内涵。无论是文物还是典籍,都只是文化的载体,而灵魂是载体中的内在精神。 文化自信不能离开国家。正确的文化观不能离开正确的国家观。国家对于共同文化的形成和认同至关重要。要形成和维护一个统一的中华民族文化,必然要有一个统一的而非分裂的国家。民族是文化的主体,而文化是民族的灵魂,中国各民族的生存和发展离不
吉林大学英语Tag内容描述:
1、内涵。
无论是文物还是典籍,都只是文化的载体,而灵魂是载体中的内在精神。
文化自信不能离开国家。
正确的文化观不能离开正确的国家观。
国家对于共同文化的形成和认同至关重要。
要形成和维护一个统一的中华民族文化,必然要有一个统一的而非分裂的国家。
民族是文化的主体,而文化是民族的灵魂,中国各民族的生存和发展离不开统一而强大的国家保障。
当一个国家被消灭或处于分裂时,它的文化发展也会中断。
世界四大文明古国,只有中国文化没有中 断,因为中国自古至今始终是中国。
中国人是龙的传人。
中国有过分裂,但统一是主导的。
即使当时存在不同的民族政权,它仍然处于中国这个大的疆域之内,因而极容易统一,中华民族的文化保存和继承相对完好。
历史证明,当国家分裂,文化发展的血脉会中断,何谈文化自信! 当代中国的文化自信,同时是中国人民的文化自信。
鲁迅先生虽然批判了中国人的劣根性,但他也说过:“我们自古以来,就有埋头苦干的人,有拼命硬干的人,有为民请命的人,有舍身求法的人这就是中国的脊梁”的话,强调中国并没失掉民族自信力。
近代中国人的一盘散沙是统治者的“治绩”。
中国近代表现的国民劣根性并非中国人本质特性,而是朝廷腐败和社会腐败的。
2、全盘西化” 和 “本土文化”的论战12 文艺复兴的背景和代表人物2013 年吉林大学历史学专业基础综合真题试卷答案与解析一、名词解释21-28 小题,每小题 10 分,共 80 分。
1 【正确答案】 记载春秋时期历史的编年体史书,相传为左丘明为解释孔子的春秋而作,与春秋公羊传、春秋谷梁传合称“春秋三传” 。
左传叙事起自鲁隐公元年(前 722 年),迄于鲁悼公十四年(前 453 年),记事基本以春秋鲁十二公为次序,内容包括诸侯国之间的聘问、会盟、征伐、婚丧、篡弑等。
该书历来受到学者重视,先后有服虔、杜预作注解,对后世史学影响极大。
2 【正确答案】 金朝所推行的军事政治制度。
猛安谋克原是女真人在氏族社会末期的部落组织,以血缘为纽带建立起来。
完颜阿骨打建立金政权后进行改造,突破了血缘关系,规定以户为计算单位,以三百户为一谋克,谋克即百夫长;十谋克为一猛安,猛安即千夫长。
猛安谋克制是一种政治、经济、军事三位一体的制度,在金政权建立初期起到了作用,但在后期出现了诸多危机。
3 【正确答案】 洋务运动中建立的官督商办企业,成立于 1872 年。
由李鸿章主持创建,并得到了清政府的。
3、3.轮船招商局(分数:5.00)_4.万隆会议(分数:5.00)_5.图腾崇拜(分数:5.00)_6.巴比伦之囚(分数:5.00)_。
4、分数:15.00)_二、B/B(总题数:1,分数:20.00)2.下式为 6 位二进制数 D=(D5D4D3D2D1D0)2 转换为 8421BCD 十进制数 D=(Y13Y12Y11Y10Y03Y02Y01Y00)8421BCD 的一种方案原理表达式。
其中二进制加法运算中间结果 H=(H4H3H2H1H0)2最大值为(23) 10,当 H=(09) 10时加0 校正,当 H=(1019) 10时加 6 校正,当 H=(2029) 10时加 12 校正,故设置了 J8(加 8)、J 4(加 4)、J2(加 2)指令。
试用两个四选一数据选择器和若干其他门实现 J8、J 4、J 2指令的形成电路。
提示:H 0可不参与加法运算。
(分数:20.00)_。
5、二、B/B(总题数:1,分数:12.00)2.分别指出下图中各图电路的功能,并说明它们的主要区别。
(分数:12.00)_三、B/B(总题数:1,分数:12.00)3.设计一个放大器,电压放大倍数为 11,信号为正弦波,频率为 1kHz,幅度不大于 1V。
要求画出电路图,标明各元器件名称、型号及元器件参数,例如电阻阻值、功率、电容容量、耐压。
并说明选择这种元器件的理由。
(分数:12.00)_四、B/B(总题数:1,分数:12.00)由集成运放 A 及 BJT、VT 1、VT 2组成的放大电路如下图所示,分别按下列要求将信号源 uS、电阻 Rf正确接入该电路。
(分数:12.00)(。
6、ont trust the speaker any more, since his deeds are never compatible with his ideology. ( A) Suitable for ( B) consistent with ( C) in harmony with ( D) in favor of 3 To my surprise, the young man was resourceful enough to find infinite ways to express his emotions with gestures. ( A) imaginative ( B) imaginary ( C) plentiful ( D) versatile 4 In the Han Dynasty, the royal government sent special envoys to the western countries to disseminate the Chinese culture. ( A) spread ( B) disclose ( 。
7、rately ( C) irrelevantly ( D) independently 2 The work was done in the_of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres. ( A) context ( B) contest ( C) pretext ( D) texture 3 The dean tried to retain control of the situation on campus, but his attempt was_by the board of trustees. ( A) approved ( B) frustrated ( C) disclosed ( D) justified 4 Some journalists are fond of overstating the situation so that their news may create a great ( A) explosion ( B) sensation ( C) exaggeratin。
8、分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:平安险)解析:3.Cyberslacker(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:计算机懒鬼(指在工作时间偷懒用因特网做私事的人)解析:4.call the shots(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:发号施令)解析:5.Verbal Note(分数:2.00)_。
9、 use ( D) implementation 2 The patients unusual symptoms confounded even the most experienced doctor of the hospital. ( A) confused ( B) hit ( C) stimulated ( D) confronted 3 Forests are delicate systems that if disturbed can be permanently destroyed. ( A) expansive ( B) complex ( C) unusual ( D) fragile 4 The Charter had been ratified by a majority of the participants who were the ones that asked for its draft. ( A) challenged ( B) approved ( C) distributed ( D) attacked 5 As the guests en。
10、 accustomed to hearing the same shrilling Christmas carols three times an hour over the public address system. No, Christmas didnt mean much any more, except more work and headaches.I dismissed these thoughts temporarily when I saw an irate customer heading my way. I adjusted my pre-tied tie, my plastic pocket protector with the red “K-Mart“ printed on a Christmas tree background, and my plastic smile, and I was ready to meet her . 32 These days, as leaders of all nations come together mo。
11、小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do on Sunday?A. Visit a lake. B. Prepare for a test. C. Go on a picnic. 2. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At a hotel. B. In a market. C. In a restaurant. 3. Where should the woman take a bus?A. Across the street. B. On Bank street. C. Opposite the art museum. 4. How will the man get in touch with the woman?A. Through the computer. B. Through his own phone. C. Through someone elses phone. 5. Why does the man refuse to go t。
12、3.red tag day(分数:2.00)_4.industrial and commercial household(分数:2.00)_5.Best Score Award(分数:2.00)_6.photo shop(分数:2.00)_。
13、14 GPS15 NPC汉译英16 人均国内生产总值17 弱势群体18 试点项目19 租房补贴20 个税起征点21 实名购票22 渡过动荡期23 扩大共识,缩小分歧24 扩大内需,刺激消费25 变相涨价26 人肉搜索27 超前消费28 非物质文化遗产29 计算机模拟技术30 入户摸底调查英译汉31 Convenience, policy, friendship, position, influence, moneyall these are given as motives for matrimony. Typically treating such matters as property settlements, maintenance payments and child support, the prenuptial contracts function both as cultural manifestos and as alternative settlements to courtrooms. On the one hand, New York matrimonial。
14、and sparse with homes, this tranquil area 50 miles north of Houston could be a slice of heaven. ( A) molten ( B) serene ( C) isolated ( D) snobbish 3 Accommodations must be made for students with learning disabilities. ( A) criminal ( B) pump ( C) psychology ( D) lodgings 4 History was being catalogued here, the missed opportunities, blunders, and outright mistakes. ( A) attempts ( B) insults ( C) mistakes ( D) arguments 5 The press mocked his attempts to appeal to young voters. ( A) ridiculed (。
15、terminedD.industrious2.Dont trust the speaker any more, since his deeds are never compatible with his ideology.(分数:2.00)A.Suitable forB.consistent withC.in harmony withD.in favor of3.To my surprise, the young man was resourceful enough to find infinite ways to express his emotions with gestures.(分数:2.00)A.imaginativeB.imaginaryC.plentifulD.versatile4.In the Han Dynasty, the royal government sent special envoys to the western countries to disseminate the Chinese culture.(分数:2.00)A.spreadB.di。
16、00)_3.Cyberslacker(分数:2.00)_4.call the shots(分数:2.00)_5.Verbal Note(分数:2.00)_6.LCD(分数:2.00)_。
17、and sparse with homes, this tranquil area 50 miles north of Houston could be a slice of heaven. ( A) molten ( B) serene ( C) isolated ( D) snobbish 3 Accommodations must be made for students with learning disabilities. ( A) criminal ( B) pump ( C) psychology ( D) lodgings 4 History was being catalogued here, the missed opportunities, blunders, and outright mistakes. ( A) attempts ( B) insults ( C) mistakes ( D) arguments 5 The press mocked his attempts to appeal to young voters. ( A) ridiculed (。
18、fact.(分数:1.00)A.indistinctB.separateC.irrelevantD.independent2.The work was done in the _ of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.(分数:1.00)A.contextB.contestC.pretextD.texture3.The dean tried to retain control of the situation on campus, but his attempt was _ by the board of trustees.(分数:1.00)A.approvedB.frustratedC.disclosedD.justified4.Some journalists are fond of overstating the situation so that their news may create a great _.(分数:1.00)A.explosionB.sensationC.e。
19、 effective policy.(分数:0.50)A.practiceB.proceedingC.useD.implementation2.The patient“s unusual symptoms confounded even the most experienced doctor of the hospital.(分数:0.50)A.confusedB.hitC.stimulatedD.confronted3.Forests are delicate systems that if disturbed can be permanently destroyed.(分数:0.50)A.expansiveB.complexC.unusualD.fragile4.The Charter had been ratified by a majority of the participants who were the ones that asked for its draft.(分数:0.50)A.challengedB.approvedC.distributedD.attacked5。
20、权利和义务的道德和法律涵义,一、权利和义务的概念 二、权利和义务在道德和法律层面上的关系,一、权利和义务的概念,1、权利和义务的产生 2、权利和义务的定义 3、权利和义务二者的关系 4、义务与道德风俗 5、权利和义务的内容和历史发展,1、权利和义务的产生,人是自由的,所以人有各种选择和判断。
人要为自己选择的行为负责任,担当起自己选择而做出最后结果的行为的负责。
即主动承担自己行为的一切后果。
正因为如此在我们选择行动之前能通过深思熟虑自觉地分辨善恶。
人有权选择说的是权利,人也对自己的行为有负责,为自己的选择尽义务。
,2、权利义务和义务感的定义,权利是指法律上认可或伦理学上可得到辨护的权力和利益。
义务是指特定的角色要求,即主体必须或应当承担的职责。
义务感:是对一个较高的限制爱好的意志负有责任的感情。
这较高的意志不具有超人的力量,而是被个人意志内在地接受为一种以绝对权利发布命令的意志,一种在所有情况下都必须遵守的意志。
,3、权利和义务二者的关系,权利是一个人从他人那里得到某种东西的资格; 义务是为满足权利人的要求应该或必须的作为或不作为; 这个资格和要求可以是合法的也可以是合理的或二。