1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 The two poems were written betw
3、een_. 7 Traditionally, its believed that the author is_. 8 The Analysts argued that the poems were written by_. 9 According to the Unitarian, the _ of the character in the poems proved that the Iliad and the Odyssey could have been the work of a single poetic genius. 10 Milman Parry first presented
4、his ideas about Homer in the_. PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 sec
5、onds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the topic of this passage? （ A） The largest library in the United States. （ B） A special system for numbering books. （ C） Finding books in a library. （ D） Finding a needle in a haystack. 12 Which is the larges
6、t public library in the United States? （ A） The Library of Congress. （ B） The Harvard University Library. （ C） The Chicago Public Library. （ D） The New York Public Library. 13 How do librarians keep books in order? （ A） They arrange the books in alphabetical order. （ B） They put the books into a car
7、d catalogue. （ C） They give a number to each book. （ D） They put the books on the shelves. 14 The consequence of the Gulf War that has called the concerns of the scientists is _. （ A） The threat of poisonous desert animals and plants. （ B） The exhaustion of energy resources. （ C） The destruction of
8、oil wells. （ D） The spread of the black powder from the rims. 15 What was the good news for scientists? （ A） The underground oil resources have not been affected. （ B） Most of the desert animals and plants have managed to survive. （ C） The oil lakes soon dried up and stopped evaporating. （ D） The un
9、derground water resources have not been polluted. 16 What are the officials puzzled at now? （ A） How to restore the normal production of the oil wells. （ B） How to estimate the losses caused by the fires. （ C） How to remove the oil left in the desert. （ D） How to use the oil left in the oil lakes. 1
10、7 What does the speaker say about the road between Maine and Quebec? （ A） It was built by the Canadians. （ B） It was built to facilitate trade. （ C） The path for the road was extremely difficult to clear. （ D） Hostilities between Canada and the United States caused construction delays. 18 What is on
11、e reason Canadians began to immigrate to Maine during the 1800s? （ A） Maine was less influenced by the French government. （ B） Maine had better employment opportunities. （ C） Maine was politically stable. （ D） Marine had a better climate. 19 What can be inferred about the region including Maine and
12、Quebec during the early 1800s? （ A） The area was economically unified. （ B） The authorities were unable to enforce law and order. （ C） The two governments fought for control of the area. （ D） Most of the people living there spoke only French. 20 What subject is the speaker most likely to discuss nex
13、t? （ A） The latest practices of accurate mapmaking. （ B） The impact of epidemics on mass migration. （ C） The advantages of establishing international trade agreements. （ D） The technology used to locate the Old Canada Road. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following tex
14、t. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 21 Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 【 21】_ the turn of the century when jazz (爵士乐 ) was born, America had no prominent 【 22】 _ of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was 【
15、 23】 _ , or by whom. But it began to be 【 24】 _ in the early 1900s. Jazz is Americas contribution to 【 25】 _ music. In contrast to classical music, which 【 26】_ formal European traditions. Jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, 【 27】 _ moods, interests, and emotions of the people
16、. In the 1920s, jazz 【 28】 _ like America. And 【 29】 _ it does today. The 【 30】 _ of this music are as interesting as the music 【 31】 _ , American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today were the Jazz 【 32】 _ . They were brought to the Southern states 【 33】 _ slaves. They were sold to plantatio
17、n owners and forced to work long 【 34】 _ . When a Negro died, his friends and relatives 【 35】 _ a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the 【 36】 _ . On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion, 【 37】 _ on the
18、way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their 【 38】 _ , but the living were glad to be alive. The band played 【 39】 _ music, improvising (即兴表演 ) on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes 【 40】 _ at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early
19、 form of Jazz. 21 【 21】 （ A） Before （ B） At （ C） In （ D） On 22 【 22】 （ A） music （ B） song （ C） melody （ D） style 23 【 23】 （ A） discovered （ B） acted （ C） invented （ D） designed 24 【 24】 （ A） noticed （ B） found （ C） listened （ D） heard 25 【 25】 （ A） classical （ B） sacred （ C） popular （ D） light 26 【
20、26】 （ A） forms （ B） follows （ C） approaches （ D） introduces 27 【 27】 （ A） expressing （ B） explaining （ C） exposing （ D） illustrating 28 【 28】 （ A） appeared （ B） felt （ C） seemed （ D） sounded 29 【 29】 （ A） as （ B） so （ C） either （ D） neither 30 【 30】 （ A） origins （ B） originals （ C） discoveries （ D）
21、resources 31 【 31】 （ A） concerned （ B） itself （ C） available （ D） oneself 32 【 32】 （ A） players （ B） followers （ C） fans （ D） pioneers 33 【 33】 （ A） for （ B） as （ C） with （ D） by 34 【 34】 （ A） months （ B） weeks （ C） hours （ D） times 35 【 35】 （ A） demonstrated （ B） composed （ C） hosted （ D） formed 36
22、 【 36】 （ A） demonstration （ B） procession （ C） body （ D） march 37 【 37】 （ A） Even （ B） Therefore （ C） Furthermore （ D） But 38 【 38】 （ A） number （ B） members （ C） body （ D） relations 39 【 39】 （ A） sad （ B） solemn （ C） happy （ D） funeral 40 【 40】 （ A） whistled （ B） sung （ C） presented （ D） showed Part
23、 B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 41 The war was the most peaceful period of my life. The window of my bedroom faced southeast. My mother had curtained it, but that had small effect. I al
24、ways woke up with the first light and, with all the responsibilities of the previous day melted, felt myself rather like the sun, ready to shine and feel joy. Life never seemed so Simple and clear and full of possibilities as then. I stuck my feet out under the sheets-I called them Mrs. Left and Mrs
25、. Right-and invented dramatic situations for them in which they discussed the problems of the day. At least Mrs. Right did; she easily showed her feelings, but I didnt have the same control of Mrs. Left, so she mostly contented herself with nodding agreement. They discussed what mother and I should
26、do during the day, what Santa Claus should give a fellow for Christmas, and what steps should be taken to brighten the home. There was that little matter of the baby, for instance. Mother and I could never agree about that. Ours was the only house in the neighborhood without a new baby, and mother s
27、aid we couldnt afford one till father came back from the war because if cost seventeen and six. That showed how foolish she was. The Geneys up the road had a baby, and everyone knew they couldnt afford seventeen. and six. It was probably a cheap baby, and mother wanted something really good, but I f
28、elt she was too hard to please. The Geneys baby would have done us fine. Having settled my plans for the day, I got up, put a chair under my window, and lifted the frame high enough to stick out my head. The window overlooked the front gardens of the homes behind ours, and beyond these it looked ove
29、r a deep valley to the tall, red-brick house up the opposite hillside, which were all still shadow, while those on our side of the valley were all lit up, though with long storage shadows that made them seem unfamiliar, stiff and painted. After that I went into mothers room and climbed into the big
30、bed. She woke and I began to tell her of my schemes. By this time, though I never seem to have noticed it, I was freezing in my nightshirt, but I warmed up as I talked until the last frost melted. I fell asleep beside her and woke again only when I heard her below in the kitchen, making breakfast. 4
31、1 How did the author feel early in the morning? （ A） He felt frightened by the war. （ B） He felt cheerful. （ C） He felt puzzled by the dramatic situations around him. （ D） He felt burdened with responsibilities. 42 When he woke up in the morning, he would _. （ A） Visit Mrs. Left and Mrs. Right （ B）
32、Roll up the curtains （ C） Try to work out his plans for the day （ D） Make Mrs. Left argue with Mrs. Right 43 What did the author think of his mother? （ A） She was stubborn. （ B） She was poor. （ C） She was not very intelligent. （ D） She did not love him very much. 44 Where was the authors father duri
33、ng the war? （ A） He was out on business. （ B） He was working in another town. （ C） He went traveling. （ D） He was fighting in the front. 45 In which month did the story probably take place? （ A） In January. （ B） In September. （ C） In December. （ D） In November. 46 If sustainable competitive advantag
34、e depends on work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered as an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to
35、 be hiredrented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment. The lack of importance attached to human resource management can be seen in the corporation hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of huma
36、n resource managements is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human resource managemen
37、t is central usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firms hierarchy. While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skill of their employees than the Japanese or German firms do. The money they d
38、o invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible t
39、o absorb new technologies. As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Ger
40、many than it is in the United Stated. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change
41、. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half cant effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear. 46 Which of the following applies to
42、the management of human resources in American companies? （ A） They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills. （ B） They see the gaining of skills as their employees own business. （ C） They attach more importance to workers than to equipment. （ D） They only hire skilled workers becaus
43、e of keen competition. 47 What is the position of the head of human resource management in an American firm? （ A） He is one of the most important executives in the firm. （ B） His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduced. （ C） He is directly under the chief financial executive
44、. （ D） He has no authority in making important decisions in the firm. 48 The money most American firms spend in training mainly goes to _. （ A） workers who can operate new equipment （ B） technological and managerial staff （ C） workers who lack basic background skills （ D） top executives 49 According
45、 to the article, which of the following statement is true? （ A） The author believes that a company should focus on training workers in the filed of the specific skills necessary to do the next job. （ B） It will not cost as much to retrain workers as the expenditure saved during the years when no tra
46、ining has ever been conducted. （ C） In the field of traditional industry where few technical breakthroughs arrive, American firms may stay competitive. （ D） American corporation hierarchy prevents the workers from being trained basically. 50 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） American firms
47、are different from Japanese and German firms in human resource management. （ B） Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management. （ C） The head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firms hierarchy. （ D） The human resource management strategies
48、 of American firms affect their competitive capacity. 51 Publicity offers several benefits. There are no costs for message time or space. An ad in prime time television may cost $250,000 to $500,000 or more per minute, whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. Howev
49、er, there are costs for news releases, a publicity department, and other items. As with advertising, publicity reaches a mass audience. Within a short time, new products or company policies are widely known. Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Si
