1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 136及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 How old is the e
3、arliest surviving examples of Chinese printing? （ A） It was produced before AD 400. （ B） It was produced before AD 200. （ C） It was produced before AD 100. （ D） It was produced before AD 50. 12 In what way is the “flexo“ process considered better than standard printing? （ A） The newspapers remain th
4、in and flexible. （ B） The presses can print larger sheets of paper. （ C） The ink is fast drying and clear. （ D） The ink can be changed and retested. 13 According to the speaker, what is a disadvantage of the “flexo“ process? （ A） Presses may get clogged with ink. （ B） Papers get smudged with old ink
5、. （ C） Reporters prefer the standard method. （ D） Machines may need to be oiled daily. 14 What is the speaker mainly discussing? （ A） Traditional European architecture. （ B） Techniques for building log cabins. （ C） The history of log structures. （ D） How to build a home yourself. 15 According to the
6、 speaker, what gives modern log homes their warm atmosphere? （ A） Their small size. （ B） Their rustic dirt floors. （ C） Their walls made up of rounded logs. （ D） Their sliding board windows. 16 According to the speaker, why were log cabins especially popular to settlers who moved west? （ A） They cou
7、ld easily build the log houses themselves. （ B） They could construct the houses from kits. （ C） They liked the cozy atmosphere of the log interior. （ D） They wanted homes that could be transported. 17 Why does the speaker refer to swimming as one of the most beneficial forms of general exercise? （ A
8、） Because no other form of exercise uses so many muscles in the body so fully. （ B） Because no other form of exercise provides so much pleasure. （ C） Because no other form of exercise is so popular. （ D） Because no other form of exercise is so competitive. 18 What group is the speaker addressing? （
9、A） Parents of swimmers. （ B） Tennis coaches. （ C） Candidates for the swimming team. （ D） Competitive runners. 19 The speaker compares competitive swimming with what sport in terms of the athletes age? （ A） Golfing. （ B） Tennis. （ C） Football. （ D） Running. 20 What does the speaker say about competit
10、ive swimming? （ A） It is a lifelong sport. （ B） It may interfere with academic studies. （ C） It does not offer many financial rewards. （ D） It is less demanding than other sports. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet
11、for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE sui
12、table word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic (31) _ in stores, restaurants, and hotels, (32)_home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services (
13、33) _as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making (34) possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch (35) is open. For many of us the “cashless society“ is not (36) _the horizon its already here. While computers offer
14、these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for (37) too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than (38) _ ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and (39)_whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods
15、 (40) showing which (41) _ are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or (42) _ goods to suppliers can then be made. Computers are relied (43) by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to(44) which products to emphasize now, (45)_ to de
16、velop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods (46) _ stock, of raw materials on (47) , and even of the production process (48) _. Numerous(49) commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and m
17、ore efficient services to consumers through the use of (50)_. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 50 Hotels were among the earliest facilities that bound the United States together. T
18、hey were both creatures and creators of communities, as well as symptoms of the frenetic quest for community. Even in the first part of the nineteenth century, Americans were already forming the habit of gathering from all corners of the nation for both public and private, business and pleasure purp
19、oses. Conventions were the new occasions, and hotels were distinctively American facilities making conventions possible. The first national convention of a major party to choose a candidate for President (that of the National Republican Party, which met on December 12, 1831, and nominated Henry Clay
20、 for President) was held in Baltimore, at a hotel that was then reputed to be the best in the country. The presence in Baltimore of Barnums City Hotel, a six-story building with two hundred apartments, helps explain why many other early national political conventions were held there. In the longer n
21、m, too, American hotels made other national conventions not only possible but pleasant and convivial. The growing custom of regularly assembling from afar the representatives of all kinds of groups not only for political conventions, but also for commercial, professional, learned, and avocational on
22、es in turn supported the multiplying hotels. By mid-twentieth century, conventions accounted for over a third of the yearly room occupancy of all hotels in the nation; about eighteen thousand different conventions were held annually with a total attendance of about ten million persons. Nineteenth-ce
23、ntury American hotelkeepers, who were no longer the genial, deferential “hosts“of the eighteenth-century European inn, became leading citizens. Holding a large stake in the community, they exercised power to make it prosper. As owners or managers of the local “palace of the public“, they were makers
24、 and shapers of a principal community attraction. Travelers from abroad were mildly shocked by this high social position. 51 The word “bound“ in line 1 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） led （ B） protected （ C） tied （ D） strengthened 52 The National Republican Party is mentioned in line 7 as an example
25、 of a group_. （ A） from Baltimore （ B） of learned people （ C） owning a hotel （ D） holding a convention 53 The word “assembling“ in line 13 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） announcing （ B） motivating （ C） gathering （ D） contracting 54 It can be inferred from the passage that early hotelkeepers in the
26、United States were （ A） active politicians （ B） European immigrants （ C） professional builders （ D） influential citizens 55 Which of the following statements about early American hotels is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Travelers from abroad did not enjoy staying in them. （ B） Conventions were h
27、eld in them. （ C） People used them for both business and pleasure. （ D） They were important to the community. 55 Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it acce
28、lerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern e
29、ra. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the end of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment.
30、 The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250, 000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them
31、 located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550, 000 were plotted outside the Cit-y limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800, 000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty
32、years lots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never occupied: there was always a huge surplus of subdivided but vacant land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation:
33、 urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carded out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and midd
34、le-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth. 56 With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? （ A） Types of m
35、ass transportation. （ B） Instability of urban life. （ C） How supply and demand determine land use. （ D） The effects of mass transportation on urban expansion. 57 The author mentions all of the following as effects of mass transportation on cities EXCEPT_. （ A） growth in city area （ B） separation of
36、commercial and residential districts （ C） changes in life in the inner city （ D） increasing standards of living 58 Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago? （ A） To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth. （ B） To show that mass transit changed many cities. （ C） To exemplify c
37、ities with and without mass transportation. （ D） To contrast their rates of growth. 59 According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion? （ A） It was expensive. （ B） It happened too slowly. （ C） It was unplanned. （ D） It created a demand for public transportation. 60 The a
38、uthor mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city_. （ A） that is large （ B） that is used as a model for land development （ C） where land development exceeded population growth （ D） with an excellent mass transportation system 60 It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the
39、 differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States. Americans divide these areas somewhat rigidly into spirit and flesh, the two being in opposition in the life of a human being. Ideally spirit should prevail but all too often it is the flesh that
40、does prevail. The Japanese make no such division, at least between one as good and the other as evil. They believe that a person has two souls, each necessary. One is the “gentle“ soul, the other is the “rough“ soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul. Sometimes he must use his rough soul. He
41、 does not favor his gentle soul, neither does he fight his rough soul. Human nature in itself is good, Japanese philosophers insist, and a human being does not need to fight any part of himself. He has only to learn how to use each soul properly at the appropriate times. Virtue for the Japanese cons
42、ists in fulfilling ones obligations to others. Happy endings, either in life or in fiction, are neither necessary nor expected, since the fulfillment of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the tragedy it inflicts. And duty includes a persons obligations to those who have conferred benefits up
43、on him and to himself as an individual of honor. He develops through this double sense of duty a self discipline which is at once permissive and rigid, depending upon the area in which it is functioning. The process of acquiring this self-discipline begins in childhood. Indeed, one may say it begins
44、 at birth. Early is the Japanese child given his own identity! If I were to define in a word the attitude of the Japanese toward their children I would put it in one succinct word-“ respect“. Love? Yes, abundance of love, warmly expressed from the moment he is put to his mothers breast. For mother a
45、nd child this nursing of her child is important psychologically. Rewards are frequent, a bit of candy bestowed at the right moment, an inexpensive toy. As the time comes to enter school, however, discipline becomes firmer. To bring shame to the family is the greatest shame for the child. What is the
46、 secret of the Japanese teaching of self-discipline? It lies, I think, in the fact that the aim or all teaching is the establishment of habit. Rules are repeated over, and continually practiced until obedience becomes instinctive. This repetition is enhanced by the expectation of the elders. They ex
47、pect a child to obey and to learn through obedience. The demand is gentle at first and tempered to the childs tender age. It is no less gentle as time goes on. but certainly it is increasingly inexorable. Now, far away from that warm Japanese home, I reflect upon what 1 learned there. What, I wonder
48、, will take the place of the web of love and discipline which for so many centuries has surrounded the life and thinking of the people of Japan? 61 The authors purpose in the passage is to_. （ A） discuss the virtue of the Japanese people （ B） compare the two souls of people （ C） describe the process
49、 of acquiring self-discipline （ D） reflect the moral feeling and standards of the Japanese people 62 According to the passage, people in Japan believe that a child is born_. （ A） with two souls which are fighting with each other （ B） basically good （ C） evil （ D） sinful 63 Based on the information in the passage, what does the Japanese emphasize in the teaching of self-discipline? （ A） One s duty. （ B） One s honour. （ C） One s permission. （ D） The two souls. 64 The author men
