1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 Professor Wang went on a lecture tour to Edinburgh. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 2 Wang visite
2、d the lake area by himself. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 3 Gross feels rather jealous Of Wang as he himself has not been able to visit Edinburgh. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 4 The British usually have more opportunities to see their country than foreign visitors. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 5 Mr. Gross has never trave
3、led by air before. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 6 It did cost Professor Wang much in taking and developing those photos. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 7 Wang is quite reluctant to show Gross his pictures. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 8 Gross says he is particularly impressed by a photo showing a castle. （ A） Right （ B） W
4、rong 9 Professor Wang enriched his experience in Britain through his trip. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong 10 Wang forgot the time and was almost late for his airplane. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. Y
5、ou will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 Why did Jim think that Joyce might be changing her name? （ A） He thought that she was planning to get married. （ B） He thought that she didnt like her name. （ C） He thought that she was not a relative of the Armstrongs. （ D） He thought that she would change t
6、o name after her mother. 12 What is the first name of the man with the horn-rimmed glasses? （ A） Armstrong. （ B） Jim. （ C） Joseph. （ D） The dialog doesnt say what it is. 13 Why did Jim leave Joyce before they had finished their conversation? （ A） He wanted to meet the young girls who were screaming.
7、 （ B） He saw someone else he had to talk to. （ C） He would like to go and get something to drink. （ D） He was responsible for looking after the little boy who was all dressed up. 14 Which of the following about pick pocketing is NOT true? （ A） It is a fast increasing crime. （ B） Its methods are impr
8、oving. （ C） Nobody is safe from a veteran pickpocket. （ D） There are about 4,000,000 victims every year. 15 What was probably the reason for discontinuing to hang a pickpocket in the 18th century? （ A） Hanging was a useless warning. （ B） It was too cruel and violent. （ C） Too many people watched the
9、 practice. （ D） Other pickpockets were only spectators. 16 Where is the least likely place for pick pocketing? （ A） Banks and supermarkets. （ B） Train and bus stations. （ C） Post offices and hospitals. （ D） Elevators and airports. 17 What is the main topic of this lecture? （ A） Bicycles and cars. （
10、B） Building codes. （ C） Energy conservation. （ D） New housing construction. 18 Why is insulation required in new houses? （ A） To limit discussion on heating bills. （ B） To prevent heat loss. （ C） To determine the temperature in homes. （ D） To convert homes to electric heat. 19 What is the purpose of
11、 building new houses facing north or south? （ A） To avoid direct sunlight. （ B） To limit space used. （ C） To keep out the cold. （ D） To conform to other houses. 20 What has the city of Davis provided for bicycle riders? （ A） Special paths. （ B） Resurfaced highways. （ C） More parking space. （ D） Bett
12、er street lighting. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE. You now have 1 minute to read Questio
13、ns 21-30. 21 Who usually take care of the elderly people in the United States? 22 In what aspect did the statistics show of aging Americans? 23 What must be provided as people live longer today than before? 24 What have the psychologists and social workers started to be as Americans are living longe
14、r than ever? 25 How do care-givers feel of their own job? 26 How many reasons for care-giving have been found by social workers? 27 What would care-givers deserve when they became old and dependent in the future? 28 Who are more likely to use community services to help care for an elderly parent? 29
15、 Why dont most people put their dependent spouses into nursing homes? 30 How did the elderly behave when they received care and attention from others? 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your
16、 answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 31 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic (31) in stores, restaurants, and hotels, (32) home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services (33) as well. More and mo
17、re of these credit cards can be read automatically, making (34) possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch (35) is open. For many of us the “cashless society“ is not (36) the horizon its already here. While computers offer these conveniences to cons
18、umers, they have many advantages for (37) too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than (38) ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and (39) whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods (40) showing which (41) are
19、 being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or (42) goods to suppliers can then be made. Computers are relied (43) by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to (44) which products to emphasize now, (45) to develop for the future, and which
20、to drop. Computers keep track of goods (46) stock, of raw materials on (47), and even of the production process (48) Numerous (49) commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers t
21、hrough the use of (50). Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 51 The “standard of living“ of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country prod
22、uces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth“ in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods “such as food and clothing, and “services“ such as transport and entertainment. A co
23、untrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal. and min
24、erals, and have a fertile soil and a favourable climate; other regions possess none of them. The U.S.A. is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders, her soil is fertile, and her climate is varied. The Sahara Desert, on the other hand, is on
25、e of the least wealthy. Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well s
26、erved by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a countrys people. Old countries that have, through many centuries, trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskil
27、led. Wealth also produces wealth. As a country becomes wealthier, its people have a large margin for saving, and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to produce more goods in their working day. A countrys standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth th
28、at is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her s
29、urplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural product that would other wise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. 51 According to the author, a nati
30、ons wealth depends upon_. （ A） its standard of living （ B） its money （ C） its ability to provide goods and services （ D） its ability to provide and transport and entertain 52 The best title for the passage would be_. （ A） The Wealth of a Country （ B） The Standard of Living （ C） The Natural Resources
31、 of a Country （ D） none of the above 53 The word “foremost“ most probably means_. （ A） firstly （ B） largely （ C） for the most part （ D） most importantly 54 The main idea of the second paragraph is that_. （ A） the U.S.A is one of the richest countries in the world （ B） the Sahara Desert is a very poo
32、r region （ C） a countrys wealth depends on many factors （ D） natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country 55 Which of the following about Britains wealth is TRUE according to the passage? （ A） Britains wealth is entirely produced and consumed within its borders. （
33、B） Britain is more dependent upon trade than any other countries in the world. （ C） Britain manufactures more than it needs for home consumption. （ D） Britains wealth lies only in what it can manufacture. 56 Mass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fun
34、damental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life, By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regi
35、ons outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the pre-modern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the end of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who could afford it could live far
36、removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for exampl
37、e, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the City limits but within the metropolitan area. Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real est
38、ate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years lots that could have housed five to six million people. Of course, many were never occupied: there was always a huge surplus of subdivided but vacant land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses
39、underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carded out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for reside
40、ntial purposes, particularly land near or outside city borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growt
41、h. 56 With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? （ A） Types of mass transportation. （ B） Instability of urban life. （ C） How supply and demand determine land use. （ D） The effects of mass transportation on urban expansion. 57 The author mentions all of the following as eff
42、ects of mass transportation on cities EXCEPT_. （ A） growth in city area （ B） separation of commercial and residential districts （ C） changes in life in the inner city （ D） increasing standards of living 58 Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago? （ A） To demonstrate positive and negative
43、 effects of growth. （ B） To show that mass transit changed many cities. （ C） To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation. （ D） To contrast their rates of growth. 59 According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion? （ A） it was expensive. （ B） It happened too
44、slowly. （ C） It was unplanned. （ D） It created a demand for public transportation. 60 The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a city_. （ A） that is large （ B） that is used as a model for land development （ C） where land development exceeded population growth （ D） with an
45、 excellent mass transportation system 61 Most people are right-handed and children usually have the same handedness as their parents. This suggests that genes are at work. But identical twins have identical genes, so genes cannot be the whole story. Cultural attitudes seem to have played an importan
46、t part in the development of hand preferences. In the past, left-handers have suffered anything from teasing to flogging. Even today in some countries enforced right-handedness, particularly for writing and eating, is still common. To explain the observed patterns of handedness, researchers have dev
47、ised what is known as a gene-culture coevolution model. The initial assumption of the model-drawn from observation of non-human primates and other mammals such as mice is that early on in human evolution, the genetic make-up of individuals inclined them to prefer one hand or the other, but that the
48、population was equally divided between right- and left-handed people. Over time, according to the model, the interaction of genes and culture has produced a state where everyone has identical genes for handedness. This would happen if, for whatever reason, right-handers were more likely to survive a
49、nd reproduce. The idea may not be that farfetched. Many biologists believe that handedness is related to brain structure say for example, early right-handers may have been better at language. The model predicts that today everyone has genes which confer a basic predisposition of 78% to be right-handed. How children actually turn out, however, can be influenced by whether their parents are dextral or sinistral. For example, children may mimic their parents. Or parents may influence the handedness of their children in the way that they
