1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 300及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the conversation mainly about? （ A） A standard unit for measuring weight. （ B） How to care for precious metals. （ C） The value of precious metals. （ D） Using the metric system. 12 How is the weight used? （ A） To measure amounts of rainfall. （ B） To check the accuracy of
5、 scales. （ C） To observe changes in the atmosphere. （ D） To calculate the density of other metals. 13 What does Doctor Thomas probably think about the cost of the new weight? （ A） It is too high for such a light weight. （ B） It is difficult to judge the value of such an object. （ C） It is a small am
6、ount to pay for so much precious metal. （ D） It is reasonable for an object with such an important function. 14 Why does a newborn baby have to spend the first year of his life learning to listen? （ A） Because he likes learning. （ B） Because his hearing center is still immature. （ C） Because his ear
7、s are immature. （ D） Because he wants to know how to use his ears. 15 What s a newborn baby s reaction to a loud noise near him? （ A） Get angry. （ B） Look away. （ C） Begin crying. （ D） Ignore it. 16 When does a baby begin to use more vowels and consonants? （ A） When he is pleased. （ B） As he grows.
8、（ C） When he gets angry. （ D） When he hears other baby crying. 17 What hasn t Devorah Day involved in? （ A） Madrigals. （ B） Folk. （ C） Rock. （ D） Opera. 18 What is Devorah Day going to sing in future? （ A） Continue to sing jazz. （ B） Transfer to opera. （ C） Whatever songs she is offered. （ D） She is
9、 not sure. 19 How is her family? （ A） It doesnt have any musical background. （ B） It has many musicians. （ C） They pay much attention to Day s work. （ D） They didnt care about Day at all. 20 Which statement is true about Devorah Day? （ A） She starts singing as a jazz singer. （ B） The session for the
10、 album was done in 1999. （ C） Her family supports her work very much. （ D） She has faith in herself despite opposition of people around. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1
11、. 20 Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own.【 C1】_the turn of the century when jazz(爵士乐 )was born, America had no prominent【 C2】 _of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was【 C3】 _, or by whom. But it began to be【 C4】 _in the early 1900s. Jazz is America s contributio
12、n to【 C5】 _music. In contrast to classical music, which【 C6】_formal European traditions. Jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy,【 C7】 _ moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s, jazz【 C8】 _like America. And【 C9】 _it does today. The【 C10】 _of this music are as int
13、eresting as the music【 C11】 _, American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today were the Jazz【 C12】 _. They were brought to the Southern states【 C13】 _slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long【 C14】 _. When a Negro died, his friends and relatives【 C15】 _a procession to
14、 carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the【 C16】 _. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion,【 C17】 _on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their【 C18】 _, but the living were glad to be
15、 alive. The band played【 C19】 _music, improvising(即兴表演 )on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes【 C20】_at the funeral. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of Jazz. 21 【 C1】 （ A） Before （ B） At （ C） In （ D） On 22 【 C2】 （ A） music （ B） song （ C） melody （ D） style 23 【 C
16、3】 （ A） discovered （ B） acted （ C） invented （ D） designed 24 【 C4】 （ A） noticed （ B） found （ C） listened （ D） heard 25 【 C5】 （ A） classical （ B） sacred （ C） popular （ D） light 26 【 C6】 （ A） forms （ B） follows （ C） approaches （ D） introduces 27 【 C7】 （ A） expressing （ B） explaining （ C） exposing （ D）
17、 illustrating 28 【 C8】 （ A） appeared （ B） felt （ C） seemed （ D） sounded 29 【 C9】 （ A） as （ B） so （ C） either （ D） neither 30 【 C10】 （ A） origins （ B） originals （ C） discoveries （ D） resources 31 【 C11】 （ A） concerned （ B） itself （ C） available （ D） oneself 32 【 C12】 （ A） players （ B） followers （ C）
18、fans （ D） pioneers 33 【 C13】 （ A） for （ B） as （ C） with （ D） by 34 【 C14】 （ A） months （ B） weeks （ C） hours （ D） times 35 【 C15】 （ A） demonstrated （ B） composed （ C） hosted （ D） formed 36 【 C16】 （ A） demonstration （ B） procession （ C） body （ D） march 37 【 C17】 （ A） Even （ B） Therefore （ C） Furthermo
19、re （ D） But 38 【 C18】 （ A） number （ B） members （ C） body （ D） relations 39 【 C19】 （ A） sad （ B） solemn （ C） happy （ D） funeral 40 【 C20】 （ A） whistled （ B） sung （ C） presented （ D） showed Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D
20、. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The big identity-theft bust last week was just a taste of whats to come. Heres how to protect your good name. HERES THE SCARY THING about the identity-theft ring that the Feds cracked last week: there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could hav
21、e done to prevent it from happening. This was an inside job, according to court documents. A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $ 60 a
22、pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising. Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket. More than 700,000 Americans have
23、their credit hijacked every year. Its one of crimes biggest growth markets. A name, address and Social Security number which can often be found on the Web is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to f
24、raud, so theres little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, its up to you to protect your identity. The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves are opportunists, not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Du
25、mpster diving for those millions of “pre-approved“ credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later. But the most effective way
26、to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reports once or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits; Equifax(at equifax. com), Trans-Union(www. transunion. com)and Experian(experian. com). All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voic
27、e-mail hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found Trans-Unions website to be the cheapest and most comprehensive laying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion. If youre lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey or Ver
28、mont, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise its going to cost $8 to $ 14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year-round for about $ 70; thats $ 10 more than the going rate among thieves. If you think youre a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fr
29、aud alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form at www. consumer. gov/idtheft, which, along with a local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Just dont expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was o
30、ne of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught. 41 What is the trend of credit-theft crime? （ A） Tightly suppressed. （ B） More frightening. （ C） Rapidly increasing. （ D） loosely controlled. 42 The expression “inside job“(Line 3, Paragraph 2)most probably means “_“. （ A） a crime that
31、 is committed by a person working for the victim （ B） a crime that should be punished severely （ C） a crime that does great harm to the victim （ D） a crime that poses a great threat to the society 43 The creditors can protect their identity in the following ways except_. （ A） destroying your junk ma
32、il （ B） leaving your Social Security card at home （ C） visiting the credit-report website regularly （ D） obtaining the free report from the government 44 Why is it easy to have credit-theft? （ A） More people are using credit service. （ B） The application program is not safe enough. （ C） Creditors us
33、ually disclose their identity. （ D） Creditors are not careful about their identity. 45 What is the best title of the text? （ A） The danger of credit-theft （ B） The loss of the creditors （ C） How to protect your good name （ D） Why the creditors lose their identity 45 In the 1950s, the pioneers of art
34、ificial intelligence(AI)predicted that, by the end of this century , computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, theyre nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for human like behav
35、ior. Never mind something as complex as conversation : the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid. A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field went wrong. The problem, the scientists sa
36、y, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which naturally came up with in
37、telligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are pec
38、uliar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field. Imitating the brains neural(神经的 )network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intellige
39、nce. “People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors“ , he explains, “but its not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves. “ Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brains capabilities
40、stem from the pattern recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build and artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills. Right now, the option that conventional computers and software
41、are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town. 46 The author says that the powerful computers of today_. （ A） are capable
42、of reliably recognizing the shape of an object （ B） are close to exhibiting humanlike behavior （ C） are not very different in their performance from those of the 50s （ D） still cannot communicate with people in a human language 47 The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from_. （ A） t
43、he shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objects （ B） the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs （ C） the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old child （ D） the efforts made by scientists
44、 in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells 48 Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to_. （ A） find a roundabout way to design powerful computers （ B） build a computer using a clever network of switches （ C） find out how intelligence devel
45、oped in nature （ D） separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought 49 Whats the authors opinion about the new AI movement? （ A） It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers, but it will soon die out. （ B） Its a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes. （
46、C） Its more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort. （ D） It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects. 50 Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game in town“(Line 3, Para. 4)? （ A） The only approach to build
47、ing an artificially intelligent computer. （ B） The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research. （ C） The only area worth studying in computer science. （ D） The only game they would like to play in town. 50 Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born
48、 for every 100 females , but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, ther
49、e will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby(particularly a boy baby)surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has go
