1、吉林大学考博英语模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Hidden hotel costs can be a source of frustration to the frugal traveler. （ A） careful （ B） clever （ C） ignorant （ D） economical 2 Thick with trees and sparse with homes, this tranquil area 50 miles north of Houston could be a slice of heaven. （ A）
2、molten （ B） serene （ C） isolated （ D） snobbish 3 Accommodations must be made for students with learning disabilities. （ A） criminal （ B） pump （ C） psychology （ D） lodgings 4 History was being catalogued here, the missed opportunities, blunders, and outright mistakes. （ A） attempts （ B） insults （ C）
3、mistakes （ D） arguments 5 The press mocked his attempts to appeal to young voters. （ A） ridiculed （ B） entertained （ C） ignored （ D） drew 6 The federal court has been putting pressure on the state to adhere to the population caps in the decree. （ A） encounter （ B） stick to （ C） prepare （ D） anticipa
4、te 7 Widespread wage reductions were imposed during the recession of 1906-1909 and price inflation thereafter impeded the recovery of real wage levels. （ A） convoluted （ B） belied （ C） encumbered （ D） stocked 8 Helplessly she blinked up at him, feeling a slow lethargy creep through her whole body, （
5、 A） provision （ B） cylinder （ C） contradiction （ D） exhaustion 9 The attack was meticulously planned and executed. （ A） negligently （ B） slovenly （ C） fussily （ D） discreetly 10 At the same time, medical and social science research began to indicate that retirement itself had detrimental effects. （
6、A） damaging （ B） magnificent （ C） useful （ D） relevant 11 The clash between Real Madrid and Arsenal is being_as the match of the season. （ A） harbingered （ B） allured （ C） congested （ D） lodged 12 What he told me was a_of downright lies. （ A） load （ B） mob （ C） pack （ D） flock 13 We regret to inform
7、 you that the materials you ordered are_. （ A） out of work （ B） out of stock （ C） out of reach （ D） out of practice 14 _I realized the consequences, I would never have contemplated getting involved. （ A） Even if （ B） Had （ C） As long as （ D） If 15 They managed to_the sound on TV every time the alleg
8、es victims name was spoken. （ A） deaden （ B） deprive （ C） punctuate （ D） rebuff 16 He had been_to appear in court on charges of incitement of lawbreaking. （ A） illuminated （ B） summoned （ C） prevailed （ D） trailed 17 The computer doesnt_human thought; it reaches the same ends by different means. （ A
9、） flunk （ B） renew （ C） succumb （ D） mimic 18 How about a glass of orange juice to_your thirst? （ A） quench （ B） quell （ C） quash （ D） quieten 19 The rain looked as if it had_for the night. （ A） set off （ B） set up （ C） set out （ D） set in 20 My aunt lost her cat last summer, but it_a week later at
10、a home in the next village. （ A） turned up （ B） turned in （ C） turned on （ D） turned out 21 As is known to all, a vague law is always_to different interpretations. （ A） invulnerable （ B） immune （ C） resistant （ D） susceptible 22 The manager_facts and figures to make it seem that company was prospero
11、us. （ A） beguiled （ B） besmirched （ C） juxtaposed （ D） juggled 23 To our great delight, yesterday we received a(n)_donation from a benefactor. （ A） handsome （ B） awesome （ C） miserly （ D） prodigal 24 Students who get very high marks will be_from the final examination. （ A） expelled （ B） banished （ C
12、） absolved （ D） ousted 25 It_me that the man was not telling the truth. （ A） affects （ B） pokes （ C） hits （ D） stirs 26 John glanced at Mary to see what she thought, but she remained_. （ A） manifest （ B） obnoxious （ C） inscrutable （ D） obscene 27 My neighbor tended to react in a heat and_way. （ A） i
13、mpetuous （ B） impertinent （ C） imperative （ D） imperceptible 28 This morning when she was walking in the street, a black car_beside her. （ A） drew out （ B） drew off （ C） drew down （ D） drew up 29 She decided to keep reticent about the unpleasant past and_it to memory. （ A） attribute （ B） allude （ C）
14、 commit （ D） credit 30 It did not take long for the central bank to_their fears. （ A） soothe （ B） snub （ C） smear （ D） sanctify 二、 Cloze 30 It is not long since conditions in the mines were worse than they are now. There are still【 C1】 _a few every old women who in their youth have worked【 C2】_, wit
15、h harness round their waists, and a chain【 C3】 _passed between their legs, crawling on all【 C4】 _and dragging tugs of coal. They used to go on【 C5】_this even when they were pregnant. And【 C6】 _now, if coal could not be produced without pregnant women dragging it【 C7】 _and fro, I fancy we should let
16、them do it【 C8】 _than deprive ourselves of coal. But most of the time, of course, we should【 C9】 _to forget that they were doing it. It is【 C10】 _with all types of manual work; it keeps us alive, and we are oblivious of its existence. More than anything【 C11】 _, perhaps, the miner can stand as the t
17、ype of manual worker, not only because his work is so exaggeratedly awful, but also because it is so vitally necessary and【 C12】 _so【 C13】 _, that we are capable【 C14】 _forgetting it as we forget the blood in our veins. In【 C15】 _way it is even humiliating to watch coal miners working. It raises in
18、you a momentary doubt【 C16】 _your own status as an “ intellectual“ and a superior person generally. For it is brought【 C17】 _to you, at least while you are watching, that it is only【 C18】 _miners sweat their guts out【 C19】_superior persons can【 C20】 _superior. 31 【 C1】 （ A） alive （ B） living （ C） wa
19、lking （ D） breathing 32 【 C2】 （ A） underground （ B） above （ C） below （ D） late 33 【 C3】 （ A） it （ B） this （ C） who （ D） that 34 【 C4】 （ A） limbs （ B） fours （ C） legs （ D） bodies 35 【 C5】 （ A） making （ B） working （ C） do （ D） doing 36 【 C6】 （ A） just （ B） even （ C） right （ D） well 37 【 C7】 （ A） from
20、（ B） for （ C） to （ D） at 38 【 C8】 （ A） rather （ B） more （ C） would （ D） less 39 【 C9】 （ A） ask （ B） prefer （ C） make （ D） willing 40 【 C10】 （ A） same （ B） what （ C） so （ D） that 41 【 C11】 （ A） more （ B） beside （ C） too （ D） else 42 【 C12】 （ A） but （ B） yet （ C） however （ D） also 43 【 C13】 （ A） effic
21、ient （ B） silent （ C） black （ D） required 44 【 C14】 （ A） to （ B） for （ C） of （ D） at 45 【 C15】 （ A） the （ B） its （ C） a （ D） that 46 【 C16】 （ A） about （ B） with （ C） for （ D） of 47 【 C17】 （ A） point （ B） home （ C） much （ D） it 48 【 C18】 （ A） for （ B） why （ C） because （ D） how 49 【 C19】 （ A） so （ B）
22、that （ C） why （ D） therefore 50 【 C20】 （ A） retain （ B） do （ C） remain （ D） make 三、 Reading Comprehension 50 Scientists now tend to agree that the noise level for potential hearing loss begins at about 70 decibels. Some of them are very concerned because normal daily life often exposes people to noi
23、se levels of about 70 decibels even inside their homes. Cities have always been noisy, but noise is now spreading to areas that were quiet just a few years ago. Clearly, something must be done or noise will seriously and permanently maim the population. Fortunately, the knowledge and methods to cont
24、rol noise already exist. As a matter of fact, this is one instance where the knowledge of control methods exceeds the knowledge about the effects on human life and on the environment. There are two common means for control. The first is reducing noise at its source, and the second is changing the so
25、und path by distance or by shielding. The second approach is being used more often today as people become more aware of the danger of noise. New building codes require better sound insulation in homes and apartments. More and more towns are passing zoning ordinances that try to segregate noisy facto
26、ries or airports from residential areas. Sound-absorbent materials and construction designed to block sound paths are slowly coming into use in offices and homes. New highways are being built to redirect traffic noise up and away from nearby areas. Aircraft are increasingly being required to use red
27、uced-power flights around airports. There are many examples of available noise control methods that are not being used. More flexible building codes would permits the use of quieter kinds of plumbing pipes. Sound-absorbent materials can reduce the noise of motors and engines. Power generators can be
28、 quieted with baffles, exhaust silencers, and sound absorbers. Truck tires can be made with quieter treads. In many cases, the most of building quieter machines is the same or only slightly higher than that of the current noisy ones. Even though the new jumbo jets, for example, are quieter than the
29、older ones, yet they are more powerful and carry twice as many passengers. All of these methods are only partial measures as noisy levels continue to rise. Most specialists in the field agree that much of the solution must come from eliminating some of the noise at its source, therefore saving throu
30、gh prevention the large costs of hearing loss. 51 The noise level for possible hearing loss begins at about_. （ A） 30 decibels （ B） 70 decibels （ C） 100 decibels （ D） none of the above 52 Jet pilots are being advised to land_. （ A） on longer runways （ B） from nearby areas （ C） after dark （ D） with r
31、educed power 53 How many practical means for controlling noise does the author present? （ A） One. （ B） Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Four. 54 The reader can assume that airport of the future will_. （ A） have runways in a north-south pattern （ B） be located in unpopulated areas （ C） be required to warn passe
32、ngers of high noise levels （ D） in nearby areas 55 Jumbo jets are mentioned as examples of_. （ A） efficient transportation with low levels of noise （ B） vehicles that cause serious air pollution （ C） scientific advances that do more harm than good （ D） quieter and older vehicle 55 Every time a perso
33、n eats something he makes a nutritional decision. He accepts or rejects the food available to him at home for meals or snacks. Or he selects food for himself at many places in the community, such as supermarkets, drive-ins, restaurants, and food counters in drugstores. These selections make a differ
34、ence in how an individual looks, how he feels, and how well he can work and play. When a good assortment of food in appropriate amounts is selected and eaten, the consequences are more likely to be a desirable level of health and enough energy to allow one to be as active as he needs and wants to be
35、. When choices are less than desirable, the consequences are likely to be poor health or limited energy or both. Studies of diets of individuals in the United States show that food selection is a highly individual matter, even among young children. Furthermore, far too many individuals of all ages a
36、re making poor choices today and are either now living with the consequences or will be in the future. Nutritionists and workers in allied professions have been concerned about helping people learn to select and enjoy a wide variety of food combination that can add up to a good diet. Most people bel
37、ieve that they are well fed that the choices they make are good ones. After all, they are not really sick, neither are they hungry. However, their nutrition is usually poor in one respect or another. Milk and milk products, such as cheeses, ice cream or milk, butter milk, and yogurt, are often sligh
38、ted. Then people may skip many fruits and vegetables, particularly those that are good sources of vitamins A and C. These include dark green, leafy vegetables; deep yellow vegetables; and citrus fruits and vegetables, such as cabbage, tomatoes, and green peppers. Every American has the right to choo
39、se to be uninformed about nutrition as well as to be informed. If a person believes that she is well fed, attitudes, habits, and information cannot be forced upon her. There are life situations, however, that tend to cause an individual to want to know how to make the best choices. For example, a yo
40、ung couple is starting a family and must prepare food for young children. 56 Food preference in America is_. （ A） cultural （ B） inherited （ C） individualistic （ D） according to ages 57 Good amounts of vitamin A can be found in_. （ A） celery （ B） banana （ C） milk （ D） cabbage 58 According to the auth
41、or, nutritionists are concerned with_. （ A） improving the vitamin content of processed foods （ B） restricting the manufacture of high cholesterol foods （ C） informing the public about wholesome foods （ D） helping people enjoying uninformed about nutrition 59 Some people judge their nutrition by the_
42、. （ A） status of their health （ B） grocery stores where they shop （ C） amount of protein in their diets （ D） food they took 60 The author advocates_. （ A） requiring high school students to take courses on nutrition （ B） making information on nutrition available to the public （ C） forcing food manufa
43、cturers to list ingredients on packages （ D） people has the right to choose food 60 Almost since the beginning of mankind, governments have been recording the numbers of their populace. The first known census report took place in 3800 B. C. in Babylonia for the purpose of deciding who should pay tax
44、es. As time went by, governments found other, more creative uses for knowing their numbers. Egyptian King Ramses II used the census not only to determine who should pay taxes, but also to figure out how to divide land for farming and to decide who could provide manpower for various government projec
45、ts. Their new ideas came about in the mid-1200s B. C. William, the Conqueror brought the concept of census taking to England in 1085. All landowners were required to name their holdings for the purpose of taxation. By the fifteenth century, Tudor kings found a new twist to the Egyptians use of the c
46、ensus. They too used the population count as a means of getting ready manpower for important government projects namely, replenishing troops in the ongoing battles in western Europe. A rebellious tide swept over England, however, in the mid-1700s. A bill to authorize a regular census was defeated in
47、 Parliament on the grounds that it would give valuable information to Englands enemies. But the tide of rebellion soon turned, and in 1800 England established its first regular census. Meanwhile the United States had already had an ongoing census for ten years. It was authorized in the Constitution
48、for the purpose of deciding how many members of constitutional article also established that the census would be taken in 1790 and every ten years thereafter. And so it has. Since its beginning, the American census has gone through many changes. Today the census provides more than a count of the peo
49、ple who live here. It takes polls on transportation, economic planning, and agriculture. The census also provides data for most government agency statistics, such as the unemployment rate. Counting costs have risen since 1790. The government spent about a penny per person to count post-Revolutionary Americans. Today the census costs $ 25
