1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 124及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 Two of the most vital function
3、s performed in any economy are _. 7 The concept of saving is said to be at least as old as _. 8 The two ways individuals use income are _. 9 If too much is spent, the economys capacity to produce will _. 10 There is a reason for companies to invest only when people _. PART C Directions: You will hea
4、r three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each
5、 piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What does the passage tell us about American rivers? （ A） All the rivers used to be very dirty. （ B） About one in three of the rivers are polluted. （ C） All the rivers are unsafe and smelly. （ D） Kids will go to the river bank to cam. 12 What did the students find when they came
6、 to the river this year? （ A） Less garbage. （ B） More garbage. （ C） More waterbirds. （ D） More swimmers. 13 What is the expected reaction of the local people to the students efforts? （ A） Sympathetic. （ B） Supportive. （ C） Dont care. （ D） Dont welome them. 14 What can the trees rings tell us? （ A） T
7、he age of the tree. （ B） The changing activities of sun. （ C） A lot more. （ D） All the above. 15 Doctor Stevenson is analyzing one element_. （ A） carbon-14 （ B） carbon-15 （ C） carbon-16 （ D） carbon-17 16 What will happen when there is more solar wind activity? （ A） Less carbon-14 is produced. （ B） M
8、ore carbon-14 is produced. （ C） None carbon-14 is produced. （ D） Nothing will happen. 17 “Migration“ in this passage means （ A） the seasonal moving of creatures. （ B） settling down in a new place. （ C） the activity controlled by magnetism. （ D） knowing where one is going and making no mistakes. 18 B
9、irds may use their eyes to measure （ A） changes in temperature to help them migrate. （ B） the position of the sun to help them migrate. （ C） periods of light to help them migrate. （ D） the distance they have traveled to help them migrate. 19 Which of the following is likely to be the thing that help
10、s all kinds of animals in their migration? （ A） Their body clock. （ B） Their eyes. （ C） The change of the season. （ D） The earths magnetism. 20 From the passage we know that the eel is a kind of （ A） bird. （ B） fish. （ C） insect. （ D） land animal. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions
11、: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 【 21】 _ to how they can best 【 22】 _ suc
12、h changes. Growing bodies need movement and 【 23】_ ,but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 【 24】 _ they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 【 25】 _ that comes from achieving su
13、ccess and knowing that their accomplishments are 【 26】_ by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with se much competition that it would be 【 27】 _ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 【 28】 _ , publishing newsletters with many student-written boo
14、k reviews, 【 29】 _ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 【 30】 _ opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 【 31】 _ dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 【 32】 _ of s
15、ome kind of organization with a supportive adult 【 33】 _ visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 【 34】_ attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 【 35】 _ participants can remain active as long as they want and then go o
16、n to 【 36】 _ else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 【 37】 _ . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 【 38】 _ they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 【 39】 _ for roles that are within their 【 40】 _ and their attention spans and by
17、shavings clearly stated rules. 21 【 21】 （ A） thought （ B） idea （ C） opinion （ D） advice 22 【 22】 （ A） strengthen （ B） accommodate （ C） stimulate （ D） enhance 23 【 23】 （ A） care （ B） nutrition （ C） exercise （ D） leisure 24 【 24】 （ A） If （ B） Although （ C） Whereas （ D） Because 25 【 25】 （ A） assistance
18、 （ B） guidance （ C） confidence （ D） tolerance 26 【 26】 （ A） claimed （ B） admired （ C） ignored （ D） surpassed 27 【 27】 （ A） improper （ B） risky （ C） fair （ D） wise 28 【 28】 （ A） in effect （ B） as a result （ C） for example （ D） in a sense 29 【 29】 （ A） displaying （ B） describing （ C） creating （ D） exc
19、hanging 30 【 30】 （ A） durable （ B） excessive （ C） surplus （ D） multiple 31 【 31】 （ A） group （ B） individual （ C） personnel （ D） corporation 32 【 32】 （ A） consent （ B） insurance （ C） admission （ D） security 33 【 33】 （ A） particularly （ B） barely （ C） definitely （ D） rarely 34 【 34】 （ A） similar （ B）
20、long （ C） different （ D） short 35 【 35】 （ A） if only （ B） now （ C） se that （ D） even if 36 【 36】 （ A） everything （ B） anything （ C） nothing （ D） something 37 【 37】 （ A） off （ B） down （ C） out （ D） alone 38 【 38】 （ A） On the contrary （ B） On the average （ C） On the whole （ D） On the other hand 39 【 3
21、9】 （ A） making （ B） standing （ C） planning （ D） taking 40 【 40】 （ A） capabilities （ B） responsibilities （ C） proficiency （ D） efficiency Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 It is cur
22、ious to note how slowly the mechanism of the intellectual life improves. Contrast the ordinary library facilities of a middle-class English home with the inconveniences of the equipment of an Alexandrian writer, and one realizes the enormous waste of time, physical exertion, and attention that went
23、on through all the centuries during which the library flourished. Before the present writer lies half a dozen books, and there are good indices to them. He can pick up any one of these six books, refer quickly to a statement, verify a quotation, and go on writing. In contrast with the tedious unfold
24、ing of a rolled manuscript, close at hand are two encyclopedias, a dictionary, an atlas of the world, a biographical dictionary, and other books of reference. However, there were no such resources in the world in 300 B.C. Alexandria had still to produce the first grammar and the first dictionary. Th
25、e present writer writes a book in manuscript; then the book is typed out very accurately by a typist. It can then, with the utmost convenience, be read over, corrected amply, rearranged freely, retyped, and reconnected. The Alexandrian author had to dictate or recopy every word he wrote. Before he c
26、ould mm back to what he had written previously, he had to dry his last words by waving them in the air or pouring sand over them; he had not even blotting-paper. Whatever an author wrote had to be recopied again and again before it could reach any considerable circle of readers, and every copyist in
27、troduced some new error. New books were dictated to a roomful of copyists, and so issued in a first edition of some hundreds at least. Whenever a need for maps or diagrams arose, there were fresh difficulties. Such a science as anatomy, for example, depending upon accurate drawing, must have been en
28、ormously hampered by the natural limitations of the copyist. The transmission of geographical fact again must have been almost incredibly tedious. 41 The best title for this passage might be （ A） The Difficulties of Alexandrian Writers. （ B） The Advance of Writing and Publishing Since Alexandrian Ti
29、me. （ C） The Inadequacies of Ancient and Modern Times. （ D） Writing and Publishing. 42 According to this passage, books written in Alexandria were （ A） each produced one at a time. （ B） produced with excellent maps and diagrams because of the care expended upon them by copyists. （ C） necessarily pro
30、duced by dictation. （ D） severely limited in output because of technical difficulties. 43 In writing about his subject, the writer apparently （ A） wants to share his interests in his discoveries about the intellectual life with his reader. （ B） persuades his readers to cherish the advantage of writi
31、ng and copying in modern times. （ C） introduces the fact that he is economically secure. （ D） is a practical historian who sticks to established facts. 44 When an Alexandrian wrote a book, （ A） encyclopedias are close at hand. （ B） he can refer to a biographical dictionary. （ C） he may recopy every
32、word he wrote. （ D） he can ask a copyist to help him to write. 45 What does the word “tedious“ (Line 3, Para. 2) mean? （ A） Interesting and wonderful. （ B） Necessary. （ C） Brief. （ D） Long and uninteresting. 45 One important aspect of retirement for most people is deciding where to live. In the past
33、, this was not an issue because most elderly persons remained at home where they could be close to family. In contemporary times, parents and grown children go their separate ways, staying in touch through the telephone and, more recently, through e-mail. Every year, more than 400,000 adults who are
34、 55 or older move out of their home state and relocate. Florida leads all states in the proportion of elderly people-19 percent over 65 years of age, most of whom relocated from other places. Thus, Florida cities have become known as retirement centers. Among those prominently mentioned are Boca Rat
35、on, Daytona Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Naples, and Ocala where between 20 and 25 percent of the residents is over 65 years of age. Two other Florida cities, Saint Petersburg and Sarasota, have even higher proportions-25 percent and 32 percent respectively. Other cities that have gained repu
36、tations as retirement centers with large number of elderly are Savannah, Georgia, Prescott and Scottsdale, Arizona, Palm Springs, California, and Asheville, North Carolina. Even tourist centers like Las Vegas and Reno, Nevada, where residents pay no income tax and no inheritance or estate taxes, are
37、 attracting growing numbers of seniors. There are also many smaller private development communities that are-packaged as state-of-the-art retirement communities with such amenities as golf courses, lakes for fishing and boating, cultural and recreation activities. They go by such names as Sun City G
38、rand near Phoenix, Arizona, Sun City Palm Desert near Palm Springs California, Sun City Summerland near Las Vegas, Nevada, and Fords Colony close to Williamsburg, Virginia among others. To the extent that the proportion of retired elderly people in towns and regions continues to grow, certain conseq
39、uences tend to follow. Where such communities are essentially residential, their revenue base depends largely on the individual wealth of their residents. For this reason, the economies of such communities are becoming increasingly dependent on the rise and fall of pensions, Social Security, and Med
40、icare payments. Retirees are also likely to block future industrial development efforts since their priorities emphasize nice climate and attractive places to live and recreate. They are inclined to reject the noise and congestion that comes with new factories and the jobs they bring to the economy.
41、 46 Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage? （ A） Retired People. （ B） Retirement Centers. （ C） The Increase of Aging Population. （ D） A Demographic Trend. 47 According to the passage, there are a growing number of aged people relocating their homes because （ A） they do n
42、ot need to pay taxes. （ B） they could not get along with their neighbors. （ C） they do net live close to their own children. （ D） they want to live their own way of life. 48 The words in the following mean the same thing EXCEPT for （ A） Retirement centers. （ B） Retirement sites. （ C） Retirement stat
43、e. （ D） Retirement communities. 49 What does the word “amenities“ in Paragraph 3 mean? （ A） Things that make life easy and pleasant. （ B） Activities. （ C） Interests. （ D） Agreeable features of places. 50 From the last paragraph it can be concluded that the continuous growth of retired people （ A） wi
44、ll contradict future industrial development. （ B） will stabilize the economies of such communities. （ C） will spoil the relationship between the elderly and the young. （ D） will be good for tourist industry. 50 As is the case in many cultures, the degree to which a minority group was seen as differe
45、nt from the characteristics of the dominant majority determined the extent of that groups acceptance. Immigrants who were like the earlier settlers were accepted. The large numbers of immigrants with significantly different characteristics tended to be viewed as a threat to basic American values and
46、 the American way of life. This was particularly true of the immigrants who arrived by the million during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Most of them came from poverty-stricken nations of southern and eastern Europe. They spoke languages other than English, and large numbers of t
47、hem were Catholics or Jews. Americans at the time were very fearful of this new flood of immigrants. They were afraid that these people were so accustomed to lives of poverty and dependence that they would not understand such basic American values as freedom, self-reliance and competition. There wer
48、e so many new immigrants that they might even change the basic values of the nation in undesirable ways. Americans tried to meet what they saw as a threat to their values by offering English instruction for the new immigrants and citizenship classes to teach them basic American beliefs. The immigran
49、ts, however, often felt that their American teachers disapproved of the traditions of their homeland. Moreover, learning about American values gave them little help in meeting their most important needs such as employment, food, and a place to live. Far more helpful to the new immigrants were the “political bosses“ of the larger cities of the northeastern United States, where most of the immigrants first arrived. Those bosses
