和分享创造了一个互惠互利的共同进步的环境。 在 21世纪,创造和运用知识是竞争的关键,也是国家繁荣和积累财富的关键。这

37、要求国民在工作中不断积累知识,提高技术水平。国民必须接受多层次的教育与培训,而最根本的做法就是普及教育,也就是让人人都获得接受教育的机会。而要达到普及教育的目的,我们必须通过 “开放式学习 ”方 法和技术来扩大教育范围,极大地增加学生接受教育的机会。 在开放式学习系统里,学生能学会如何成功地参与团队活动。在这样的团队活动中,学生能够互动,谦虚倾听别人的见解,学会尊重他人的观点,同时也培养批判性思维的能力。 在经济全球化的背景下,我们看到有更多的跨经济、跨国界的合作伙伴出现。一个国家要在经济全球化的竞争中取胜,必须为其公民提供普及教育以优化个人对社会的贡献。而普及教育只有在开放式学习中才能实现。

38、 3 【正确答案】 Im very happy to speak at this international forum on education and share with you my idea of education in the 21st century. In the 21st century, we realize that creativity and wealth flow from knowledge. Knowledge can be shared on the Internet, because we are living in an age, in which ev

39、erything is linked by the Internet, sharing resources and forming partnerships. Knowledge and experience are exchanged to create an environment of mutual benefit and common progress. In the 21st century, creating and using knowledge is the key to being competitive and to national prosperity and weal

40、th accumulation. This requires people to continually accumulate knowledge and improve skills in their work. They must receive multi-level education and training. The basic means is to make education universal or to let everyone have the opportunity to receive education. To make education universal,

41、it is essential to apply the “Open Learning“ approach and technology to extend the reach of education and greatly increase students access to it. In an open-learning system, students learn how to successfully participate in teams. When students interact in teams, they learn to listen attentively wit

42、h an open mind and treat each others ideas with respect. Meanwhile, they develop the capability of critical thinking. With economic globalization, we see a growing number of cross-economy and cross-border partnerships. For a country to successfully compete against the background of economic globaliz

43、ation, it must provide universal education to its citizens in order to enable each individual to make more contributions to society. And universal education can only be achieved under an open-learning system. 【试题解析】 本文是一段关于开放式学习的讲话,讲话人强调了 21世纪普及教育的重要性,并提出通过 “开放式学习 ”来扩大教育范围。 本文要求应试者了解一些教育方面的基础背景知识、常用

44、词汇等。汉语是意合语言, 通过意义本身保持句子间、句子内的联系,没有严格的语法限制,汉语少用连接成分,英语主要通过词汇手段来完成句子间、句子内的联系。在转化为英语时,需要注意变通,增加连接词汇。 -基本素质采分点 下面的单词、短语是这篇文章考查的基础知识点,涉及惯用表达和相关知识领域的专有名词等,是应试者理解、翻译的关键。 1教育国际论坛 international forum on education 2网络分享 shared on the Internet 3普及教 育 make education universal 4开放式学习 open learning 5经济全球化 economi

45、c globalization -结构理解采分点 下面是本文出现的长难句,要求应试者迅速理解句子大意,分析出句子中所包含的意群,转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中,应试者可以采取词类转换、语态转换、语序调整、增删词语、句子切分等翻译技巧。 1知识能通过网络分享,我们生活在一个由网络连通的智慧时代。我们 分享资源并形成各种伙伴关系。 原文的句子之间、句子内部各成分之间是通过意义来连接的,根据汉英两种语言的差异,翻译时,需要通过词汇手段来实现这种连接,因此,需要采取增词译法,增加一些连接词语。第一句中的两个分句隐藏着因果联系,翻译时,可以增加连接词 “because”。 2在 21世纪,

46、创造和运用知识是竞争的关键,也是国家繁荣和积累财富的关键。原文句子主干分析如下: 1)创造和运用知识是关键; 2)“竞争 ”、 “国家繁荣 ”、“积累财富 ”是 “关键 ”的前置定语,翻译时,应该移至被修饰语后面,充当补语。 3国民必须接受多 层次的教育与培训,而最根本的做法就是普及教育,也就是让人人都获得接受教育的机会。 原句有两套主谓结构,分别是: 1)国民必须接受 ;和 2)做法是 ,也就是 。翻译时,在译文中,可以将这个句子拆分为两个句子。 4在这样的团队活动中,学生能够互动,谦虚倾听别人的见解,学会尊重他人的观点,同时也培养批判性思维的能力。 原句中 “互动 ”、 “倾听 ”、 “学

47、会尊重 ”等动词的主体是 “学生 ”, “培养 ”的主体是 “团队活动 ”,翻译时,应该先分析这些动词内在的联系,分清层次。 5一个国家要在经济全球化的竞争中取胜,必须为其公 民提供普及教育以优化个人对社会的贡献。 原句句子的主干是: 1)国家要取胜,必须提供普及教育; 2)提供普及教育是取胜的必要条件。翻译时, “国家要取胜 ”可以使用不定式,在译文中充当目的状语。 -言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构、意思,还需要从微观上正确理解、表达一些重要短语、单词。 1互利互惠 mutual benefit 2共同进步 common progress 3国家繁荣 national prosperity 4积累财富 wealth accumulation 5提高技术水平 improve skills 6多层次教育与培训 multi-level education and training 7互动 interact 8批判性思维 critical thinking 9跨经济 cross-economy 10跨国界 crossborder

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