1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 133及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 There are a lot of tourists in
3、 summer, so they take_. 7 I lived in a little house _. 8 I had to be at work at 7:30 to _. 9 I wore a pair of shoes with _. 10 After a whole days work, I was _. PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the q
4、uestions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 When will conferences be held? （ A） Immediately. （ B） The following week. （ C） In two w
5、eeks. （ D） At the end of the semester. 12 What is the purpose of the conference? （ A） To present final papers. （ B） To give a model of outline style. （ C） To discuss the preliminary outline. （ D） To discuss final grades. 13 According to the speaker, how should the outline begin? （ A） With a thesis s
6、tatement. （ B） With a list of references. （ C） With a summary of the conference. （ D） With the students name. 14 According to the speaker, what is one of the advantages of girls? （ A） They have better ideas about objects and their relationships. （ B） They have more flexible hands and eyes. （ C） They
7、 can see better than boys at night. （ D） They can express their emotions better than boys. 15 What is the difference between boys and girls brains? （ A） Boys left brains are better developed than girls. （ B） Girls left brains are better developed than boys. （ C） Different parts in each side of the b
8、rain develop differently in boys and girls. （ D） Areas in each side of the brain develop similarly in boys and girls. 16 Why is the flow of information between the two halves of a mans brain more restricted than that of a womans? （ A） Because there are more nerves connected the two sides of a womans
9、 brain. （ B） Because there are more nerve cells in a womans brain. （ C） Because there are more barriers between the two sides of a mans brain. （ D） Because men are influenced by their other abilities. 17 When we have done something wrong, we should （ A） look honest and think over the fault carefully
10、. （ B） escape from being disturbed. （ C） admit the fault and express the regret. （ D） forgive ourselves. 18 What was the cause of the patients disease? （ A） Headaches. （ B） Stomach trouble. （ C） Disturbance of conscience. （ D） Some unknown physical weakness. 19 What had the patient clone to his brot
11、her? （ A） He had sent his brother abroad. （ B） He had cheated his brother out of his inheritance. （ C） He had given just a little share of the inheritance to his brother. （ D） He had gone abroad leaving his brother nothing. 20 The patient was cured by （ A） writing a letter. （ B） enclosing a cheque.
12、（ C） mailing a letter. （ D） asking his brother to forgive him. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Since the 【 21】 _ of the National Environmental Policies Act in 1969,
13、 the United States Congress, legislature at the federal level, has 【 22】 _ a series of laws designed to prevent the air and water pollution and to 【 23】 _ noise. At the same time, legislatures at the state 【 24】 _ have also been active in this area, and many states have laws that are similar to the
14、federal laws. 【 25】 _ ,a state law must not conflict with a federal 【 26】 _ or 【 27】 _ an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce. The city of Burbank in California adopted an ordinance 【 28】 _ the nighttime takeoffs of jet aircraft between 10 p.m and 7 a.m. Lockheed owned and operated the Burban
15、k Airport. It 【 29】 _ Brubank to prevent the enforcement of the ordinance. The judgment is 【 30】 _ Lockheed. The federal government of the United States has passed laws 【 31】 _ aviation and noise in the federal Aviation Act of 1958 and the Noise Control Act of 972. Such legislation preempted the fie
16、ld and 【 32】 _ state action, because 【 33】 _ regulations would place an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce. If each airport had its own landing time 【 34】 _ , it would be very difficult to plan flights. Moreover the bunching of flights to 【 35】 _ local curfews would produce even greater nois
17、e and would increase the danger of 【 36】 _ by increasing traffic 【 37】 _ . From the nature of aviation 【 38】 _ , a single national control was essential. As a local regulation, the 【 39】 _ prohibiting nighttime takeoffs adopted by the City of Burbank was 【 40】 _ declared illegal. 21 【 21】 （ A） enfor
18、cement （ B） enhancement （ C） enjoyment （ D） engagement 22 【 22】 （ A） adapted （ B） adept （ C） adopted （ D） adjusted 23 【 23】 （ A） subtract （ B） decrease （ C） lower （ D） reduce 24 【 24】 （ A） standard （ B） level （ C） layer （ D） administration 25 【 25】 （ A） Therefore （ B） Moreover （ C） Although （ D） How
19、ever 26 【 26】 （ A） statue （ B） statute （ C） stature （ D） status 27 【 27】 （ A） pose （ B） expose （ C） dispose （ D） impose 28 【 28】 （ A） prohibit to （ B） prohibit （ C） prohibiting （ D） prohibited 29 【 29】 （ A） sued （ B） accused （ C） charged （ D） complained 30 【 30】 （ A） favorable （ B） unfavorable （ C）
20、for （ D） against 31 【 31】 （ A） consider （ B） considering （ C） considerate （ D） considerable 32 【 32】 （ A） included （ B） involved （ C） excluded （ D） extended 33 【 33】 （ A） national （ B） federal （ C） external （ D） local 34 【 34】 （ A） plans （ B） schedules （ C） charts （ D） arrangements 35 【 35】 （ A） sto
21、p （ B） escape （ C） avoid （ D） flee 36 【 36】 （ A） collision （ B） crash （ C） crack （ D） collapse 37 【 37】 （ A） number （ B） capacity （ C） airlines （ D） density 38 【 38】 （ A） activity （ B） act （ C） action （ D） movement 39 【 39】 （ A） order （ B） ordinance （ C） constitution （ D） regulations 40 【 40】 （ A） o
22、therwise （ B） still （ C） furthermore （ D） therefore Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined. C. R. Barnes ha
23、s suggested that it is as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. Certain it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that arc usable by the plant must be dissol
24、ved in the soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plant and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state. The carbon dioxide (CO2 ) from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before
25、 it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars -the base material from which the plant body is mainly built. Actively growing plant parts are generally 75% to 90% water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, may have much less water than growing
26、tissues. The actual amount of water in the plant at ashy one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development. The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined - in the presence of chlorophyll and with energy derived from light-
27、 to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves. The leaf surface is not solid but contains great numbers of minute openings, through which the carbon dioxide enters. The same structure that permits the one gas to enter the leaf, however, p
28、ermits another gas - water vapor - to be lost from it. Since carbon dioxide is present in the air only in trace quantities (3 to 4 parts in 10,000 parts of air) and water vapor is near saturation in the air spaces within the leaf (at 80F, saturated air would contain about 186 parts of water vapor in
29、 10,000 parts of air), the total amount of water vapor lost is many times the carbon dioxide intake. Actually, because of wind and other factors, the loss of water in proportion to carbon dioxide intake may be even greater than the relative concentrations of the two gases. Also, not all of the carbo
30、n dioxide that enters the leaf is synthesized into carbohydrates. 41 A growing plant needs water for all of the following EXCEPT _. （ A） forming sugars （ B） sustaining woody stems （ C） keeping green （ D） producing carbon dioxide 42 The essential function of photosynthesis in terms of plant needs is
31、_. （ A） to form sugars （ B） to derive energy from light （ C） to preserve water （ D） to combine carbon dioxide with water 43 The second paragraph uses facts to develop the essential idea that _. （ A） a plant efficiently utilizes most of the water it absorbs （ B） carbon dioxide is the essential substa
32、nce needed for plant development （ C） a plant needs more water than is found in its composition （ D） the stronger the wind, the more the water vapor loss 44 According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The mineral elements will not be absorbed by the plant unless they ar
33、e dissolved in its root. （ B） The woody stems contain more water than the leaves. （ C） Air existing around the leaf is found to be saturated. （ D） Only part of the carbon dioxide in the plant is synthesized. 45 This passage is mainly about _. （ A） the functions of carbon dioxide and water （ B） the r
34、ole of water in a growing plant （ C） the process of simple sugar formation （ D） the synthesis of water with carbon dioxide 45 Ever since AL Gore invented it, the Internet has been a paradise for those with a creative attitude to facts. Students, for example, commission and sell essays with such ease
35、 there that online “paper mills“ devoted to this trade are one of the few dotcom business models still thriving. With a few clicks of a mouse, a student can contract out any academic chore to “research“ sites such as Gradersaver. com or the Evil House of Cheating. One market opportunity, however, fr
36、equently creates another. The past few months have seen a rapid rise in interest in software designed to catch the cheats. The subscriber base of Turnitin, a leading anti-plagiarism software house based in Oakland, California, has risen by 25% since the beginning of the year. Around 150,000 students
37、 in America alone are under its beady electronic eye. And in Britain, the Joint Information Systems Committee, the unit responsible for advising the countrys universities on information technology, has tested the firms software in five colleges. If everything goes well, every university lecturer in
38、the country will soon be able to inspect his students submissions with it. Turnitins software chops each paper submitted for scrutiny into small pieces of text. The resulting “digital fingerprint“ is compared, using statistical techniques originally designed to analyze brain waves (John Barrie, the
39、firms founder, was previously a biophysicist), to more than a billion documents that have been fingerprinted in a similar fashion. These include the contents of online paper mills. The classics of literature and the firms own archive of all submitted term papers, as well as a snapshot of the current
40、 contents of the World Wide Web. Whenever a matching pattern is found, the software makes a note. After highlighting instances of replication, or obvious paraphrasing( according to Turnitin, some 30% of submitted papers are “less than original“), the computer running the software returns the annotat
41、ed document to the teacher who originally submitted it - leaving him with the final decision on what is and is not permissible. Which teachers and institutions will choose to employ such software? Past research has shown that, perhaps surprisingly, academic dishonesty correlates with high academic a
42、chievement. Nor is public exposure of widespread cheating likely to polish a universitys reputation. Universities with the highest-achieving students and the most faultless reputations may therefore have the must to lose from anti-plagiarism software. Indeed, a curious pattern has emerged among Turn
43、itins clients: good universities, such as Duke, Rutgers and Cornell, employ it. Those that like to think of themselves as top-notch, such as Princeton, Yale and Stanford, do not. According to Dr. Barrie, “You apply our technology at Harvard and it would be like a nuclear bomb going off.“ 46 From par
44、agraph 1, we can learn that _. （ A） with Internet, students may find it even more difficult to do research work （ B） Internet has provided the students a rich source of materials for paper compiling （ C） Internet has beat the companies devoting to academic cheating greatly （ D） the invention of Inte
45、rnet has created great opportunity for academic cheating 47 According to the passage, the great development of Turnitin is due to _. （ A） its superb management （ B） the thriving of academic cheating （ C） its big electronic eye （ D） the test of its software by the Joint Information Systems Committee
46、48 It can be inferred from the passage that the most possible cheaters are _. （ A） students in good universities as Duke; Rutgers and Cornell （ B） students in top universities as Princeton, Yale and Stanford （ C） students who can use the anti-plagiarism software （ D） students who need to compile aca
47、demic paper 49 We can infer from the last sentence of the passage that _. （ A） Turuitins anti-plagiarism software can be well-accepted by Harvard University （ B） the anti-plagiarism software may create some computer virus which is like nuclear bomb in Harvard University （ C） there must be much acade
48、mic cheating in Harvard University in Dr. Barries opinion （ D） Harvard University will adopt the software in a short time 50 According to the passage, the authors attitude towards Turnitins anti-plagiarism software may be said to be _. （ A） doubtful （ B） indifferent （ C） objective （ D） favorable 50
49、Changes in regional climate brought about by large-scale deforestation in the eastern lowlands of Central America are affecting weather downwind in the mountains, imperiling ecosystems there. The so-called cloud forests of Monteverde lie along the crest of Costa Ricas Cordillera de Tilaran mountains. These habitats rely on the almost perpetual fog that forms
