1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 142及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 What subject did Fred stay up all night preparing for? 2 Most of the research about the link between coffee and heart disease is _. 3 Without caffeine, people will suffer draw _. 4 4. Studies have shown that coffee makes you work faster but not
3、necessarily _. 5 12 ounces of soda has only half the caffeine of a 5 ounces cup of _. PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6
4、 WTO is the successor to _. 7 Merchandise exports grew on average by _. 8 The first rounds dealt mainly with _. 9 The last round - the 1986-1994 Uruguary Round led to _. 10 In 2000, new talks started on _. PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one,
5、you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Why is American music so popular in all co
6、untries? （ A） Because it bas simple themes. （ B） Because the lyrics are in English. （ C） Because it depicts the feelings of the common people. （ D） Because it has a fast pace and rhythmic beat. 12 What is TRUE of country music? （ A） Its performers are from rural areas of the south U.S. （ B） It depic
7、ts the sad feelings of country people. （ C） Its style is influenced by the blues. （ D） It has melodies describing everyday situation of country people. 13 Which kind of music reflects the difficult lives of American blacks? （ A） Country music. （ B） The blues. （ C） Rock music. （ D） Disco music. 14 Th
8、e author mentions September 11 to demonstrate （ A） the change of Americans attitude toward Afghanistan （ B） the necessity for university students to better understand foreign culture （ C） the fact that Afghanistan is affecting Americans life （ D） the urgency for university students to understand Afg
9、hanistan issue 15 The author believes that todays universities _. （ A） must give their students a better grasp of science and foreign culture （ B） should seek to meet the challenge of greater global integration （ C） need to adapt to the challenge of more advanced science （ D） are fully qualified to
10、serve oar society 16 The best title for this passage would be _. （ A） Role of Universities （ B） Serving Our Society （ C） Pursuing Diversity （ D） New Assignment for Universities 17 According to the investigation, who is likely to have nightmares? （ A） People with a taste for science fiction. （ B） Peo
11、ple who read thrillers. （ C） Women who like to read. （ D） Children who are able to read. 18 What did the psychologist confirm in the survey? （ A） The novels has nothing to do with our real life. （ B） Books are literally the stuff of dreams. （ C） There is no link between the waking world and dream. （
12、 D） Women had more nightmares than men do. 19 Who dreamed less and have fewer nightmares? （ A） Women. （ B） Men. （ C） The old. （ D） Children. 20 Whats the percentage of children who thought their dreams were affected by the books they have been reading? （ A） 58%. （ B） 44%. （ C） 33%. （ D） 50%. 一、 Sect
13、ion II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Among the devastating consequences of AIDS has 【 21】 _ its epidemic spread in the developing world. The disease has caused 【 22】 _ sufferin
14、g, debilitation, loss of life and disruption of family, social and economic 【 23】 _ Because of the considerable expense and logistical difficulty in providing antiviral drugs to populations 【 24】 _ with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus 【 25】_ the world, the biomedical community is looking towards va
15、ccines to help solve this compelling problem. The search for an AIDS vaccine began more than 15 years ago with great 【 26】_ and high expectations. With the 【 27】 _ of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS, it seemed that a 【 28】 _ would follow closely behind. But despite a larg
16、e concerted effort, the problem has proven more difficult than 【 29】 _ , and progress has not 【 30】 _ the 【 31】_ hopes. Here I review the 【 32】 _ scientific obstacles confronting the development of an effective HIV vaccine, and I consider 【 33】 _ strategies to overcome these obstacles. It is instruc
17、tive to consider the circumstances that have 【 34】 _ to past successes in vaccine development. The smallpox vaccine is 【 35】 _ the most successful inventions in the history of 【 36】 _ Why, 200 years ago, without the benefit of modern biotechnology, did the smallpox vaccine succeed so readily while a
18、n AIDS vaccine 【 37】 _ elusive? The answer lies in an experiment of nature that provided, to an astute observer, a clear direction for smallpox vaccine development. In this classic story of 【 38】 _ discovery, Edward Jennet noticed that milk maids who had previously contracted cowpox were 【 39】 _ to
19、smallpox infection. This observation was the critical event leading to the finding that the cowpox virus cross-reacted immunologically with the smallpox virus and could 【 40】 _ be used to protect against smallpox. 21 【 21】 （ A） on （ B） with （ C） been （ D） about 22 【 22】 （ A） unpredicted （ B） uncontr
20、ollable （ C） unimaginable （ D） unprecedented 23 【 23】 （ A） stability （ B） instability （ C） permanency （ D） soundness 24 【 24】 （ A） harmed （ B） infected （ C） infectious （ D） infectable 25 【 25】 （ A） everywhere （ B） throughout （ C） devastating （ D） occupying 26 【 26】 （ A） difficulty （ B） concern （ C）
21、optimism （ D） pessimism 27 【 27】 （ A） confirmation （ B） identification （ C） information （ D） precaution 28 【 28】 （ A） cure （ B） capsule （ C） medication （ D） vaccine 29 【 29】 （ A） ever （ B） anticipated （ C） possible （ D） necessary 30 【 30】 （ A） surpassed （ B） out-balanced （ C） matched （ D） rivaled 31
22、 【 31】 （ A） origin （ B） initial （ C） great （ D） modest 32 【 32】 （ A） majority （ B） primary （ C） principal （ D） premier 33 【 33】 （ A） potential （ B） initiative （ C） practical （ D） existing 34 【 34】 （ A） led （ B） caused （ C） contributed （ D） cooperated 35 【 35】 （ A） by far （ B） till now （ C） among （ D
23、） considered 36 【 36】 （ A） vaccine （ B） medicine （ C） smallpox （ D） AIDS 37 【 37】 （ A） slowly （ B） fails （ C） remains （ D） counts 38 【 38】 （ A） accidental （ B） importance （ C） scientific （ D） vaccine 39 【 39】 （ A） vulnerable （ B） resistant （ C） opposing （ D） defendant 40 【 40】 （ A） safely （ B） there
24、fore （ C） as well （ D） possibly Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Languages will continue to diverge. Even if English were to become the universal language, it would still take man
25、y different forms. Indeed the same could happen to English as has happened to Chinese: a language of intellectuals which doesnt vary hugely alongside a large number of variants used by local peoples; We will continue to teach other languages in some form, and not just for reasons of practicality. Le
26、arning a language is good for your mental health; it forces you to understand another cultural and intellectual system. So I hope British education will develop a more rational approach to the foreign languages available to students in line with their political importance. Because so many people bel
27、ieve its no longer important to know another language, I fear that time devoted to language teaching in schools may well continue to decline. But you can argue that learning another language well is more taxing than, say, learning to play chess well - it involves sensitivity to a set of complicated
28、rules, and also to context. Technology will certainly make a difference to the use of foreign languages. Computers may, for instance, alleviate the drudgery that a vast translation represents. But no one who has seen a computer translation will think it can substitute for knowledge of the different
29、languages. A machine will always be behind the times. Still more important is the fact that no computer will ever get at the associations beyond the words associations that may not be expressed but which carry much of the meaning. In languages like Arabic the context is very important. Languages com
30、e with heavy cultural baggage too - in French or German if you missed the cultural references behind a word youre very likely to be missing the meaning. It will be very hard to teach all that to a computer. All the predictions are that English will be spoken by a declining proportion of the worlds p
31、opulation in the 21st century. I dont think foreign languages will really become less important, but they might be perceived to be - and that would in the end be a very bad thing. 41 From Paragraph 1 we can infer that _. （ A） English is the universal language （ B） Chinese would become the universal
32、language （ C） languages always take kinds of forms （ D） English has no variants, but Chinese does 42 Which of the following is TRUE? （ A） If a language is not good for practicality, we can drop it. （ B） We can understand another cultural and intellectual system by learning language. （ C） Time devote
33、d to language teaching has never declined. （ D） We should spend more time in learning language than playing chess. 43 Why cant a computer translation substitute for knowledge of different languages? （ A） Because computer can alleviate much drudgery. （ B） Because computer is always behind the times.
34、（ C） Because computer cant get the inner meaning of words. （ D） Because computer has no sensation. 44 What does the author mean by “that would in the end be a very bad thing“? （ A） Less and less people will use English. （ B） Foreign languages will become less important. （ C） Foreign languages will b
35、e perceived less important. （ D） We must realize the importance of foreign languages. 45 Which is the best title of the passage? （ A） Learning Foreign Languages （ B） Language Continuing to Diverge （ C） The Limitation of Technology in Learning Foreign Language （ D） The Inner Meaning of Words 45 To pr
36、oduce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860s to the mid-1880s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher,
37、more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive “Young Yale“ movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a
38、 broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the colleges poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and
39、 a new sense of public duty. The old-style classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasure of Harvard, led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the
40、 first years of Dr. Eliots administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, a
41、nd the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872 - 1873 and 1876 1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen
42、 and less as young animals. One new course of study after another was opened up: science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philology, and international law. 46 Which of the following is the authors main purpose in writing the passage? （ A）
43、To present the history of Harvard College and compare it with that of Yale University. （ B） To criticize the conditions of the U. S. universities in the 19th century. （ C） To describe innovations in the U. S. higher education in the late 180Os. （ D） To introduce what was happening in major U. S. uni
44、versities before the turn of the century. 47 According to the passage, the educational changes were the result of _. （ A） plans developed by conservative and church leaders （ B） efforts of interested individuals to redefine the educational system （ C） the demands of social organization seeking finan
45、cial relief （ D） rallies held by westerners wanting to compete with eastern schools 48 Before the change, Harvard _. （ A） was short of financial aid （ B） offered a narrower range of subjects （ C） was not strict with its students （ D） All of the above. 49 From the passage, which of the following can
46、be inferred about Harvard College before progressive changes occurred? （ A） Admission standards were lower. （ B） Students were younger. （ C） Classes ended earlier. （ D） Courses were more practical. 50 Which of the following is NOT included in Dr. Eliots reform program? （ A） Diversification of the co
47、urses offered. （ B） Elevation of the admissions standards. （ C） Enlargement of the enrollment. （ D） Enforced professional training in some field. 50 Its not technology that will determine the shape of land transport so much as political, economic and environmental considerations. We can build strong
48、er, quieter roads with better skid resistance now, but we dont because of the cost. The environmental lobby has had a huge impact on car manufacturers and emission control has improved a lot. But theres still some way to go on the air pollution front, particularly for lorries which run on diesel fue
49、l, which is bad because of its particulate emission when it is burnt. Cars and lorries could be driven by electric motors if fuel-cells, which convert fuel into electricity without burning it, can be made more efficient. However, theyve been advertised for a generation and have never really met expectations. American domination of the automotive industry makes rapid p
