1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 256及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 0 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 When did Poe start publishing his poetry and stories and pursue a career in journalism? （ A） In the early 1810s. （ B） In the early 1820s. （ C） In the early 1830s. （ D） In the early 1840s. 12 How old was he when Poe died? （ A） 30 （ B） 40 （ C） 50 （ D） 60 13 Which is not considere
5、d as Poes finest poems? （ A） To Helen （ B） Annabel Lee （ C） The Raven （ D） The Tell-Tale Heart 14 How many flu deaths a year in the 1990s? _ （ A） 20,000. （ B） 26,000. （ C） 30,000. （ D） 36,000. 15 Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially deadly in people over （ A） 55 （ B）
6、65 （ C） 75 （ D） 85 16 According to the report, which of the following sentences is true? _ （ A） The only method of preventing the disease is to get flu vaccines. （ B） Dr. Morens was optimistic about the immediate future. （ C） As many as 87 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S. V. each yea
7、r were 65 and older. （ D） The vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give people the flu. 17 Which word may best describe two speakers positions on intermarriage? （ A） Comparison （ B） Contrast （ C） Causality （ D） Bias 18 Why does marriage usually thrive concerning customs and traditions? （
8、A） On a give-and-take policy （ B） Beyond a give-and-take policy （ C） In the manner of each others adaptation （ D） Due to religious beliefs 19 The cultural differences arise_. （ A） at the wedding （ B） before intermarriage （ C） after people get married （ D） until recently 20 What negative effects may
9、the intermarriage most probably cause? （ A） A quick divorce （ B） Cultural shock （ C） A big gap between parents and children （ D） Much suffering in childrens minds 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B
10、, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Even plants can run a fever, especially when they are under attack by insects or diseases. But 21 humans, plants can have their temperature 22 from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, 23 the infrared(红外线的 )scanning technology developed for military purpose and o
11、ther satellites, physicist Stephen Paley 24 a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine 25 ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmer 26 target pesticide spraying 27 rain poison on a whole field, which 28 include plants that dont have the pest problem. Even better, Paleys Remote
12、 Scanning Services Company could detect crop problem before they became 29 to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet 30 , an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were 31 into a color-coded map showing 32 plants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot spray, u
13、sing 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they 33 would. The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers 34 the new technology and long-term backers were hard 35 But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, P
14、aley hopes to 36 into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used 37 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,“ says George Oerther of Texas A instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week. 41 Which of the
15、 following about Internet is true according to the passage? （ A） The Internet is the greatest progress for this century. （ B） Efforts are needed to control Internet. （ C） Paraguay refused to sign a treaty for transmission. （ D） The United Nations has found ways to prevent Internet from developing. 4
16、2 What kind of film does the author dislike? （ A） Violent films. （ B） Comedy. （ C） European films. （ D） Films acted by Leonardo. 43 What does “that“ in “I cant believe weve achieved that only to throw it away I favor. . . “(Para. 5) refer to? （ A） Digitally-delivered movies （ B） Multiplexes （ C） Adv
17、anced camera （ D） Sound 44 What is the authors attitude toward the future of film? （ A） Positive （ B） Negative （ C） Uncertain （ D） Worried 45 What does “media-saturated“ in “Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as . “ (Para. 6) mean? （ A） Be tired of media （ B） Be fully affected by media
18、（ C） Be driven mad by media （ D） Be benefited by media 45 In the relationship of education to business we observe today a fine state of paradox. On the one hand, the emphasis which most business places upon a college degree is so great that one can almost visualize the time when even the office boy
19、will have his baccalaureate. On the other hand, we seem to preserve the belief that some deep intellectual chasm separates the businessman from other products of the university system. The notion that business people are quite the Philistines sounds absurd. For some reason, we tend to characterize v
20、ocations by stereotypes, none too flattering but nonetheless deeply imbedded in the national conscience. In the cast of characters the businessman comes on stage as a crass and uncouth person. It is not a pleasant conception and no more truthful or less unpleasant than our other stereotypes. Busines
21、s is made up of people with all kinds of backgrounds, all kinds of motivations, and all kinds of tastes, just as in any other form of human endeavour. Businessmen are not ambulatory balance sheets and profit statements, but perfectly normal human beings, subject to whatever strengths, frailties, and
22、 limitations characterize man on the earth. They are people grouped together in organizations designed to complement the weakness of one with strength of another, tempering the exuberance of the young with the caution of the more mature, the poetic soarings of one mind with the counting house realis
23、m of another. Any disfigurement which society may suffer will come from man himself, not from the particular vocation to which he devotes his time. Any group of people necessarily represents an approach to a common denominator, and it is probably true that even individually they tend to conform some
24、what to the general pattern. Many have pointed out the danger of engulfing our original thinkers in a tide of mediocrity. Conformity is not any more prevalent or any more exacting in the business field than it is in any other. It is a characteristic of all organizations of whatever nature. The fact
25、is the large business unit provides greater opportunities for individuality and require less in the way of conformity than other institutions of comparable sizethe government service, or the academic world, or certainly the military. 46 The paradox in the relationship of education to business is_. （
26、 A） businessmen are both unmindful of history and sophisticated in it （ B） businessmen show both contempt and respect for noble activities （ C） there are both highly intellectual and uneducated businessmen （ D） there are both noticeable similarities and differences between businessmen and intellectu
27、als 47 According to the passage, a typical businessman is usually considered to be_. （ A） obstinate and hostile （ B） sociable and sympathetic （ C） ill-mannered and simple-minded （ D） shameless and ungraceful 48 There isnt a stereotyped businessman because_. （ A） they represent a cross section of soc
28、iety （ B） they are not ordinary people （ C） they are people with strong personal characters （ D） there is considerable mobility in the vocation 49 According to the passage, the distortion of the image of the businessmen is the result of （ A） prevalent egoism among businessmen （ B） the fierce social
29、competition （ C） racial discrimination （ D） sheer misunderstanding of other people 50 According to the passage, which of the following is true? （ A） People in all vocations are unwilling to conform to a general pattern. （ B） Conformity is a special characteristic of business. （ C） Businessmen are al
30、l original thinkers. （ D） Businessmen are provided with greater opportunities than people in other profession. 50 In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U. N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all the people whose governments joined together to form the U.N. . “We the p
31、eople of the U.N. determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, lar
32、ge and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and l
33、ive together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ internation
34、al machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims. “ The name “United Nations“ is accredited to U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member states met and signed
35、a declaration of common intent on New Years Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945,
36、were finally agreed on and signed as the U. N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the
37、U. S. S. R. , the U. K. and the U. S. and by a majority of the other participants that the U. N. officially came into existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day. The essential functions of the U. N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develo
38、p friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving international economic, social, cultural and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be a center for co-ordinating the actions of nations on attaining these common ends. No country
39、takes precedence over another in the U. N Each members rights and obligations are the same. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international dispute, and members have pledged to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states. 51 Under its Charter, the first stated aim of
40、 the U. N. was_. （ A） to promote social progress （ B） to prevent a third world war （ C） to revise international laws （ D） to maintain international peace 52 What did President Roosevelt have to do with the United Nations? _ （ A） He established “The United Nations“. （ B） He was given the name “The Un
41、ited Nations“. （ C） He was a credit to “The United Nations“. （ D） He probably devised the name “The United Nations“. 53 When did the U. N. come into existence? _ （ A） 26 June, 1945. （ B） 24 October, 1945. （ C） New Years Day in 1945. （ D） April, 1945. 54 Which of the following is true as to the essen
42、tial functions of the U. N. ? _ （ A） Its only concerned with human rights. （ B） It only solves economic and cultural problems. （ C） It co-ordinates actions of nations where necessary. （ D） It only aims to develop friendly relations. 55 Large member countries like China and the U. S. _. （ A） have a s
43、tronger voice than other countries （ B） have more freedom in the U. N. （ C） can use force against other states （ D） have the same rights and duties as other members 55 Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdenso
44、me, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in roboticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by
45、 intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains ar
46、e controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve wit
47、h their hands alone. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error, “s
48、ays Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. “ Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it app
49、eared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talentedand human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter i
