1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 265及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 0 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 According to the passage, the average I. Q. is_. （ A） 85 （ B） 100 （ C） 110 （ D） 125 12 This passage suggests that an individuals I. Q. _. （ A） can be predicted at birth （ B） stays the same throughout his life （ C） can be increased by education （ D） is determined by his childhoo
5、d 13 The best statement of the main idea of the passage is that_. （ A） human brains differ considerably （ B） the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence （ C） environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligence （ D） persons having identical brains will have r
6、oughly the same intelligence 14 According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up? （ A） Family debts （ B） Bank savings （ C） Monthly bills （ D） Spending habits 15 How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit? （ A） $190,000 （ B） $
7、330,000 （ C） $500,000 （ D） $1,000,000 16 What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth? （ A） Invest into a mutual fund （ B） Use the discount tickets （ C） Quit his eating-out habit （ D） Use only paper bills and save coins 17 Why does the woman say she has mixed feel
8、ing ? （ A） She wasnt quite ready to come back to campus. （ B） There are more endangered species in zoos than in the wild. （ C） The birds wont learn to keep away from people. （ D） She might change her major. 18 What was the womans job? （ A） Counting wildlife （ B） Cleaning cages （ C） Training baby bir
9、ds （ D） Making puppets 19 Why does the man mention tigers and pandas? （ A） He once had a job in a zoo. （ B） Theyre familiar examples of endangered species. （ C） Hes interested in the genetics of mammals. （ D） They also become attached to humans. 20 Why do the staff members cover themselves with clot
10、h as they work? （ A） So that they are protected from scratches by the cranes talons. （ B） So that they arent exposed to infectious diseases. （ C） So that the chicks can be examined in a sterile environment. （ D） So that the chicks dont become dependent on human being. 一、 Section II Use of English (1
11、5 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 21 the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant 2
12、2 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 23 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 24 and will strictly control the amount of 25 that can be given to a case 26 a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons m
13、edia select committee, Lord Irvine said he 27 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 28 sufficient control. 29 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 30 of media protest when he said the 31 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would
14、 be left to judges 32 to Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 33 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 34 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 35 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.
15、“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 36 our British judges,“ he said. Witness payments became an 37 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 38 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 39 witnesses might be encoura
16、ged to exaggerate their stories in court to 40 guilty verdicts. （ A） as to （ B） for instance （ C） in particular （ D） such as （ A） tightening （ B） intensifying （ C） focusing （ D） fastening （ A） sketch （ B） rough （ C） preliminary （ D） draft （ A） illogical （ B） illegal （ C） improbable （ D） improper （ A
17、） publicity （ B） penalty （ C） popularity （ D） peculiarity （ A） since （ B） if （ C） before （ D） as （ A） sided （ B） shared （ C） complied （ D） agreed （ A） present （ B） offer （ C） manifest （ D） indicate （ A） Release （ B） Publication （ C） Printing （ D） Exposure （ A） storm （ B） rage （ C） flare （ D） flash （
18、 A） translation （ B） interpretation （ C） exhibition （ D） demonstration （ A） better than （ B） other than （ C） rather than （ D） sooner than （ A） changes （ B） makes （ C） sets （ D） turns （ A） binding （ B） convincing （ C） restraining （ D） sustaining （ A） authorized （ B） credited （ C） entitled （ D） qualif
19、ied （ A） with （ B） to （ C） from （ D） by （ A） impact （ B） incident （ C） inference （ D） issue （ A） stated （ B） remarked （ C） said （ D） told （ A） what （ B） when （ C） which （ D） that （ A） assure （ B） confide （ C） ensure （ D） guarantee Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the question
20、s below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your bodys ability to fight off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consiste
21、ncy, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes is the bodys best weapon in thwarting many health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients
22、you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones. Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-c
23、alorie edibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight. In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eat
24、ing fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more important in preventing the disease than not eating fat. “The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot stronger several years ago than it does now,“ says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the Ameri
25、can Institute for Cancer Research. The road to strong bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skeletal system and keeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile. Your body
26、uses calcium for more than keeping your bones strong. Calcium permits cells to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. If you dont absorb enough from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body
27、will take it from your bones. Because your body doesnt produce this essential mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily amount is 1,200 mg, most adults dont eat more than 500 mg. One reason may have been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were
28、 also loaded with calories. “In the past, women, in particular, worried that dairy products were high in calories,“ says Letha Y. Griffin, M. D. , of Peachtree Orthopaedics in Atlanta. “But today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat y
29、ogurt. “ Also, low-fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium. If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, ask your doctor about supplements. Theyre a potent way to get calci
30、um as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But if you rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet, you wont benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Getting the recommended vitamin D may be easy, since your body makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. 41 Which kin
31、d of food is recommended to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones? （ A） Calcium-rich food （ B） Plant-based and starchy staples food （ C） High-fat, high-calorie food （ D） Vitamin D-rich food 42 The underlined word “thwart“ (Para. 1) most probably means “
32、_“. （ A） destroy （ B） forbid （ C） cure （ D） prevent 43 _percent of all cancers could be averted if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles. （ A） 30-40 （ B） 40-50 （ C） 50-60 （ D） 60-70 44 According to the passage, cancers may take some he
33、althy steps other than_. （ A） stop smoking （ B） exercise regularly （ C） take non-fat diet （ D） control their weight 45 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt. （ B） Calcium
34、 plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. （ C） You can rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet to take enough calcium. （ D） If you want to absorb calcium, you should expose yourself to the suns rays. 45 Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion
35、 a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as ac
36、ts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist; in
37、 a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Societys economic underpinnings would be destroyed: since earning $ 10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $ 10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, the
38、re would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them. In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in i
39、mportant ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizati
40、ons coloured by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good“ and others are “bad“, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life f
41、rom what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to indivi
42、duals when perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts. 46 The reason why people might not be able to stay al
43、ive in a world without emotion is that （ A） they would not be able to tell the texture of objects （ B） they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to them （ C） they would not be happy with a life without love （ D） they would do things that hurt each others feeling 47 According to th
44、e passage, peoples learning activities are possible because they_. （ A） believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay alive （ B） benefit from rewarded for doing the right thing （ C） know what is vital to progress of society （ D） enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thing 48 It can be in
45、ferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on_. （ A） the ability to make money （ B） the will to work for pleasure （ C） the capacity to enjoy incentives （ D） the categorizations of our emotional experiences 49 Emotions are significant for mans survival and adaptation
46、 because _ （ A） they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objects （ B） they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintained （ C） they encourage people to perform dangerous achievements （ D） they generate more love than hate among people 50 The
47、emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they_. （ A） help society exploit its members for profit （ B） encourage us to perform important tasks （ C） help to perfect the legal and penal system （ D） help us adapt our behaviour to the world surrounding us 50 The
48、 world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying:“Wont the wave of business concentrat
49、ion turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?“ Theres no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70%
