1、口语练习试卷 27及答案与解析 一、 SECTION 3 DISCUSSION (ABOUT 5 MIN) In this part of the test you are given a discussion topic. You have 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, an example of which is below, and then about 3 minutes to discuss the topic with your partner. After that examiner will ask you more questi
2、ons related to the topic. 1 谈论有关企业管理、股市及相关话题 Do you think that company staff should wear uniforms? 2 Is fire-and-hire attitude right or not when employing people? Why not? 3 Do you think a buy-to-let investment property is a good option in the long run? Why? 4 Is advertising important or not? What f
3、actors must one take into account when developing advertising strategy? 5 Is market feasibility important or not? Why? 6 Is market research important or not? Why? 7 Is corporate philanthropy important or not? Can you give explanations for corporate philanthropy? 8 Is capital market important or not?
4、 Why? Can you give explanation about it? 9 Is annual report important or not? Why? 10 Can you explain why people buy stock on margin? 11 Is competition important or not? Why? 12 Is planning important or not? Why? 13 Is time management important or not? Why? 14 How do you see flextime? Is it importan
5、t or not? Why? 15 Is it necessary for the companies to retain quality staff? Why? How to retain quality staff. 口语练习试卷 27答案与解析 一、 SECTION 3 DISCUSSION (ABOUT 5 MIN) In this part of the test you are given a discussion topic. You have 30 seconds to look at the prompt card, an example of which is below,
6、 and then about 3 minutes to discuss the topic with your partner. After that examiner will ask you more questions related to the topic. 1 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a It is very necessary for staff to wear uniforms. Uniforms project an instant image about a business, as well as creating a team spirit
7、 among staff. Clothes make a man. b I think company staff should wear uniforms. If you choose the wrong work wear and you risk upsetting your customers and employees. c I think it is necessary for staff to wear fight uniforms, because uniforms make staff instantly recognizable to guests. It is easie
8、r for company leaders to identify their staff of different departments. Wearing best-chosen uniforms create self-confidence among staff. 【试题解析】 考生回答要尽量快，不能迟疑，三五句即可。如果一时难以回答，可以先回答 “Yes， its necessary ”考官再问下去，你就用 because. . . 讲一两个理由。如果考官继续细问，再回答。不要抢答，以免有画蛇添足之嫌。 【知识模块】 口语 2 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a
9、I think company should retain experienced staff. Fire-and-hire attitude costs employers a lot of money a year. Take Hong Kong employers for example. When it comes to hiring the fight people and training them for the job, Hong Kong bosses come off worst in a survey of seven economies. Their poor hiri
10、ng practices cost them $39 billion a year, or 3 per cent of the citys output. b Companies must retain experienced staff. If they dont do it, they will lose their core competence. The vicious cycle caused by high staff turnover and the constant hiring of unsuitable people translated into staggering e
11、conomic losses. The alarm was raised recently by British-based SHL, a manpower assessment company, which commissioned the survey that found Hong Kong managers spent a fifth of their time correcting mistakes made by their staff and that one in four employees left their job before they became competen
12、t at it. c China clearly lags behind the other countries surveyed, with $30 billion wasted on poor-people performance. Its a staggering figure. To put it in perspective, it is nearly what China spends on education every year. If the Chinese employers really want to employ the right people for the fi
13、ght job, they need to look at the way they hire employees, looking specifically at the assessment process and asking themselves if it is really helping them decide on the right types of employees. d I dont think the fire-and-hire attitude is right. Last year, British think-tank The Future Foundation
14、 surveyed about 100 managers and 350 workers from each of the economies studied. It found 25 % of HK workers left their jobs before they had mastered them. And HK managers spent 21 per cent of their working hours redoing the work or correcting the mistakes of colleagues. In India, the figure was 16
15、per cent, in the US 13 per cent, in Australia 12 per cent, in the Netherlands 11 per cent, in Britain 9 per cent and in Sweden 7 per cent. I am not advocating labor laws one way or another, but in Sweden, the law is heavily in favor of the employees, so when companies hire, they have to make sure th
16、ey hire the right people and invest time in properly training them. The survey results perhaps reflect the fire-and-hire attitude of HK managers, which is highly questionable as an effective human resources strategy. People may be surprised at the findings. I dont have the impression that so many wo
17、rkers are performing at a low standard. 【试题解析】 think-tank思想库，智囊团。 fire-and-hire attitude开了再雇的态度。 staggering figure棘手的数字，惊人的数字。 redo重做，重写，重演。 the vicious cycle恶性循环。 【知识模块】 口语 3 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a A buy-to-let investment property is probably not the right choice for us at this moment in time
18、and it is potentially very time-consuming. However, I think that property is a good option in the long run. The process can make us realize that we are in a position to embark on some slightly riskier ventures. As indicated by the advisers, an investment may be a good way for us to start. b Buy-to-l
19、et can be a very hands-on investment. Given your strong financial position, with a good, final salary pension , scheme and no mortgage, you could take on a buy-to-let investment. But given your dislike of debt, and a wish to avoid aggravation, this may not suit you. c Buy-to-let can be a very hands-
20、on investment. To minimize this, a letting agent can be used to find tenants and manage the property. This entails a fee of about 15 per cent of the rental income. It depends on your financial position. If your financial position is not strong enough, you should not even . consider buying to let. To
21、 buy to let you will also have to take out a new mortgage. d A buy-to-let investment property is a good option in the long run. However, buying a house abroad is a life-style choice and unlikely to be low-maintenance. You should seek specialist advice and, if you are not fluent in the local language
22、, employ the services of a bilingual solicitor. 【试题解析】 buy-to-let investment property 购房为出租的投资。 option选择，选择权，期权。 low-maintenance低维护费用。 time-consuming费时的，旷日持久的。 mortgage抵押。 【知识模块】 口语 4 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a Advertising is very important. For most companies or firms, especially those selling con
23、sumer products and services, advertising is the most important element in the promotion mix. As a firm develops its advertising strategy, it must consider three factors: first, the massages it wants to convey; second; the media available for conveying the message; and third, the extent to which the
24、firm wants to globalize its advertising effort. At the same time the firm must take into account relevant cultural, linguistic, and legal constraints found in various national markets. b A popular way to motivate people to spend money is through advertising. The alert consumer has a number of resour
25、ces at his or her command when choosing goods and services. Advertising is one of the important resources. When you make an overall plan for launching a new product, you have to take several factors into account, such as the advertising form, advertising message, and the advertising budget, or money
26、 set aside for buying space in newspapers, magazines, or buying time on television or on the Internet. c Advertising is necessary. Merchants inform consumers of products, their uses and prices through advertisements they place in the media. Advertising is especially important in todays large-scale n
27、ational market because“word-of-mouth”knowledge about products is impractical. Businesses find advertising useful because it enables them to differentiate their products from those of their competitors. Stereotypes are useful to advertising because theyre basically shorthand. Youve got thirty seconds
28、 to get your main selling point across. And with a stereotype you can establish a theme in tow. A stereotype is consistent and easily identifiable to a whole national group. 【试题解析】 promotion mix 促销宣传混合效应。 stereotype成规，定型，刻板，老套。 word-of-mouth publicity口碑，口头宣传。 differentiate区分，鉴别。shorthand速记，简略表达方式。 【
29、知识模块】 口语 5 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a Market feasibility is important. If a business relocates, it has to make market feasibility study beforehand. For example, you need to find a location for the business. A good location may allow a mediocre business to survive, but a bad location may spell failu
30、re for the finest of businesses. When you select your location, you need to make your first marketing decision. This requires that you know your product or service, its users (potential customers) , and your competitors. b Market feasibility is essential to business strategy. Having adopted an overa
31、ll business strategy, a firm must assess where it wants to do business. Before making marketing decisions, marketing feasibility study is made. In particular, international marketing managers must address four issues: How to develop the firms products; how to price those products; how to sell those
32、products; and how to distribute those products to the firms customers. These elements, such as product, pricing, promotion, and place (or distribution), are collectively known as the marketing mix. c Marketing feasibility is indispensable to marketing decision. When you make a marketing decision, yo
33、u need to know your product or service: What will your product or service do? In what situation can it be used (applications)? What problems will it solve? You also need to know your customers: Who are the potential users of your product or service? (What is your customer profile?) How many of them
34、are there in your market area? What was the growth trend in this segment of the population in your market area over the past five to ten years? What are their buying motives? Only by making marketing feasibility study, can you standardize or customize your firms marketing mix. 【试题解析】 marketing mix市场
35、营销混合效应。 marketing feasibility市场营销适宜性，市场营销可行性。 standardize使标准化，使规范化。 customize 按客户要求制作。 pricing 产品定价。 【知识模块】 口语 6 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a Market research is important. Company must conduct market research before launching a new product. Because marketing departments need to monitor technological
36、change not only within their own industry but also in the industries, which use the product. b Market research is necessary, because it is needed for more accurate information about trends and changes in market demand. Another important reason for using market research is to obtain more complete inf
37、ormation on competitors. c Market research is essential to decision making. If company conduct market research, and get accurate information about the market, its management can react more quickly to changes in competitors products and policies. The marketing department also needs to be able to asse
38、ss potential in a variety of areas including product development so that it can reduce risk, and here too market research can help. d Market research is indispensable to the firms. Some firms are rarely aware of what is happening in their own markets because there is no direct contract between produ
39、cts and end users. Market research can be used to bridge the information gap between producer and customer. e “Nothing happens until someone sells something. ”Like many adages, this phrase emphasizes a point of great importance to any business or institution, but taken literally it may be misleading
40、 or untrue. A great many activities should take place before“someone sells something”. You will have to do market research before anything else. 【试题解析】 adage谚语，格言。 market research市场调研。 monitor监控，检测，监督。 information gap信息差。 misleading误导。 accurate information准确信息。 【知识模块】 口语 7 【正确答案】 Suggested answers:
41、a Corporate philanthropy is important. Corporations offer various explanations for their philanthropy. One of the motives is essential altruism, a simple recognition of social responsibility beyond production and the making of profit for shareholders. Philanthropy will help firms acquire a good repu
42、tation. b Philanthropy is helpful for firms to make indirect social gains. Many corporations contribute because of the indirect social gains they receive in return. The funds often are seen as engendering goodwill from the public; or the cost may be judged as being less than if government paid for a
43、ll services to the community and then raised corporate taxes accordingly. c Some other corporations are interested in supporting projects that will be looked on with favor by Congress, which regulates their fortunes. d Corporations give for reasons that directly benefit them. For example, a technica
44、l instrument company may donate to university engineering programs that provide high quality graduates who come to work for the company. e Corporations give money and help to people who are poor or in trouble, because government, in turn, provides tax write-offs for corporate philanthropy out of the
45、 belief that many centers of support for socially needed programs help contribute to a dynamic solution to the human problems of society. Many centers of interest and expertise are preferred over a single system supported by the government alone. 【试题解析】 philanthropy慈善，慈善事业，慈善性捐赠。 altruism利他主义，无私。 en
46、gender危及，危害。 goodwill善意，信誉，友善。 good will良好的意图，良愿。 donate捐，赠。 regulate调控，调理，调节。 tax write-offs税金减免，税金冲销。 corporate tax企业税，公司税，法人税。 recognition识别，承认，认可。 【知识模块】 口语 8 【正确答案】 Suggested answers: a Capital market is very important. Take America for example, the efficiency of the U. S. capital market is leg
47、endary. Historically, virtually every major city once had a stock market, but by the 1990s there were only three major markets: New York, Chicago and San Francisco . Local markets persisted in such cities as Boston and Philadelphia, but trading was limited. Capital markets in the United States have
48、provided much of the moneythe lifeblood of capitalismto finance the building of thousands of factories and plants, research laboratories and office buildings, airplanes and ships. It is fair to say that if capital markets did not exist in the United States, they would have had to be invented. Althou
49、gh in recent years much capital has been raised through bond markets and in other ways, stock markets have often proved to be useful money-raising tools for new struggling companies. b Capital markets are said to be efficient when they can match quickly vast numbers of stocks put forth by sellers with vast demands for stocks out forth by buyers. In part, it is a matter of technology. The modem markets, particularly those in New York and Chicago, rely heavily on computerization each day to process millions of transactions. But also, in part, it
