1、国家公共英语五级（阅读理解）练习试卷 5及答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 Since the mid-1960s Southeast Asia has faced a potentially wide-ranging security threat. Well before the events of Sep
2、tember 11, the region was enduring a slump in exports and a falloff in foreign investment as Western firms headed to China. Even Singapores economy, the regions strongest, probably shrank by 2% in 2001, while Indonesia, the weakest player, is struggling to avert a new foreign debt crisis. Now the re
3、gion is being seen overseas as a breeding ground for international terrorists. Foreign businesses have stopped sending execs to the region to explore new opportunities, while companies are beefing up security at their offices and homes. Clearly, the regions governments need to show the world they ca
4、n keep the peace. That requires achieving a tricky balancing act: Authorities must provide adequate security to foreign firms without being alarmist and scaring them off completely. Also vexing for Southeast Asian governments is how to deal with US offers of military assistance. Nations with large M
5、uslim populations cannot afford to make open appeals to the US for help. Nowhere is this more true than in Indonesia, the most likely spot for A1 Qaeda to operate. Indonesia is resisting pressure from the US because it can ill afford a nationalist revenge. Southeast Asias ailing economies wont easil
6、y weather another round of investor disenchantment. As it is, foreign businesspeople are becoming increasingly jittery. The perceived growth of radical Islam is clearly having a deleterious impact on the Indonesian economy. To be sure, the weak global economy is responsible for some of the dropoff i
7、n orders. But the numbers make grim reading. Indonesian exports fell from $3.6 billion in October to $3 billion in November, 2001, a drop of 16% in one month, according to the Central Bureau of Statistics. Foreign direct investment plunged from $1.9 billion in November, 2001 to $630 million in Decem
8、ber of the same year. Meanwhile, Indonesias domestic economy is feeling increasingly vulnerable. Wanandi, the CEO of an auto assembling company, believes the government is not doing enough! Like most Indonesians, Wanandi agrees that inviting in US troops is politically impossible. He is calling inst
9、ead for the Indonesian military to be given greater powers to crack down on militant groups. “There is a lot of competition between the army and the police,“ he says. “Thats why a lot of bombing is going on. No one is being punished.“ The trouble is, the foe is maddeningly elusive. But until the thr
10、eat fades, Southeast Asia will have to deal with declining foreign investment, jittery execs, and, in Indonesia, rising poverty and instability the very environment in which terror groups thrive. 1 The best title for this brief passage should be _. （ A） Indonesia: Grim Economic Prospects in 2002 （ B
11、） Why is Jakarta resisting US Military Aid （ C） The Link of Indonesia Terror Groups to al Qaeda （ D） Southeast Asia: Terrors New Front 2 The word “deleterious“ (Para. 4, Line 3) most probably means _. （ A） harmful （ B） noticeable （ C） decreasing （ D） benign 3 According to the passage, Indonesian gov
12、ernment is resisting pressure from the US because _. （ A） of the economic slowdown （ B） of its fear of the nationalists revenge （ C） of the dropdown in foreign investments （ D） the government is at war with the US 4 Which of the following statements is true about Wanandi? （ A） He is a government off
13、icial. （ B） He is an Islamic radical. （ C） He believes the Indonesian government should call in US troops for help. （ D） He believes the Indonesian government should keep a tight hand on the domestic trouble-making military groups. 5 With which of the following statements would the author most proba
14、bly agree? （ A） Terror groups are only likely to grow in countries with a weak domestic economy. （ B） The terror groups can be very easily identified. （ C） Government intervention is not very likely to result in the crackdown of the terror groups. （ D） The presence of terror groups will largely hind
15、er the economic growth of the Southeast Asia region. Part B Directions: In the following article some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66-70, choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the
16、 gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 5 Vicky beautiful, talented, very bright, voted “Most Likely to Succeed“ in college got a promising job with a large company after graduation. Then, after two years without promotions, she was fired. She suffered a complete nervous breakdown. “It was panic
17、,“ she told me later. “Everything had always gone so well for me that I had no experience in coping with rejection. I felt I was a failure.“ Vickys reaction is an extreme example of a common phenomenon. Our society places so much emphasis on “making it“ that we assume that any failure is bad. What w
18、e dont always recognize is that what looks like failure may, in the long run, prove beneficial. When Vicky was able to think coolly about why she was fired, for example, she realized that she was simply not suited for a job dealing with people as a copy editor, she works independently, is happy and
19、once again “successful“. 16. _ Obviously no one can be brilliant at everything. In fact, success in one area often precludes success in another. A famous politician once told me that his career had practically destroyed his marriage. “I have no time for my family,“ he explained. “I travel a lot. And
20、 even when I am home, I hardly see my wife and kids. Ive got power, money, prestige but as a husband and father, I am a flop.“ Certain kinds of success can indeed be destructive. The danger of too early success is particularly acute. I recall from my childhood a girl whose skill on ice skates marked
21、 as “Olympic material“. While the rest of us were playing, bicycling, reading and just loafing, this girl skated every day after school and all weekend. Her picture often appeared in the papers, and the rest of us envied her glamorous life. Years later, however, she spoke bitterly of those early tri
22、umphs. “I never prepared myself for anything but the ice,“ she said. “I peaked at 17 its been downhill ever since.“ 17. _ Success is also bad when its achieved at the cost of the total quality of an experience. Successful students sometimes become so obsessed with grades that they never enjoy their
23、school years. They never branch out into tempting new areas, because they dont want to risk their grade-point average. Why are so many people so afraid of failure? Simply because no one tells us how to fail so that failure becomes a growing experience. We forget that failure is part of the human con
24、dition and that “every person has the right to fail.“ 18. _ The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world. The young need to learn that no one can be best at everything, no one can win all the time and its possible to enjoy a game even w
25、hen you dont win. A child who is not invited to a birthday party, who doesnt make the honor roll or the baseball team feels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quick consolation prize or say, “It doesnt matter,“ because it does. The youngster should be allowed to experience disappoin
26、tment and then be helped to master it. Failure is never pleasant. It hurts adults and children alike. But it can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to use it. Step one is to ask, “why did I fail?“ Resist the natural impulse to blame someone else. Ask yourself what you did wrong
27、, how you can improve. If someone else can help, dont be shy about inquiring. 19. _ Success, which encourages repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as failure. You can learn from a disastrous party how to give a good one, from an ill-chosen first house what to look for in a sec
28、ond. Even a failure that seems total can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. 20. _ Though we may envy the assurance that comes with success, most of us are attracted by courage in defeat. There is what might be called the noble failure the special heroism of aiming high, doing your best an
29、d then, when that proves not enough, moving bravely on. A A friend of mine, after 12 years of studying ballet, did not succeed in becoming a dancer. She was turned down by the ballet master, who said, “you will never be a dancer. You havent the body for it.“ In such cases, the way to use failure is
30、to take stock courageously, asking, “What have I left? What else can I do?“ my friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance therapy, where she is both competent and useful. B When I was a teenager and failed to get a job Id counted on, I telephoned the interviewer to ask why. “Because you came
31、 ten minutes late,“ I was. “We cant afford employees who waste other peoples time.“ The explanation was reassuring and helpful, too. I dont think Ive been late for anything since. C As Ralph Waldo Emerson said: “A mans success is made up of failures, because he experiments and ventures every day, an
32、d the more falls he gets, moves faster on . I have heard that in horsemanship a man will never be a good rider until he is thrown; then he will not be haunted any longer by the terror that he shall tumble, and will ride whither he is bound. D Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or sh
33、ielding their children from the knowledge that they have failed. One way is to lower their standards. A mother describes her childs hastily made table as “perfect!“ even though its clumsy and unsteady. Another way is to shift blame. If John fails math, his teacher is unfair or stupid. E Success that
34、 comes too early is also damaging. The child who wins a prize for a carelessly-written essay, the adult who distinguishes himself at a first job by lucky accident faces probable disappointment when real challenges arise. F People are generally prone to what language expert Hayakawa calls “the two-va
35、lued orientation“. We talk about seeing both sides of a question as if every question had only two sides. We assume that everyone is either a success or a failure when, in fact, infinite degrees of both are possible. As Hayakawa points out, theres a world of difference “I have failed three times“ an
36、d “I am a failure“. Indeed, the words failure and success cannot be reasonably applied to a complex, living, changing human being. They can only describe the situation at a particular time and place. 国家公共英语五级（阅读理解）练习试卷 5答案与解析 Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which
37、 accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 “最佳题目 ”类的命题往往考查对文章中心意思的理解。文章写于2001年的 911事件之后，主要介绍东南亚恐怖主义组织的活动以及对该地区国家经济的负面影响， 而不是就个别国家进行介绍。作者还举例说明恐怖活动对各个国家的影响。所以作为对全 局的总结，应该是 D。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 作者在文章中指出， “The perceived growth
38、 of radical Islam is clearly having a deleterious impact on the Indonesian economy ”说明伊斯兰教极端主义组织的发展，显然会 对印度尼西亚的经济产生有害的影响。 harmful“有害的 ”，最符合题意。 noticeable“可以 注意到的 ”； decreasing“下降的，减少的 ”；benign“良性的，友好的 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 文章第三段讲，印度尼西亚被怀疑是 A1 Qaeda的活动地区。他们只能拒绝美 国的援助，因为他们怕国内民族主义者的报复。 【知识模块
39、】 阅读理解 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 答案可以在文章倒数第二段中找到。 Wanandi相信政府本身应该对国内的那些 好战组织进行更严格的控制，以改变 “No one is being punished”的现状。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题可用排除法。 “Terror groups are more likely to grow in countries with a weak domestic economy ”说法过于绝对。不是作者本意。 “The terror groups can be very easily identified.”和作
40、者说法 “the foe is maddeningly elusive”恰好相反。 “Government intervention is not very likely to result in the crackdown of the terror groups ”和作者本意不符合，作者借 Wanandi的口表示政府应该加强控制。选项 D是作者在最后一段中所表达的观点。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 Part B Directions: In the following article some paragraphs have been removed. For Questions 66-70,
41、 choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 在该空白段之前，文章主要讲述 Vicky是如何对待失败，如何把失败转化为成 功的，这是一个例子，作者也正是通过这个例子引出该文的主题，即失败与成功。而 F选
42、 项中提到了成功与失败这一主题，因 此 F为正确项。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 在该题的前一段谈到 “Certain kinds of success can indeed be destructive ”并举 例，而在该题的后一段又谈到 “Success is also bad when its achieved at the cost of the total quality of an experience ”从而可知，该空白处应是讲成功的不利之处，在 E选项中正好谈 到 “Success that comes too early is also dam
43、aging ”因此 E为正确项。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 在该空白段后一段第一句话谈到 “The trouble with failure-prevention devices is that they leave a child unequipped for life in the real world”根据这一线索，可知上文应谈到 父母是如何防止小孩失败的，而 D选项中谈到父母亲 “work hard at preventing failure”因 此 D为正确项。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 在该空白段的前一段谈到如何学
44、会利用失败，以便对你的生活产生积极的影 响。在该段的结尾处谈到 “If someone else can help， dont be shy about inquiring ”而选项 B 中作者又讲到自己在一次求职失败后，打电话询问失败的原因，因而 B选项符合。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 在该空白段的前一段结尾处谈到 “Even a failure that seems total can prompt fresh thinking， a change of direction ”而选项 A中，作者讲到自己的一个朋友如何从学习 ballet 的失败中激发起新的思想，转到 dance therapy。依照这一线索， A为正确项。 【知识模块】 阅读理解
