1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 48及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twic
2、e. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 Two of the most vital functions
3、 performed in any economy are 7 The concept of saving is said to be at least as old as 8 The two ways individuals use income are 9 If too much is spent, the economys capacity to produce will 10 There is a reason for companies to invest only when people PART C Directions: You will hear three dialogue
4、s or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE
5、. 11 How long did Emily Dickinson live in the house where she was born? （ A） Almost all her life. （ B） Less than half her life. （ C） Until 1830. （ D） Before 1872. 12 Which of the following is TRUE of Emily Dickinson? （ A） She was not a productive poet. （ B） She saw many of her poems published. （ C）
6、She was not a sociable person. （ D） She had contact only with a few poets. 13 When was Emily Dickinson widely recognized? （ A） After Henry James referred highly to her. （ B） After seven of her poems were published. （ C） After her poems became known to others. （ D） After she was dead for many years.
7、14 What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her? （ A） Taping some music. （ B） Watching a film. （ C） Making a video recording. （ D） Writing a letter. 15 Why is the woman so excited? （ A） She is going to study in another country. （ B） She received a letter from a Japanese friend. （ C） She just
8、returned from a trip to Japan. （ D） She got a job at a travel agency. 16 Why does the woman feel grateful to Professor Mercheno? （ A） He helped her get into the program. （ B） He recorded some tapes especially for her. （ C） He gave her a good grade in her Japanese class. （ D） He told her about an int
9、eresting movie to watch. 17 Whose interests does the Council of Ministers represent? （ A） The community interests. （ B） The interests of the foreign ministers from the member nations. （ C） The interests of the Council members. （ D） The national interests of the members. 18 How many members did Europ
10、ean Parliament have in 1995? （ A） 189. （ B） 626. （ C） 99. （ D） 17. 19 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the political groups? （ A） Communists. （ B） Socialists. （ C） The Liberal Democratic. （ D） Reform Group. 20 Whats the responsibility of the Court of Auditors? （ A） Reviews the legal
11、ity of acts of the Commission and the Council. （ B） Oversees long-term investment. （ C） Monitors the revenues and expenditures of the EU. （ D） Advises the Commission and the Council on general economic policy. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the
12、best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 From the very beginning, water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel. The first civilizations arose 【 21】 _ water was a dominant element in the environments, a challenge 【 22】 _ mans ingenuity. Th
13、e Egyptians invented the 3655-day calendar (23 the Niles annual flooding. The Babylonians, 【 24】 _ were among the most famous law-makers in ancient times, invented laws 【 25】 _ water usage. Water inspired the Chinese to build a 1000 【 26】 _ canal, a complex system 【 27】 _ , after 2500 years, remains
14、 practically 【 28】_ and still commands the astonishment of engineers. But 【 29】 _ never found complete solutions 【 30】 _ their water problem. The Yellow River is also known 【 31】 _ “Chinas Sorrow“. It is so unpredictable and dangerous 【 32】_ in a single flood it has caused a million 【 33】 _ . Floods
15、 slowed the great 【 34】 _ of the Indus River Valleys, and innumerable damage mined 【 35】_ of its land. Today, water dominates man 【 36】 _ it always has done. Its presence continues to 【 37】 _ the location of his homes and cities; its violent variability can 【 38】 _ man or his herds or his crops; its
16、 routes links him 【 39】_ his fellows; its immense value may 【 40】 _ to already dangerous political conflicts. There are many examples of this in our own time. 21 【 21】 （ A） where （ B） the place （ C） when （ D） in the place 22 【 22】 （ A） with （ B） as （ C） to （ D） on 23 【 23】 （ A） in regard to （ B） in
17、response to （ C） incase （ D） in spite of 24 【 24】 （ A） they （ B） / （ C） that （ D） who 25 【 25】 （ A） regulates （ B） regulate （ C） regulated （ D） regulating 26 【 26】 （ A） miles （ B） mile （ C） miles （ D） miles 27 【 27】 （ A） who （ B） in which （ C） which （ D） by which 28 【 28】 （ A） in use （ B） for use （
18、C） by use （ D） on use 29 【 29】 （ A） ancient （ B） the ancients （ C） ancients （ D） ancients people 30 【 30】 （ A） for （ B） of （ C） to （ D） on 31 【 31】 （ A） for （ B） by （ C） to （ D） as 32 【 32】 （ A） that （ B） which （ C） because （ D） as 33 【 33】 （ A） people （ B） deaths （ C） damages （ D） ruins 34 【 34】 （
19、A） influence （ B） effect （ C） society （ D） civilization 35 【 35】 （ A） many （ B） lot （ C） much （ D） a lots 36 【 36】 （ A） for （ B） as （ C） because （ D） whereas 37 【 37】 （ A） effect （ B） control （ C） lead （ D） influence 38 【 38】 （ A） cause （ B） violate （ C） kill （ D） damage 39 【 39】 （ A） by （ B） on （ C
20、） at （ D） to 40 【 40】 （ A） increase （ B） add （ C） solve （ D） intensify Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 A finding in recent years shows that men cannot manufacture blood as effici
21、ently as women can. This makes surgery riskier for men. Because they do not breathe as often as women, men also need more oxygen. But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk. They draw more of the air when it is polluted. Mens bones are larger than womens and they are arranged
22、somewhat differently. The feminine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure. A man has broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis, which makes him to stride out with no waste motion. A Womans wider pelvis, designed for childbearing, forces her to put more movement into each step
23、she takes with the result that she displays a bit of a jiggle and sway as she walks. If you think a man is brave because he can climb a ladder to clean out the roof gutters, dont forget it is easier for him than for a woman. The angle at which a womans thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing dif
24、ficult for her, no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling. A mans skin is thicker than a womans and not nearly as soft. This prevents the suns radiation from getting through, which is why men wrinkle less than women do. Women have a thin layer of fat just under th
25、e skin and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve. It acts as an invisible fur coat to keep a woman warmer in the winter. Women also stay cooler in summer. Because the fat layer helps insulate them against heat. Mens fat is distributed differently. And they do not have that layer of it undernea
26、th their skin. In fact, they have considerably less fat than women and more lean mass. 41 percent of a mans body is muscle compared to 35 percent for women, which means that men have more muscle power. When we mention strength, almost 90 percent of a mans weight is strength compared to about 50 perc
27、ent of a womans weight. The higher proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose weight. Muscle bums up five more calories a pound than fat does just to maintain itself. So when a man wants to loss weight, the pounds roll off much faster. For all mens muscularity they do not have the e
28、nergy reserves women do. They have more start-up energy, but the fat tucked away in womens nooks and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack. Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women on treadmills discovered that over the years the female capacity for exercis
29、e far exceeds the male capacity. A woman of sixty who is in good health can exercise up to 90 percent of what she could do when she was twenty. A man of sixty has only 60 percent left of his capacity as a twenty-year-old. 41 That boys suffer more from air pollution can possibly be justified by the f
30、act that _. （ A） the male have larger bones than the female （ B） women can manufacture blood more efficiently than men （ C） men usually breathe more deeply than women （ D） women breathe as often as men 42 The different ways men and women move their body indicate that _. （ A） bone structures in men a
31、nd women are arranged differently （ B） womens bones are more ready to movement （ C） men always move their bodies with waste motions （ D） women are good at climbing upwards 43 It can be concluded from the passage that _. （ A） men suffer more from suns radiation than women do （ B） men will be more exh
32、austed than women after a long trip （ C） the higher proportion of fat in womens body makes them easier to lose weight （ D） an aged man can still exercise his body as he was young 44 The best title for the above article is _. （ A） Why Men Lack Capacity for Exercise over the Years （ B） How Mens Bones
33、Are Arranged Differently from Womens （ C） Studies on Differences and Similarities between Men and Women （ D） Men and Women: Some Differences 45 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） More oxygen needs to be prepared when a man is having surgery. （ B） Mans courag
34、e has nothing to do with males body structure. （ C） A woman usually stays cooler in summer and warmer in winter. （ D） It is easier for a man to lose his weight. 45 More than 30 000 drivers and passengers who sit in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of on
35、ly 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third-floor building. Wearing a seat belt saves lives: it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half. Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. ff you do not, you will be fine
36、d up to 50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the drivers responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind. However, when youre reversing your car, you do not have to wear a sea
37、t belt; or when you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt. Remember that you may be taken to court for no
38、t doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove that you have been excused from wearing it. 46 How many people in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured every year? （ A） 30000. （ B） 60000. （ C） Approximately 30 000. （ D） Above 30 000. 47 Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle _. （
39、A） reduces road accidents to more than half （ B） saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hour （ C） reduces the death rate in traffic accidents （ D） saves more. than 15 000 lives each year 48 It is the drivers responsibility to _. （ A） make the front seat passengers wear a seat belt （
40、 B） make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt （ C） stop children riding in the front seat （ D） wear a seat belt each time he drives 49 According to the text, which of the following people riding in the front does NOT have to wear a seat belt? （ A） Someone who is backing into a parking s
41、pace. （ B） Someone who is picking up the children from the local school. （ C） Someone who is delivering invitation letters. （ D） Someone who is under 14. 50 For some people, it may be better _. （ A） to wear a seat belt for health reasons （ B） not to wear a seat belt for health masons （ C） to get a v
42、alid medical certificate before wearing a seat belt （ D） to pay a free rather than wear a seat belt 50 The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at
43、the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by “light dues“ levied (征收 ) on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later, there were 700 lighthouses. The first eight lanterns erected
44、 on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere, though, lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles. Since most stations in the Northeast were set up
45、on rocky eminences (高处 ), enormous towers were not the rule. Some of them were made of stone and brick, others of wood or metal. Some of them stood on pilings or stilts; others were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys, the coast is low and sandy. It
46、 was often necessary to build tall towers there-massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, which was lit in 1870. At 190 feet, it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country. Notwithstanding differences in construction appearence, most lighthouses in America
47、 shared several features: a light, living quarters, and sometimes a bell (or later a foghorn). They also had quarters, and something else in common: a keeper and usually the keepers family. The keepers essential task was trimming the lantern wick (灯芯 ) in order to maintain a steady, bright flame. Th
48、e earliest keepers came from every industry-they were seamen, farmers, mechanics, rough mill hands-and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board, and agency
49、 of the Treasury Department, the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.= 51 Which is the best title for the passage? （ A） The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island. （ B） The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper. （ C） Early Lighthouses in the United States. （ D） The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-Keeping. 52 Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony? （ A） It was the headquarters of the United Sta
